Use of delactose whey permeate as a supplement for cattle on a cereal straw based diet

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 833 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Friend ◽  
A. G. Kaiser ◽  
J. W. Piltz ◽  
M. N. Sillence ◽  
S. K. Jolliffe
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Whey Permeate ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Energy Supplement ◽  
Storage Study ◽  
Commercial Farms ◽  
Diet Intake ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
And Storage

The potential use of delactose whey permeate (delac) as an energy supplement for cattle offered low quality roughage was investigated. Young steers (initial liveweight 267 kg) were fed delac at 0, 0.25, 0.5 or 0.75% of liveweight. The steers had ad libitum access to oaten straw and were fed a protein supplement (cottonseed meal) at 1.33 kg/head once daily with the delac. Total intakes increased with increasing levels of delac. During the first half of the experiment, cattle offered delac had higher intakes than those not offered delac, but intake did not differ between delac supplemented groups. Furthermore, liveweight gain did not differ between groups. In the second half of the experiment, intake and liveweight gain increased with increasing level of delac in the diet. Intake of oaten straw over the whole experiment was greater with 0.25% delac than with no delac, but declined at higher levels of delac as animals substituted delac for straw in the diet. A storage study, conducted over 6 weeks, indicated a higher rate of microbial spoilage in delac with a lower solids content, however pH remained low. Calculations, based on the actual liveweight, liveweight gain and feed intake results, indicate that delac has a metabolisable energy content of about 11 MJ/kg DM. These results indicate that delac has potential as an energy supplement for cattle on low quality roughage diets and could be used on commercial farms if composition (especially solids content) is consistent and storage issues are addressed. Further investigations into the use of delac, in combination with low cost nitrogen supplements such as urea, are also recommended.

scholarly journals Studies on the development and storage stability of legume and vegetable based soup powder

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahima Rokhsana ◽  
Rezwana Yeasmin ◽  
Akhter Nahar
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Dietary Proteins ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Storage Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Percent Protein ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Phosphorus Storage

Legumes are important constituents of Bangladeshi diet and provide a considerable portion of dietary proteins, minerals, and vitamins. The ready to eat soup powder prepared from legume and vegetables in the laboratory can provide an improved nutritional status. Incorporating processed rice, corn, and processed wheat flour as the starch source, three different samples of soup powder were prepared. Protein source was derived from legumes and vegetable paste was used as a mineral source. All these three developed formulations have a protein value ranging from 19.00 to 19.40% and calorie content 347 to 353 Kcal/100g (Table 2). Sensory evaluation of the products revealed a reasonable acceptance of the sample prepared from wheat flour. The selected soup powder contains 19.40 percent protein and 350 Kcal of energy per 100g. Commercially available soup powder was compared with all samples in the light of its nutritional values. Protein and energy content of the selected sample is comparable with the commercial one, which contain only 7.77 percent protein and 297 Kcal energy per 100 g. Prepared soup powder is also a good source of carbohydrate and minerals, mainly iron, calcium & phosphorus. Storage study was conducted to determine the shelf life of the developed food product. Statistical analysis shows that there is no significant difference during the storage of the selected soup powder for six months DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v32i3.547Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 32(3) : 451-459, September 2007

HOUSEHOLD WATER BALANCE AND ASSESSMENT OF WATER VOLUME FOR IRRIGATION IN AGRO LANDSCAPES OF THE KYZYLSU-YUZHNAYA BASIN

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
D.KH. DOMULLODZHANOV ◽  
◽  
R. RAHMATILLOEV
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Land Productivity ◽  
Household Water ◽  
And Storage

The article presents the results of the field studies and observations that carried out on the territory of the hilly, low-mountain and foothill agro landscapes of the Kyzylsu-yuzhnaya (Kyzylsu-Southern) River Basin of Tajikistan. Taking into account the high-altitude location of households and the amount of precipitation in the river basin, the annual volumes of water accumulated with the use of low-cost systems of collection and storage of precipitation have been clarified. The amount of water accumulated in the precipitation collection and storage systems has been established, the volume of water used for communal and domestic needs,the watering of livestock and the amount of water that can be used to irrigate crops in the have been determined. Possible areas of irrigation of household plots depending on the different availability of precipitation have been determined. It has been established that in wet years (with precipitation of about 10%) the amount of water collected using drip irrigation will be sufficient for irrigation of 0.13 hectares, and in dry years (with 90% of precipitation) it will be possible to irrigate only 0.03 ha of the household plot. On the basis of the basin, the total area of irrigation in wet years can be 4497 ha, and in dry years only 1087 ha. Taking into account the forecasts of population growth by 2030 and an increase in the number of households, the total area of irrigation of farmlands in wet years may reach 5703 hectares,and in dry years – 1379 hectares. Growing crops on household plots under irrigation contributes to a significant increase in land productivity and increases the efficiency of water use of the Kyzylsu-yuzhnaya basin.

Feasibility of cereal straw for industrial utilization in Minnesota

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.C. Wagner ◽  
S. Ramaswamy ◽  
U. Tschirner
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cereal Straw ◽  
Industrial Utilization ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
On Farm ◽  
And Storage

AbstractA pre-economic feasibility study was undertaken to determine the potential of cereal straw for industrial utilization in Minnesota. Specifically, utilizing straw for pulp and paper manufacture was of interest. The availability of cereal straw fiber supplies at various locations across the state of Minnesota, along with pre-processing issues such as transportation, harvesting, handling, and storage, are discussed and priced. The greatest economic advantage of straw for industrial use appears to be the low cost of the raw material compared to traditional raw materials. This also provides an excellent opportunity for additional income for farmers. The methodology and information provided here should be helpful in evaluating the feasibility of utilizing straw for other industrial purposes in other parts of the world. However, in some Third World countries, long-standing on-farm, traditional uses of cereal straws for fuel, fiber, and animal feed may limit their availability for industrial utilization.

scholarly journals Rapid iodine capture from radioactive wastewater by green and low-cost biomass waste derived porous silicon–carbon composite

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 5268-5275
Author(s):  
Guiyang Qu ◽  
Ying Han ◽  
Junjun Qi ◽  
Xinyue Xing ◽  
Minjie Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Radioactive Iodine ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Nuclear Waste Storage ◽  
Waste Storage ◽  
Silicon Carbon ◽  
Radioactive Wastewater ◽  
And Storage

The effective and safe capture and storage of radioactive iodine (129I or 131I) are of significant importance during nuclear waste storage and nuclear energy generation.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF BTEX IN ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES: DEVELOPMENT AND PROTECTION OF TECHNOLOGIES AND ANALYTICAL METHODS

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (31) ◽  
pp. 431-439
Author(s):  
Helilma de Andréa PINHEIRO ◽  
Ana Paula Mota FERREIRA ◽  
Ismael Carlos Braga ALVES ◽  
Antônio Fernandes SANTOS JÚNIOR ◽  
Raquel Bezerra dos Santos SAWCZUK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The United States ◽  
Operational Control ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Chromatographic Techniques ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
And Storage

The contamination of water and soil by petroleum hydrocarbons is reported quite frequently, mainly due to accidents involving transport and storage of fuels. Among the most toxic compounds the most volatile benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX). Residues of these compounds can cause serious environmental and public health troubles. Thus, more sensitive, selective and low-cost techniques, focused on the analysis and monitoring of these contaminants are being developed in order to establish operational control and to comply with local laws, but the intellectual property of such technologies is still unknown. The present study shows the panorama about patents, thesis and dissertations which have been already published on this theme. Together, the United States and China hold the largest number of patents, and most of thesis/dissertations describe methodologies for BTEX detection in water, although numerous environmental problems caused by oils in the soil had been reported. Also, the methods based on chromatographic techniques stand out in relation to the other techniques. It was possible to verify important advances in the field of sensors, especially the electrochemical ones, in order to solve the analytical gaps.

scholarly journals Demonstrating control of forage allowance for beef cattle grazing Campos grassland in Uruguay to improve system productivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Do Carmo ◽  
Gerónimo Cardozo ◽  
Martín Jaurena ◽  
Pablo Soca
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
Commercial Farms ◽  
Forage Intake ◽  
Energy Supplementation ◽  
Cattle Systems ◽  
Physical Output

While low-cost technology can be applied within beef cattle systems to improve economic output and decrease economic risk, methodologies to increase adoption by farmers deserve attention. Here we report 4 case studies where low-cost, high-impact technology was applied on commercial farms in an endeavor to demonstrate increased physical output in what we describe as 'Producer Demonstration Sites'. Forage allowance (FA) affects forage growth, forage intake by animals and energy partitioning to maintenance or production. We decided to demonstrate the benefits to production from controlling forage allowance at specific recommended levels. While we focused on FA, other management tools, e.g. suckling restriction and energy supplementation of cows prior to breeding, were tested in different contexts and time periods to improve the critical responses mentioned. While increases in production from 3 of the farms were demonstrated, only 2 of the farmers showed interest in implementing the strategies on their farms subsequently. We conclude that control of forage allowance improved energy intake. For this approach to be successful and increase adoption, it is important to involve the farmers in discussions regarding the proposed changes from the outset as well as the monitoring of progress during the demonstration.

Effect of various treatments on consolidation of oil sands fluid fine tailings

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 1059-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ward Wilson ◽  
Louis K. Kabwe ◽  
Nicholas A. Beier ◽  
J. Don Scott
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Large Strain ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Fine Tailings ◽  
Fluid Fine Tailings ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
And Storage

Regulatory policy and regulations in Alberta require oil sands companies to reduce their production and storage of fluid fine tailings by creating deposits that can be reclaimed in a timely manner. To meet the regulatory requirements, some companies are adding flocculants to the fluid fine tailings and then using thickeners, inline flocculation or centrifuges to increase the solids content. Freeze–thaw and drying processes are then used to further dewater the tailings. The effects of flocculating, thickening, and freeze–thaw treatments were investigated by performing large-strain consolidation and shear strength tests on these treated fluid fine tailings. The consolidation and shear strength results were then compared with those of untreated fluid fine tailings. All of the treatments increased the hydraulic conductivity of the fluid fine tailings to some degree, but had little to no effect on the compressibility and shear strength. The effects of the treatment processes are discussed and evaluated.

Influence of nanoparticles on the polymer-conditioned dewatering of wastewater sludges

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 2117-2123
Author(s):  
N. J. Boyle ◽  
G. M. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Sludge Dewatering ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
The Impact

The effect of using small-scale, high surface area, nanoparticles to supplement polymer-conditioned wastewater sludge dewatering was investigated. Aerobically digested sludge and waste activated sludge sourced from the Hunter Valley, NSW, Australia, were tested with titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The sludge samples were dosed with the nanoparticles in an attempt to adsorb a component of the charged biopolymer surfactants present naturally in sludge. The sludge was conditioned with a cationic polymer. The dewatering characteristics were assessed by measuring the specific resistance to filtration through a modified time-to-filter testing apparatus. The solids content of the dosed samples was determined by a mass balance and compared to the original solids content in the activated sludge. Test results indicated that nanoparticle addition modified the structure of the sludge and provided benefits in terms of the dewatering rate. The samples dosed with nanoparticles exhibited faster water removal, indicating a more permeable filter cake and hence more permeable sludge. A concentration of 2–4% nanoparticles was required to achieve a noticeable benefit. As a comparison, the sludge samples were also tested with a larger particle size, powdered activated carbon (PAC). It was found that the PAC did provide some minor benefits to sludge dewatering but was outperformed by the nanoparticles. The solids content of the final sludge was increased by a maximum of up to 0.6%. The impact of the order sequence of particles and polymer was also investigated. It was found that nanoparticles added before polymer addition provided the best dewatering performance. This outcome was consistent with current theories and previous research through the literature. An economic analysis was undertaken to confirm the viability of the technology for implementation at a full-scale plant. It was found that, currently, this technology is unlikely to be favourable unless the nanoparticles can be sourced for a low cost.

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