Quality of fresh and dried fruit of apricot (cv. Moorpark) in response to soil-applied nitrogen

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Rettke ◽  
T. R. Pitt ◽  
N. A. Maier ◽  
J. A. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Dried Fruit ◽  
Applied Nitrogen

The effects of soil applications of nitrogen on the quality of fresh and dried fruit from 12-year-old apricot Prunus armeniaca cultivar Moorpark trees growing on an orthic Tenosol in the Riverland region of South Australia were studied over 3 years. The experiment was set up in a randomised complete block design with 6 annual rates of nitrogen (0, 250, 500, 750, 1000 and 1250 g/tree.year) applied in the form of ammonium nitrate. Application was split into 30% at budburst, 30% six weeks after budburst and 40% after harvest. Firmness of fruit was significantly reduced as the rate of applied nitrogen increased. The flesh of individual fruits ripened more evenly when 0 or 250 g nitrogen/tree.year was applied, compared with rates in the range 500–1250 g nitrogen/tree.year. Application of nitrogen significantly increased the pH of fruit. The total soluble solids level of fruit from trees that received 0 or 250 g nitrogen/tree.year, was significantly lower than from trees that received 750 or 1250, but not 1000 g nitrogen/tree.year. Application of nitrogen did not significantly affect the concentration of sulfur dioxide in fresh fruit measured after sulfuring, but the concentration of sulfur dioxide in fruit at the completion of drying was significantly increased. The application of nitrogen did not affect the drying ratio of fruit. Nitrogen application increased the rate of darkening of dried apricots in storage in each of the three years. Relationships were found between time taken for dried apricots to darken to an unacceptable level and nitrogen concentration in harvested fruit. It is suggested that to assist in the management of darkening of dried apricots in storage, annual nitrogen application rates on an orthic Tenosol need to be below 500 g/tree.year and ideally below 250 g/tree.year.

Growth and yield responses of apricot (cv. Moorpark) to soil-applied nitrogen

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Rettke ◽  
T. R. Pitt ◽  
N. A. Maier ◽  
J. A. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Applied Nitrogen

The effect of soil-applied nitrogen on the growth and yield of 12-year-old apricot Prunus armeniaca cultivar Moorpark trees growing on an orthic Tenosol in the Riverland region of South Australia was studied over 3 years. The experiment was set up in a randomised complete block design with 6 annual rates of nitrogen (0, 250, 500, 750, 1000 and 1250 g/tree.year) applied in the form of ammonium nitrate. Application was split into 30% at budburst, 30% 6 weeks after budburst and 40% after harvest. Growth in trunk circumference was significantly greater at 750 and 1000 g/tree.year than at the other rates of nitrogen. In years 1 and 2, the weight of water shoot growth removed at pruning was significantly higher at nitrogen rates of 750–1250 g/tree.year than from trees that received no nitrogen. It is suggested that for Moorpark apricots growing on an orthic Tenosol, applying nitrogen at rates of 750 g/tree.year and above produces levels of water shoot growth that are undesirable for tree management. Nitrogen application resulted in darker and more vivid green leaves as measured with a Minolta Chroma Meter. Concentration of nitrogen in mid-shoot leaves was increased with increase in applied nitrogen. Fruit size was significantly increased by applied nitrogen in year 1, but fruit size was not significantly affected in years 2 and 3. Nitrogen application increased fruit set in the second and third year. Yield of fresh fruit was not significantly affected in the first year, but was in subsequent years with the maximum yield obtained at a rate of 1000 g/tree.year of nitrogen in both years. Yield of dried fruit followed similar trends to that of fresh fruit. Fruit maturation was delayed by 4 to 8 days by nitrogen application. After 3 years, applying nitrogen at 1250 g/tree.year the pH of soil in the top 15 cm was 4.7 compared with 6.7 where no nitrogen was applied.

Fruit development of Carina (Shiraz × Sultana) in response to growth regulators applied at calyptra dehiscence

1983 ◽  
Vol 23 (121) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Cirami ◽  
AP Chapman ◽  
MG McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Mechanical Treatment ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Dried Fruit ◽  
Pressure Water ◽  
Selection Of

Growth regulators known to improve yield and quality of Zante and a mechanical treatment utilizing high velocity air and a high pressure water spray to physically dislodge the calyptras were applied at dehiscence in 1979 and 1980 to vines of Carina, a male-sterile hybrid selection of Shiraz x Sultana. The vines were grown in the Barossa Valley, South Australia. The mechanical treatment was ineffective in dislodging the calyptras and there were no significant differences in yield or components of yield between treated and untreated vines in either year. The three growth regulators, CCC 100 ppm + GA 1 ppm, 4-CPA 20 ppm + GA 0.5 ppm, and GA 10 ppm, had marked effects on yield and components of yield, but the response varied between sprays and between years. In 1980 4-CPA + GA produced more berries per bunch, heavier bunches and more fresh fruit per vine than both CCC + GA and GA, while in I98 1, 4-CPA + GA and GA were superior to CCC + GA. There were no differences in concentration of soluble solids, pruning weight or dried berry weight in either year. The processed dried fruit of all treatments was of excellent quality.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Application and Leaf Harvesting Improves Yield and Nutritional Quality of Beetroot

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salfina S. Mampa ◽  
Martin M. Maboko ◽  
Puffy Soundy ◽  
Dharini Sivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
N Application ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Leaf Harvest

Beetroot (Beta vulgaris), commonly known as table beet, is used as a staple in the diet of many people through the consumption of the entire plant, leaf, and the root. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of nitrogen (N) application and leaf harvest percentage on the yield and quality of roots and leaves of beetroot. The treatment design was a randomized complete block design with five levels of N (0, 60, 90, 120, and 150 kg·ha−1) combined with three leaf harvest percentages (0, 30, and 50) and replicated three times. The first leaf harvest was initiated 35 days after transplanting (DAT) by removing the outer matured leaves and the second harvest occurred 80 DAT by removing all the leaves. The results showed increases in leaf and root yield with an increase in N application. Nitrogen application at 90 and 120 kg·ha−1 increased fresh leaf weight, leaf number, and fresh and dry root weight, including root diameter and length with the exception of leaf area which was significantly higher at 120 kg·ha−1 N. Magnesium and iron leaf content, and N root content were significantly improved by the application of 120 kg·ha−1 N. Leaf harvest percentage did not have a significant effect on leaf yield or leaf and root mineral content. However, dry root weight was significantly reduced by the 50% leaf harvest. Leaf harvest at 30% or 50% increased total protein content of the roots of beetroot, whereas an increase in N application decreased concentration of total proteins. Results demonstrate that leaf and root yield, as well as magnesium, zinc, and iron leaf content, increased with the application of 120 kg·ha−1 N, whereas 30% leaf harvest did not negatively affect root yield.

scholarly journals Production and quality of melon hybrid Mandacaru irrigated with different levels of salinity

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damiana Cleuma de Medeiros ◽  
José Francismar de Medeiros ◽  
Francisco Aécio de L Pereira ◽  
Sonally Cristina de M Silva ◽  
Maria das Graças Amâncio
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Salinity Level ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Solids Content

Among the problems faced by the melon crop in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, northeastern Brazil, the effect of water and soil salinity is considered one of the key factors to limit fruit production and quality. The aim of this work was to study the effects of using irrigation waters with different salinity levels on yield and quality of fruits of the yellow melon hybrid Mandacaru. A randomized complete block design was used with five treatments (irrigation water salt concentrations: 0.54, 1.48, 2.02, 3.03, 3.9 dS m-1) and four replications. The effects of these concentrations were evaluated through, number of marketable fruits per plant, marketable and total fruit yield, average marketable fruit mass, soluble solids content and pulp firmness. Increment in water salinity level negatively influenced crop yield. The 3.9 dS m-1 salinity level caused yield losses of 20.31%, due to the reduction of fruit number per plant. The highest soluble solid content and the highest pulp firmness values were estimated to occur at salinity levels 2.09 and 3.5 dS m-1, respectively.

scholarly journals Quality of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Due to Grafting in Solanaceae of Different Species

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
João Lucas Moraes Vieira ◽  
Rogério Eiji Hanada
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Tomato Cultivar ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Four Blocks

The present work had as objective to evaluate the physical-chemical characteristics of commercial tomato fruits grafted on different solanaceous species. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in a randomized complete block design, with four blocks and six treatments, being the rootstocks: cocona (Solanum sessiliflorum); two cultivars of eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum), Long Light Green and Big Hill; jurubebão (Solanum lycocarpum) and jurubeba juna (Solanum stramonifolium), grafted with the tomato cultivar Santa Cruz Kada, and the control treatment was represented by the self-grafted tomato. Three consecutive harvests were spaced seven days after the production stabilization, and the characteristics fruits analyzed were Total Soluble Solids (ºBrix), pH, Titratable Acidity (percentage of citric acid) and TSS/TA. A statistically significant difference was found in the Tukey’s test at 5% probability in the titratable acidity, pH and fruit pulp flavor, among the evaluated treatments, while the soluble solids content did not differ between treatments in any of the harvests, but the values remained within the considered adequate for the tomato in natura in the current literature. There was a decrease in fruit flavor in all treatments, and fruit pH drop in all treatments with the exception of jurubebão, with the advancement of plant age, while the titratable acidity had an inverse behavior. The evaluated rootstocks can be used in the tomato crop, without prejudice to the quality of the tomato fruit produced.

scholarly journals Melon fruit yield and quality as a function of doses and times of biostimulant application

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e130973911
Author(s):  
Roberto Cleiton Fernandes de Queiroga ◽  
Zaqueu Lopes da Silva ◽  
Odair Honorato Oliveira de ◽  
Elidayane da Nóbrega Santos ◽  
Higínio Luan Oliveira Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Application Time ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Fruit Mass

The objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity and quality of melon fruits as a function of the dose and time of application of biostimulant in the conditions of the semi-arid region of Paraíba. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Campina Grande, campus of Pombal - PB, Brazil, in a randomized block design in a 4 x 5 split plot scheme, with doses of biostimulant (0; 0.5; 1.0; 1, 5 and 2.0 L ha-1) and in the subset of the biostimulant application times (15; 20; 25 and 30 days before harvest - DAC), in four replications. Characteristics related to fruit production and quality were evaluated. There was no interaction between the factors of dose and application time of the biostimulant in any of the evaluated characteristics. Thus, the highest estimated values of number of fruits per plant, fruit mass and total melon production were obtained with the application of doses ranging from 0.9 to 1.5 L ha-1 and at the time of application it varied from 22,5 to 23.6 DAC. The content of soluble solids increased 5.5% when the biostimulant dose of 2.0 L ha-1 was used and 4.4% when the product was applied 15 days before harvest.

scholarly journals Productivity, quality of fruits and architecture of Jalapeño pepper at different planting densities

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-337
Author(s):  
Carlos Francisco Ragassi ◽  
Juliana Zucolotto ◽  
Lucas M Gomes ◽  
Cláudia SC Ribeiro ◽  
Nuno Rodrigo Madeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Total Titratable Acidity ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Increase In Productivity

ABSTRACT Mechanizing the harvest of Jalapeño pepper involves changes in the production system. Spacings between plants in rows (10 to 40 cm; 60 cm fixed between rows) were evaluated in relation to plant architecture, productivity and fruit quality of cultivar BRS Sarakura during three years, in a randomized complete block design with five replicates. Productivity (41.9 to 78.8 t ha-1) and plant height (40.1 to 47.3 cm) responded linearly to density; on the other hand, productivity per plant responded negatively (0.48 to 1.04 kg plant-1). The stem first bifurcation height was little influenced. Fruit chemical analyses were carried out in the second year of the experiment; spacing significantly influenced pH (5.36 to 4.84), total titratable acidity (TTA) (0.48 to 0.36%) and total soluble solids (TSS)/TTA ratio (11.5 to 15.6); no influence on TSS (5.65%) was noticed, though. The increase of plant population provided an increase in productivity without affecting fruit quality; the highest height of the first bifurcation achieved may not be enough to enable mechanized harvesting of the cultivar BRS Sarakura.

scholarly journals Production and quality of banana ‘BRS Conquista’ bagged with different colored polypropylene bags

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-177
Author(s):  
Rafaelly Calsavara Martins ◽  
Jackson Mirellys Azevêdo Souza ◽  
Marcelo De Souza Silva ◽  
Nathália De Souza Parreiras ◽  
Marcela Sant'Anna Cordeiro da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Mass ◽  
Mass Number ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Maturation Index

Worldwide, the second most traded fruit is banana, which is highly appreciated by Brazilian consumers. Moreover, new technologies have been used to improve fruit quality during cultivation. This study aimed to assess the influence of plastic bag colors on the production and quality of banana ‘BRS Conquista’. The treatments consisted of the use of commercial polypropylene bags e colored white, black, red or blue, in addition to the control (non-bagged). This study used a randomized complete block design with five treatments, four replicates and four plants per plot, totalling 80 plants. The assessments consisted of bunch mass; rachis mass; fruit total mass; mean cluster mass; number of fruits per bunch and per cluster; and fruit length and diameter; along with fruits physicochemical traits, such as soluble solids, titratable acidity, pulp/peel ratio and maturation index. The results indicated that no interference was obtained from the different plastic bag colors in the productive variables. However, a greater content of soluble solids was observed in the non-bagged bunches.

scholarly journals Production and quality of okra produced with mineral and organic fertilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Hemmannuella C. Santos ◽  
Emmanuel M. Pereira ◽  
Rafael L. S. de Medeiros ◽  
Paulo M. de A. Costa ◽  
Walter E. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Organic Compost

ABSTRACT Okra, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench, is a vegetable with annual fruit native to hot regions of Africa, well adapted to the conditions of the Northeast and Southeast regions of Brazil, where it is widely used by small farmers. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mineral and organic fertilization on the production and quality of okra fruits. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design, with three replicates and eleven treatments defined according to a Baconian matrix. Treatments consisted of doses of N (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1), P (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1) and K (0, 80, 160 and 240 kg ha-1), as well as absence and presence of organic compost (30 t ha-1). The following parameters were evaluated: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, production of fruits plant-1, number of fruits plant-1, fruit length and diameter and fruit quality (pH, soluble solids, titratable acidity, vitamin C and electrical conductivity). The crop is demanding in terms of K and N fertilizations, with increments of 15.8 and 36% in the mean number and diameter of fruits, respectively. Organic fertilization did not influence the vegetative growth of okra, but was beneficial to the production of fruits with higher vitamin C content, 52% higher than the contents found in fruits produced without such input.

The Influence of Flexible Film with Releasing Sulfur Dioxide on Quality of 'Vitis labruscana Kyoho' Table Grapes

2012 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 305-311
Author(s):  
Dong Li Li ◽  
Wen Cai Xu ◽  
Zun Zhong Liu ◽  
Ya Bo Fu ◽  
Ya Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Table Grapes ◽  
Vitis Labruscana

An active packaging film (APF1) with releasing low concentration sulfur dioxide (SO2) was tested on quality of ‘vitis labruscana kyoho’ table grape. All samples were stored at 5°C and during the storage period the main quality parameters, weight loss, berries shatter, decay, firmness, total soluble solids content (TSS), total acid (TA, using the PH of grape juice instead of the TA ), Vitamin c (Vc) content were monitored and compared with the control sample unpacked in any film. Results demonstrated that APF1 could reduce water loss of table grapes, prevent it from pathogens infection. The results also showed that APF1 could greatly guarantee a long shelf life for grape. After storage 56 days (storage at 0~5°C), the water loss, berry firmness, TA and Vc content in grapes packaged in APF1 were slowly reduced, TSS was slight increased, percentage of shatter and decayed berries of grapes were 22% and 27%, respectively. The percentage of berries decay of grapes packaged in APF1 was reduced to 5% from 21% for control batches on 11th days. All unpackaged table grapes (control batches) were decayed after 28 days. APF1 would help to preserve quality and extend shelf life of table grapes.

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