Weather, herbage quality and milk production in pastoral systems. 4. Effects on dairy cattle production

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 222 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Roche ◽  
L. R. Turner ◽  
J. M. Lee ◽  
D. C. Edmeades ◽  
D. J. Donaghy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Herbage Quality ◽  
Time Of Year

Prevailing weather conditions are one factor that influences herbage growth and quality, and therefore may have a substantial impact on animal production. The objective of the present study was to quantify the associations between weather, herbage quality and mineral concentration, and animal production. Daily weather data and weekly records of herbage quality and mineral concentration, as well as dairy cattle production, were available from a research farm and nearby weather station across the years 1995 to 2001, inclusive. Animal production variables of interest included individual cow milk production and composition, body condition score, and liveweight, as well as group herbage dry matter intake. Results indicate moderate relationships between some weather- and herbage-related variables and dairy cattle production variables, although most relationships appeared to be an artefact of temporal variation, as evidenced by weakening of correlations following adjustment for animal parity, stage of lactation, and week of the year at calving. Prior to adjustment for the confounding factors, the negative associations between milk yield and all temperature-related variables (r = –0.46 to –0.34) were most notable. Following adjustment for time of year, milk yield became positively associated with sunlight hours (r = 0.14). Negative relationships were demonstrated between temperature-related variables and milk protein concentration (r = –0.08), regardless of time of year. Milk protein concentration was positively associated with herbage metabolisable energy content (r = 0.06), water-soluble carbohydrate (r = 0.11), and organic matter digestibility (r = 0.06) concentrations, and negatively associated with ether extract (r = –0.07), acid detergent fibre (r = –0.06), and neutral detergent fibre (r = –0.05) concentrations. Weather, herbage quality and mineral concentration explained up to 22% more variation in dairy cattle production variables over and above farmlet and time of year, with a greater effect on dry matter intake than the other production parameters.

scholarly journals Dry Matter Intake and In Vivo Digestibility of Grass-Only and Grass-White Clover in Individually Housed Sheep in Spring, Summer and Autumn

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 306
Author(s):  
MaryAnne Hurley ◽  
Eva Lewis ◽  
Marion Beecher ◽  
Brian Garry ◽  
Christina Fleming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Nitrogen Intake ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Key Drivers

Intake and digestibility are key drivers of animal production from grazed forage. The objective of this study was to compare the in vivo digestibility and voluntary dry matter (DM) intake of grass-only and grass-white clover (grass-clover) forage in individually housed sheep. This study was a Latin square design, repeated on three occasions in 2017: Spring (27 March–29 April), summer (19 June–22 July) and autumn (4 September–29 September). Grass-clover and grass-only swards were harvested daily and offered ad libitum to 6 individually housed wether sheep per treatment per period. Digestibility of DM, organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) were determined using the total faecal collection method. Dry matter intake was not significantly different between treatments. White clover inclusion increased forage crude protein concentration in autumn (p < 0.001) and reduced NDF concentration in the offered forage (p < 0.001), increasing nitrogen intake per sheep in autumn (p < 0.001) and decreasing NDF intake per sheep in autumn (p < 0.001). Grass-clover swards had a significantly greater OM and DM digestibility compared to grass-only swards (p < 0.05). This could potentially result in increased animal production from grass-clover swards compared to grass-only swards.

Weather, herbage quality and milk production in pastoral systems. 3. Inter-relationships and associations between weather variables and herbage growth rate, quality and mineral concentration

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Roche ◽  
L. R. Turner ◽  
J. M. Lee ◽  
D. C. Edmeades ◽  
D. J. Donaghy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Daily Weather Data ◽  
Herbage Quality ◽  
Time Of Year

Prevailing weather conditions influence herbage growth and quality, and therefore may have a substantial impact on animal production. Before investigating relationships between weather factors, herbage quality and animal production, it is beneficial to first quantify interactions between herbage quality characteristics and mineral concentrations. The objective of the present study was to investigate the association between weather and herbage growth rate, quality and mineral concentration under rotational grazing systems. Daily weather data and weekly records of herbage quality and mineral concentration from a research dairy farm were available across the years 1995 to 2001, inclusive. Herbage growth rates were also recorded on a monthly basis. Results imply moderate correlations between some weather variables and herbage quality and mineral concentration. Generally, the strength of the absolute correlations between weather and herbage-related variables decreased following adjustment of the herbage-related variables for month of year and research farmlet. Negative correlations existed between rainfall and herbage water-soluble carbohydrate (r = –0.19) and organic matter digestibility concentration (r = –0.13) and metabolisable energy content (r = –0.14), independent of time of year and farmlet. Weather explained up to 14% of the variation in herbage nutrient content over and above that explained by time of year and farmlet. Significantly different correlations existed across time between some weather and herbage-related variables, indicating that the relationships may differ across seasons. Results from the present study, in conjunction with information on the effect of herbage quality and/or mineral concentration on animal production, will be valuable in improving our understanding of weather influences on herbage growth, quality and mineral concentration.

PSXIII-28 Late-Breaking: Lactational performance of dairy cows receiving supplemental His: A meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 379-379
Author(s):  
Susanna Räisänen ◽  
Alexander N Hristov
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Lactational Performance ◽  
Control Milk ◽  
Protein Supply

Abstract The objective of this meta-analysis was to examine the effect of supplemental histidine (His) on dry matter intake (DMI), milk (MY) and energy-corrected milk (ECM) yields, and milk components in lactating dairy cows. A comprehensive meta-analysis was performed to data from 20 studies published in peer-reviewed journals between 1999 and 2021. In 12 of the studies His was supplemented to the diet as rumen-protected His and in the remaining experiments free His was infused into the abomasum (5 experiments), the jugular vein (2 experiments) or the duodenum (1 experiment) of the cows. The diets were based on corn silage in 60% and on grass silage in 40% of the studies. In studies where data were available (13 out of 20), metabolizable protein supply was estimated to be on average 98% (min = 85% and max = 110%) of NRC (2001) requirements. Computations were carried out using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (V. 3.3.070). Histidine supplementation increased (P &lt; 0.001) plasma His concentration by 59%, compared with control. Dry matter intake and MY increased (P ≤ 0.002) by 0.22 and 0.36 kg/d, respectively, whereas ECM yield tended to increase (P = 0.07) by 0.14 kg/d with His supplemented diets vs. the control. Milk protein concentration was also increased (P = 0.004) by 0.20 %-units, whereas milk fat concentration tended to decrease (P = 0.10) by 0.11 %-units with His supplementation. Further, His increased milk protein and lactose yield (P ≤ 0.05) by 0.31 and 0.14 kg/d, respectively. Overall, based on the available data, His supplementation of lactating dairy cow rations enhanced DMI, MY and milk protein concentration and yield.

scholarly journals Addition of glycerol to lactating cow diets stimulates dry matter intake and milk protein yield to a greater extent than addition of corn grain

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (8) ◽  
pp. 6139-6150 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.L. Bajramaj ◽  
R.V. Curtis ◽  
J.J.M. Kim ◽  
M. Corredig ◽  
J. Doelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Corn Grain

scholarly journals Intake of Tifton 85 chopped hay have positive effects on protein digestibility, and milk production and composition of Lacaune sheep

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e347985005
Author(s):  
Alexandre Bernardi ◽  
Antonio Waldimir Leopoldino da Silva ◽  
Catia Capeletto ◽  
Felipe Junior Portela da Silva ◽  
Renata Cristina Defiltro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Feed Digestibility ◽  
D 12

This study compared the effects of unchopped and chopped hay on milk production and composition, feed digestibility, and physiology of Lacaune sheep. Eighteen ewes were stratified by parity (two or three), days of lactation (60 ± 3.7 days), and milk production (1.04 L/ewe/day), and were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: 1) Unchopped or 2) Chopped Tifton 85 hay. Corn silage and concentrate were also provided. Chopped hay ewes gave lower (P≤0.01) dry matter intake and greater (P=0.02) crude protein digestibility. No effects of treatment were detected (P≥0.38) for the digestibility of dry matter, or of neutral and acid detergent fibers. Chopped hay ewes had greater (P≤0.01) milk production (d 7 and d 12), lactation persistence, and feed efficiency. Ewes eating chopped hay had greater (P=0.03) protein concentration in their milk. However, there were no effects of treatment × day and treatments (P≥0.16) for concentrations of fat, lactose, minerals, deffated dry extract, or density. Ewes eating chopped hay presented lower (P<0.01) serum concentrations of urea and tended to have lower (P=0.10) serum concentrations of glucose only on d 12. However, there were no effects of treatment × day and treatments (P≥0.16) for serum concentrations of total protein, albumin, globulin, triglycerides, or cholesterol. These data suggest that chopped hay promotes lower dry matter intake and serum concentrations of glucose and urea, but improves milk production, lactation persistence, feed efficiency, and protein concentration.

scholarly journals Replacing grass silage with pea-barley intercrop silage in the feeding of the dairy cow

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. PURSIAINEN ◽  
M. TUORI
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake ◽  
Barley Silage

The effect of replacing wilted grass silage (GS) with pea-barley intercrop silage (PBS) on feed intake, diet digestibility and milk production was studied with 8 multiparous Ayrshire-cows in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square experiment. Proportion of PBS was 0 (PBS0), 33 (PBS33), 67 (PBS67) or 100 (PBS100) % of silage dry matter (DM). The DM content was 559 and 255 g kg-1 for GS and PBS. Crude protein content was 131 and 170 g kg-1 DM, respectively. Pea-barley silage was more extensively fermented than GS with total fermentation acid content of 120 vs. 12 g kg-1 DM. Silage was fed for ad libitum intake and supplemented with on the average 13 kg concentrate per day. Silage DM intake was 9.2 (PBS0), 9.7 (PBS33), 9.0 (PBS67) and 7.1 (PBS100) kg per day (Pquadr. < 0.05). The energy corrected milk yield [30.3 (PBS0), 29.8 (PBS33), 30.3 (PBS67), 31.3 (PBS100) kg per day] was not significantly affected by the treatment. Milk protein concentration decreased linearly (P < 0.05) in response to feeding PBS. It is concluded that PBS can replace up to two thirds of wilted, moderate quality GS in the feeding of dairy cows because in this experiment pure pea-barley silage reduced silage intake.

scholarly journals Effect of Ruminally-protected leucine supplement on milk yield and plasma amino acids in dairy cows

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. KRÍZOVÁ ◽  
J. TRINÁCTÝ ◽  
M. RICHTER
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Milk Protein Content ◽  
Ad Libitum

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of leucine supplement in the form of rumen-protected tablets on milk yield and composition and plasma amino acids in four high-yielding lactating Holstein cows. The experiment was carried out as a cross-over procedure and was divided into 4 periods of 14 d (10 d preliminary period and 4 d experimental period). Cows were fed ad libitum a diet based on maize silage, lucerne hay and a supplemental mixture. The diet, defficient in methionine, lysine, and leucine, was supplemented with methionine+lysine (Control) or methionine+lysine+leucine (Leu) in rumen protected form. The dry matter intake, milk yield and milk yield expressed in energy corrected milk did not differ significantly between the treatments. Milk protein content and yield did not show statistically significant variation. The contents and yield of casein, fat, lactose and urea were unaffected by the treatment. Blood metabolites did not vary between the treatments. The introduction of Leu resulted in higher plasma levels of proline (p

scholarly journals Invited review: Determination of large-scale individual dry matter intake phenotypes in dairy cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (9) ◽  
pp. 7655-7663 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Seymour ◽  
A. Cánovas ◽  
C.F. Baes ◽  
T.C.S. Chud ◽  
V.R. Osborne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dry Matter Intake

Factors influencing individual predicted total dry matter intake of dairy cattle on farms

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 183-183
Author(s):  
H.C.F. Wicks ◽  
J.D. Leaver
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Genetic Merit ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Commercial Farms ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Body Condition Scores

The aim was to estimate the influence of genetic merit (£PIN95) and level of concentrate feeding (Cgrp) on predicted total dry matter intake (tDMI) of individual cows, using records collected from commercial farms. The method described by Wicks & Leaver (2000) was used to estimate individual daily dry matter intakes from seven farms, totalling 4282 monthly records over a two-year period. The method was based on milk production records supplemented by body condition scores and height at withers, which were used to calculated the ME requirements of individual animals. All the records were collected, from autumn and winter (July to March) calving cows during the housed period (August to March).

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