Recognising a climate for sustainability: extension beyond transfer of technology

2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. van de Fliert
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Transfer Of Technology ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Fixed Condition ◽  
Participatory Technology Development

Sustainable agriculture emphasises the fundamental role of the human component in a production system, as opposed to conventional agriculture, which centres on technologies. Therefore, it is characterised by the abilities and behaviours that farmers display, including the knowledge and skills they possess, decision-making processes they apply, and individual and collective actions they take. This has strong implications for extension development and organisation, in that the methodologies applied should be oriented towards enhancing farmer capacities favourable to sustainable agriculture, rather than towards achieving adoption of standardised technologies. These capacities include sound ecological knowledge, observational, analytical and experimental skills, and inclination towards collectivity to allow farmers to make better, informed decisions for location-specific agro-ecosystem management. Extension approaches favouring this type of learning are participatory, experience-based and adaptable. Needs and opportunity assessment, participatory technology development, defining the implications for farmers of the implementation of an innovation, and development of a learning curriculum (first for farmers and then for facilitators) are among the sequential phases for solid extension development for sustainable agriculture. Applying underlying principles of participatory capacity development, rather than fixed, condition-specific models, provides a generic framework for extension development under diverse ecological and socio-cultural settings.

The Role Of UTM In Technology Transfer

1984 ◽  
pp. 7-9
Author(s):  
AKM Moazzem Hussain ◽  
Mohd. Afifi Abdul Mukti
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Transfer Of Technology

Di dalam proses pembangunannya, Malaysia telah mengimport teknologi dengan kadar yang tinggi.Tetapi pemindahan teknologi yang diimport belum lagi mencapai tahap yang diharapkan.Di sini pengarang cuba mengenalpasti fakta yang menghalang pemindahan teknologi dan mencadangkan tugas positif yang dapat dimainkan oleh UTM untuk mengatasi masalah ini.Perkara yang dibincangkan termasuk peringkat pengembangan teknologi, dan penubuhan sebuah pusat teknologi di UTM. In the process of development, Malaysia has been importing technology in massive proportions during the recent years. But it is reported that the extent of transfer of the imported technology to form Malaysia's own technology is far below the target of expectation.In this paper, the authors have tried to identify the problems which are hindering the expected technology transfer and suggested a positive role that UTM can play in overcoming these problems. The different stages in the process of technology development have been discussed and the establishment of a technology centre, in UTM having multifunction activities contributing to the transfer of technology has been emphasized.

Farmers, On-farm Research and the Development of New Technology

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sumberg ◽  
C. Okali
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Alley Farming ◽  
Farm Family ◽  
Participatory Technology Development ◽  
On Farm

SUMMARYMost commonly, on-farm research has sought to validate and demonstrate technologies developed under controlled experimental conditions. It is argued here that on-farm research has a role in all stages of technology development, and that methodologies and objectives transplanted from the research station are inappropriate, particularly given the restrictions they impose on farmers' capacity to experiment with new technology. Drawing on experience with alley farming in W. Africa, it is shown how the farm and farm family can be incorporated fully throughout the process of technology development. The example is used to clarify the role of researchers in participatory technology development.

scholarly journals Education for sustainable agriculture: the old and new curricula for agricultural sciences in South African schools

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moraig Peden
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
South African ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Curriculum Assessment ◽  
Agricultural Sciences ◽  
Knowledge Requirements ◽  
Policy Statements ◽  
Assessment Requirements ◽  
New Curricula

This article explores the support given to Education for Sustainable Agriculture (ESA) bythe South African Agricultural Sciences school curricula. It compares two post-apartheidcurricula: the current Curriculum Assessment Policy Statements (CAPS) and the phased-outNational Curriculum Statement (NCS) for Agricultural Sciences in terms of content,knowledge requirements, cognitive processes and philosophies of education for sustainableagriculture, as well as the role of assessment and the stated purpose of the curricula. Whilethe NCS had a vision of sustainable agriculture and of a progressive curriculum, these aimswere not supported in the detail of the curriculum. The CAPS presents a shift back to moretraditional, discipline-based agriculture, with a detailed curriculum, which provides moresupport for ESA in terms of fundamental ecological knowledge as well as sustainableagriculture strategies. However, the CAPS, has fewer requirements for practical agriculture,higher order learning and engagement with broad socio-economic issues. The paperconcludes with recommendations for supporting ESA, through teacher education andamendments to the assessment requirements.

Aseuk Hatong Antara Seni Berkomunikasi dan Teknologi: Studi Fenomenologi tentang Budaya Bertani Ladang Masyarakat Tatar Karang Priangan Kabupaten Tasikmalaya

Metahumaniora ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 332
Author(s):  
Samson CMS
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Musical Aesthetics ◽  
Research Show

ABSTRAKTidak mampunya kita mendalami pengetahuan asli kita sendiri mengakibatkanterjadinya disharmoni teknologi dengan kebutuhan di lapangan, tidak terkecuali TeknologiTepat Guna (TTG) dalam pertanian ladang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahuiperanan Aseuk Hatong dalam tradisi pertanian ladang di masyarakat Tatar Karang PrianganKabupaten Tasikmalaya yang religius Islami, tapi masih mempertahankan tradisi tersebut.Metode penelitian ini menggunakan studi fenomenologi Schutz. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa 1) Seni berkomunikasi: (kakawihan) dalam tradisi Aseuk Hatong adalah upayaharmonisasi antara petani dengan alam yang sedang kemarau melalui senandung ringan yangkontekstual. 2) Teknologi Tani: (Aseuk Hatong) adalah suatu alat untuk mengolah untuk tanahladang pada musim kemarau yang dibalut dengan estetika musikal sederhana khas petaniladang, hasil pengembangan teknologi yang tepat guna, menyenangkan, inovatif, fungsional,terjangkau, murah, dan ramah lingkungan. Dengan demikian, dapat dirumuskan bahwa TradisiAseuk Hatong di Tatar Karang Priangan merupakan media persuasif bertani di kala ngahuma(berladang) tidak dibarengi musim penghujan. Tradisi Aseuk Hatong juga merupakanpengembangan teknologi yang sangat memperhitungkan kearifan lokal yang berlaku.Kata kunci: aseuk hatong, kawih, komunikasi seni, teknologi tani, pertanian ladangABST RACTOur inability to deepen our own original knowledge results in disharmony of technologywith the needs in the field, including the Appropriate Technology (TTG) in agriculture. It istherefore that in any development it is often not harmonious with the needs of society. Theobjective of the research is to know the role of Aseuk Hatong in the agricultural tradition in theTatar Karang Priangan community of Tasikmalaya Regency whicht is religiously Islamic yetstill maintains the tradition. The research method is Schutz phenomenology study. The resultsof research show that (1) the art of communicating (kakawihan) in Aseuk Hatong tradition isa harmonious effort between farmers and the dry nature through mild, contextual humming.(2) Farm technology (Aseuk Hatong)is a tool to cultivate the soil, plowing the fields during thedry season by wrapping with simple typical musical aesthetics of field farmers as the resultsof appropriate technology development, fun, innovative, functional, affordable, cheap, andenvironmentally friendly. As the conclusion, it can be said that Aseuk Hatong Tradition in TatarKarang Priangan as a persuasive media farming during ngahuma (farming) not accompaniedby rainy season is a technology development that takes into account local wisdom occur.Keywords: aseuk hatong, kawih, art communication, farming technology

History and Transport Policy

Transfers ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ueli Haefeli ◽  
Fritz Kobi ◽  
Ulrich Seewer
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Transport Policy ◽  
Science And Policy ◽  
Direct Knowledge ◽  
Academic System ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Policy And Planning ◽  
Policy Solutions ◽  
Do So

Based on analysis of two case studies in the Canton of Bern, this article examines the question of knowledge transfer from history to transport policy and planning in the recent past in Switzerland. It shows that for several reasons, direct knowledge transfer did not occur. In particular, historians have seldom become actively involved in transport planning and policy discourses, probably partly because the academic system offers no incentive to do so. However, historical knowledge has certainly influenced decision-making processes indirectly, via personal reflection of the actors in the world of practice or through Switzerland's strongly developed modes of political participation. Because the potential for knowledge transfer to contribute to better policy solutions has not been fully utilized, we recommend strengthening the role of existing interfaces between science and policy.

POLÍTICAS DE ESCALA E A CONFORMAÇÃO DE ESTRATÉGIAS-REDE DAS AÇÕES COLETIVAS NO ESPAÇO SISALEIRO DA BAHIA

GEOgraphia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (41) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Agripino Souza Coelho Neto
Keyword(s):  
Political Action ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Spatial Behavior ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
Collective Behaviors ◽  
Rural Workers ◽  
Scale Levels ◽  
Scale Network ◽  
Comme Point

Resumo: O presente texto pretende analisar o papel das ações coletivas (associações, cooperativas e sindicatos de agricultores) no acionamento e na ativação das escalas geográficas para o desenvolvimento de suas atividades. O estudo foi realizado no Espaço Sisaleiro da Bahia (Brasil), onde um conjunto significativo de associações e cooperativas de agricultores e sindicatos de trabalhadores rurais tem se organizado em torno das escalas espaciais para viabilizar sua ação político-institucional e econômico-produtiva. A ação desses coletivos organizados em rede tem permitido a conformação e o fortalecimento de novas escalas de ação política, como no caso da criação do conselho territorial para viabilização da implantação de políticas de governo. Cooperativas, associações e sindicatos se apoiam nas escalas para compor organizações em diferentes níveis escalares (escala local, escala regional, escala do estado federado e escala nacional), buscando fortalecer seus propósitos e ampliar seu poder de barganha e influência. Analisando o comportamento espacial dessas variadas modalidades de ações coletivas, é possível considerar que elas desenvolvem políticas de escala, ou seja, a escala passa a significar muito mais que uma categoria de análise, mas se torna uma categoria da prática social e política. Nesse sentido, parte-se do pressuposto de que os grupos humanos produzem e tornam efetivas suas próprias escalas visando a alcançar suas metas e organizar seus comportamentos coletivos. Palavras-chave: Escala. Rede. Cooperativismo. Associativismo. Sindicalismo. Espaço Sisaleiro da Bahia. SCALE POLICIES AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF NETWORK STRATEGIES OF COLLECTIVE ACTIONS IN THE SISAL REGION OF BAHIA (BRAZIL)Abstract: This paper aims to analyze the role of collective initiatives of associations, cooperatives and farmers’ unions in the mobilization and activation of geographical scales for the development of their activities. The study was conducted in the Sisal Region of Bahia (Brazil), where a significant number of farmers associations and cooperatives and rural workers’ unions have been organizing their actions around spatial scales to enable their political-institutional and economic-productive influence. The gathering and action of these organized groups in a network have allowed the establishment and strengthening of new scales of political action, as seem in the case of the creation of a territorial council to facilitate the implementation of government policies. Cooperatives, associations, and unions rely on scales to form organizations at different scale levels (local, regional, federal and national scales), seeking to strengthen their performance and increase their bargaining power and influence. After analyzing the spatial behavior of these various forms of collective actions, it’s reasonable to say that they develop scale policies, which means the scale becomes more than a category of analysis, but also a category of social and political practice. In this sense, it’s assumed that human groups produce and utilize the scales in order to reach their goals and organize their own collective behaviors. Keywords: Scale. Network. Cooperativism. Associativism. Syndicalism. Sisal Region of Bahia. POLITIQUES D’ÉCHELLE ET FORMATION DES STRATÉGIES-RÉSEAU DES ACTIONS COLLECTIVES DANS LA RÉGION DU SISAL DE L’ÉTAT DE BAHIA Resumé: Cet article analyse le rôle des actions collectives (associations, coopératives et syndicats d’agriculteurs) dans la prise en compte et l’utilisation des échelles géographiques pour le développement de leurs activités. L’étude a été menée dans la région du sisal à Bahia (Brésil), où un ensemble important d’associations et de coopératives d’agriculteurs et de syndicats de travailleurs ruraux se sont organisés autour d’échelles spatiales pour que puisse être mise en place leur action politique et institutionnelle, économique et productive. L’action de ces groupements organisés en réseaux a permis la conformation et le renforcement de nouvelles échelles d’action politique, comme lors de la création du conseil territorial, pour permettre la mise en œuvre des politiques gouvernementales. Les coopératives, les associations et les syndicats prennent les échelles comme point de départ pour former des organisations à différents niveaux scalaires (échelle locale, échelle régionale, échelle fédérée et échelle nationale), dans le but de renforcer leurs objectifs et d’accroître leur pouvoir de négociation et d’influence. Si nous analysons le comportement spatial de ces diverses formes d’action collective il est possible de considérer qu’ils développent des politiques d’échelle, à savoir l’échelle vient signifier bien plus qu’une catégorie d’analyse, puisqu’elle devient une catégorie de la pratique sociale et politique. En ce sens, on suppose que les groupes humains produisent et rendent efficaces leurs propres échelles pour atteindre leurs objectifs et organiser leurs comportements collectifs. Mots-clés: Échelle. Réseau. Coopérativisme. Associations. Syndicalisme. Région du sisal de l’État de Bahia.

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