Absence of persistent methane emission differences in three breeds of dairy cows

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Münger ◽  
M. Kreuzer
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Methane Emission ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Minor Importance ◽  
Genetic Determination ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Jersey Cows

In the present study, data from an experiment with 10 purebred Holstein, Simmental and Jersey cows each were analysed to test the assumption that there are genetically low methane-producing animals. Methane emission of cows offered forage ad libitum and some concentrate was measured for 3 days in open-circuit respiration chambers in weeks 8, 15, 23, 33 and 41 of lactation. Individual cow data were analysed in five different ways: (i) plotting the trend of methane per unit of dry matter intake (DMI) and milk yield over time; relating measured methane production to estimates derived from equations based on either; (ii) DMI or (iii) nutrient intake; (iv) relating residual feed intake (RFI) to methane emission; and (v) analysis of variance of cow × measurement interactions. The Holstein, Simmental and Jersey cows emitted on average 25, 25 and 26 g methane/kg DMI, respectively. There was no indication of individual cows with persistently low or high methane yield per kg DMI and per kg milk. Measured methane emissions differed from estimated values without a clear pattern, and the relationship between RFI and methane emission of the cows was weak. Finally, analysis of variance failed to show distinct patterns of methane per unit of DMI and milk for individual animals. The apparent lack of persistence of individual animal differences in methane yields suggests that genetic determination of this trait is of minor importance in dairy cows.

scholarly journals The genetic determination of the economically useful characteristics of the cows of ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (89) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Shulyar
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Mass Measurements ◽  
Genetic Determination ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Private Research ◽  
Dairy Breed

The economically useful characteristics of dairy cows depend on many genetic, physiological, technological and environmental factors. The modern cow population of Ukrainian dairy cows was formed by using the improved Holstein breed. The contribution of this breed into both the creation and the improvement of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed is reflected in its genealogic structure, as the prevailing part of the lines is of Holstein origin. That’s why the estimation of animals of different lines and the male descendants of the bulls in service according to the main economically useful characteristics is one of the most topical matters concerning the improvement of the rate of genetic potential realization of the animals under peculiar conditions as well as of the formation of highly productive and profitable dairy herds. As it follows from mentioned above, the goal of our research was to determine the effects of the bulls in service and their belonging to the line on economically useful characteristics of the cows. The material for the research was the information concerning the breed and productive use of the cows of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed on the breeding plant of the private agrarian firm (PAF) “Yerchyky” of Zhytomyr oblast, as well as the results of private research. To make an analysis there was used the information about the cows which were lactating for the period of 7 years when the feeding and keeping conditions were similar ones. For the purpose of the research on the genetic determination of economically useful characteristics of the cows of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed, it has been made an analysis from among the groups of paternity and linear belonging. The comparison of group middle young cows’ indices from different bulls in service and cows of various linear belonging has been made on the live mass, measurements and indices of body constitution, on milk productivity and morpho-functional characteristics of the udder as well as on their reproductive capacity. A considerable and highly reliable level of intergroup differentiation of cows of various linear belonging as well as of half-sisters by the bull has been determined on the economically useful characteristics. By means of single-factor variance analysis it has been determined that the paternity has a significant effect on the economically useful characteristics of cows that stipulates 0.71–21.92% of total phenotypic changeability of the characteristics being taken into account, whereas the belonging to the line was 0.54–12.70%. The study of the effects of paternity and linear belonging of cows on the parameters of their life-long productivity will be the perspective of the further research.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Root and Yield Related Morphological Characters in Pea (Pisum Sativum L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15
Author(s):  
Sylwia Ciaglo-Androsiuk
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Genetic Determination ◽  
Canonical Correlations ◽  
Effect On Yield

AbstractRelation between morphological traits of the root system and yield related traits is an important issue concerning efforts aiming at improving of ideotype of cultivated plants species, including pea. In this paper, to analyse the dependency between traits describing the root system morphology and yield potential, Person’s andSpearman's_correlations as well as canonical correlations were used.Root system was analyzed in 14 and 21 day-old seedlings growing in blotting-paper cylinders. Yield potential of pea was analysed in a field experiment. Results of Person’s and Spearman's_correlations revealed that number of lateral roots and lateral roots density were correlated witch yield related traits. Correlation between root length and shoot length was observed only for 14 day-old seedlings. The result of canonical correlations revealed that number of lateral roots and lateral roots density had the largest effect on yield related traits. This work highlights, that in order to improve the yield of pea it might become necessary to understand genetic determination of morphological traits of the root system, especially number of lateral roots.

scholarly journals A Co-Association Network Analysis of the Genetic Determination of Pig Conformation, Growth and Fatness

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e114862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Puig-Oliveras ◽  
Maria Ballester ◽  
Jordi Corominas ◽  
Manuel Revilla ◽  
Jordi Estellé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Association Network ◽  
Genetic Determination

The use of regression techniques on calorimetric data to estimate the metabolisable energy requirements of lactating dairy cows

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 ◽  
pp. 4-4
Author(s):  
T. Yan ◽  
F. J. Gordon ◽  
R. E. Agnew ◽  
M. G. Porter ◽  
D. C. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Gaseous Exchange ◽  
Calorimetric Data ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
Metabolisable Energy

The metabolisable energy (ME) requirement for maintenance (MEm) can be determined by measuring the fasting metabolism of the non-lactating cow, but this approach cannot encompass any differences in maintenance metabolic rate between lactating and non-lactating animals. The MEm and efficiency of ME use for lactation (k1) can also be estimated by regression of energy outputs against ME intake (MEI). During 1992 to 1995, a total of 221 Holstein/Friesian lactating dairy cows, which were offered grass silage-based diets, were subjected to gaseous exchange measurements in indirect open-circuit respiration calorimeters. The objective of the present study was to use these data to predict the MEm and k1 by a range of regression techniques for lactating dairy cows offered grass silage-based diets.

Effects of Dietary Inclusion of Sericea Lespedeza Hay on Behavior, Heat Energy, and Ruminal Methane Emission by Growing Alpine Doelings and Katahdin Ewe Lambs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 38-38
Author(s):  
Wei L Wang ◽  
Luana L Ribeiro ◽  
Italo L Portugal ◽  
Terry A Gipson ◽  
Arthur L Goetsch
Keyword(s):  
Methane Emission ◽  
Species Differences ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Lespedeza Cuneata ◽  
Sericea Lespedeza ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract Twenty-four Alpine doelings (initial body weight (BW) and age of 25.3±0.55 kg and 10.4±0.11 mo, respectively) and 24 Katahdin ewe lambs (28.3±1.02 kg and 9.6±0.04 mo, respectively) were used to determine effects of dietary level of Sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata; 10% condensed tannins) on heat energy and ruminal emission of the greenhouse gas methane determined with an open-circuit calorimetry system. Pens with Calan feeding gates were used in the study with four 6–7-wk periods. Diets (i.e., treatments) consumed ad libitum were 75% ground hay, alfalfa, a 1:1 mixture of alfalfa and lespedeza (AL), and lespedeza. Data were analyzed with a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatments, repeated measure of period, and a mixed effects model. Feeders were open 195 and 205 min/d for Alpine and Katahdin (SEM=9.8) and longer (P < 0.05) for diets with lespedeza (159, 209, and 231 min/d for alfalfa, AL, and lespedeza, respectively). Rate of dry matter intake (DMI) was greater (P < 0.05) for Katahdin vs. Alpine (10.2 and 6.1 g/min) and for alfalfa than for AL and lespedeza (11.1, 8.1, and 6.7 g/min, respectively). Heat energy was greater (P < 0.05) in MJ/d for Katahdin than for Alpine (10.19 vs. 7.90) and similar among diets (9.20, 9.40, and 8.53; SEM=0.266), but values in kJ/kg BW0.75 were similar between animal types (560 and 579; SEM=8.4) and greatest (P < 0.05) among diets for AL (563, 592, and 553 for alfalfa, AL, and lespedeza, respectively). Ruminal methane emission differed (P < 0.05) between animal types in MJ/d (1.17 and 1.44), kJ/g DMI (1.39 and 1.23), and kJ/g average daily gain (ADG; 18.1 and 9.8 for Alpine and Katahdin, respectively). Regardless of period, diet did not impact methane emission in MJ/d or relative to DMI, BW, or ADG. In conclusion, it is unclear why dietary inclusion of lespedeza did not reduce ruminal methane emission as in previous studies. Species differences in methane relative to DMI and ADG (i.e., lower for sheep than for goats) deserve further attention.

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