Long-term ditch-buried straw return alters soil carbon sequestration, nitrogen availability and grain production in a rice–wheat rotation system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silong Zhai ◽  
Chaofan Xu ◽  
Yongcheng Wu ◽  
Jian Liu ◽  
Yali Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Soil Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Rotation System ◽  
Straw Return

Soil carbon sequestration through crops rotation in a Mediterranean Cambisols: measurement and modelling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Balugani ◽  
Martina Maines ◽  
Denis Zannoni ◽  
Alessandro Buscaroli ◽  
Diego Marazza
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Soil Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Sequestration Potential ◽  
Rothc Model ◽  
Periodic Fluctuations

<p>Soil carbon sequestration (SCS) has been identified by the IPCC as one of the most promising and cheap methodology to reduce atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>. Moreover, an increase in soil organic carbon (SOC) levels improves soil quality by increasing soil structure (and, hence, resistance to erosion) and promoting soil ecosystems services like water retention, productivity, and biodiversity. Various agricultural techniques are available to increase SOC; among them, crop rotation can improve SOC through soil coverage, changes in water regimes, increase in both carbon inputs, and increase in soil aggregates formation.</p><p>SOC dynamic models, such as RothC, have been suggested by the IPCC as a way to evaluate the SCS potentials of different soils. Such models could also be used to evaluate the sequestration potential of different agricultural practices. Moreover RothC allows to estimate the time within which the SOC variation, due to a certain agronomic management, can be considered significant as measurable above a threshold value.</p><p>In this study, we evaluated the SOC changes for different crop rotations through direct measurements and RothC modelling, with the objective of: (a) estimating their SCS potential, and (b) propose a robust monitoring methodology for SCS practices. We performed the study in an agricultural field close to Ravenna (Italy) characterized by Cambisols and humid subtropical climate. Soil carbon content was assessed before the setup of the crop rotation, and after 3 years of rotation. A RothC model was calibrated with field data, and used to estimate SOC dynamics to 50 years, in order to assess long-term SCS. The model results were also used to assess the best methodology to estimate the SOC variation significance.</p><p>The measured SOC was similar to the equilibrium SOC predicted by the RothC model, on average, for the crop rotations. The measurements showed that the SOC, already low at the beginning of the experiment, further decreased due to the crop rotation practice. Of those tested, the best for SCS involves the following crops: corn, soybeans, wheat on tilled soil, and soybeans; while the worst is with corn, wheat on tilled soil, and wheat on untilled soil. However, the SOC variations predicted by RothC for the various rotations were too small to be observable in the field during experimentation. This could be due both to the uncertainty associated with SOC sampling and analysis, and to the short duration of the experiment. The moving average computations on the simulation values allowed us to assess the time required to measure the long-term trend of SOC variation as significant with respect to the environmental background, instrumental error, and SOC periodic fluctuations. That time was estimated to range from 8 to 50 years, changing depending on the rotation type. Periodic fluctuations in SOC should be carefully considered in a monitoring protocol to assess SCS.</p>

Measuring and Modeling the Long-Term Impact of Crop Management on Soil Carbon Sequestration in the Semiarid Canadian Prairies

2015 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 1141-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Congreves ◽  
B. B. Grant ◽  
C. A. Campbell ◽  
W. N. Smith ◽  
A. J. VandenBygaart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Soil Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Long Term Impact

scholarly journals Effects of Temporal Variation in Long-Term Cultivation on Organic Carbon Sequestration in Calcareous Soils: Nile Delta, Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4514
Author(s):  
Manal Alnaimy ◽  
Martina Zelenakova ◽  
Zuzana Vranayova ◽  
Mohamed Abu-Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Soil Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Virgin Soil ◽  
Logarithmic Curve ◽  
Sequestration Potential

Soil carbon sequestration is a riskier long-term strategy for climate mitigation than direct emissions reduction, but it plays a main role in closing carbon emission gaps. Effects of long-term cultivation on soil carbon sequestration were studied at the western edge of the Nile Delta near Alexandria, Egypt. Seven agricultural fields of different ages (0–50 years in use) were selected and compared with the surrounding desert (virgin soil) and desert shrub-land. Samples were taken at three horizons, 0–30, 30–60, and 60–90 cm, and tested for differences in physical and chemical properties. The results of long-term cultivation reveal that the European Commission (EC) value was 11.77 dS/m in virgin soil, while the EC values decreased to 5.82, 4.23, 3.74, 2.40, and 2.26 dS/m after 5, 10, 20, 30, and 50 years of cultivation, respectively. The calcareous rock fraction smaller than 50 μm in size revealed another phenomenon, where active calcium carbonate content increased with cultivation practices from 1.15% (virgin soil) to 5.42%, 6.47%, 8.38%, and 10.13% after 5, 10, 20, and 30 years of cultivation, respectively, while shrub-land also showed a low amount of active CaCO3 with 1.38%. In fifty years of cultivation, soil bulk density decreased significantly from 1.67 to 1.11 g/cm3, and it decreased to 1.65, 1.44, 1.40, and 1.25 g/cm3 after 5, 10, 20, and 30 years, respectively. These results reveal that the increase in soil carbon stock in the upper 90 cm amounted to 41.02 t C/ha after five years of cultivation, compared to virgin soil with 13.47 t C/ha. Soil carbon levels increased steeply during the five years of cultivation, with an average rate of 8.20 t C/ha per year in the upper 90 cm. After the first five years of cultivation, the carbon sequestration rate slowed, reaching 4.68, 3.77, 2.58, and 1.93 t C/ha per year after 10, 20, 30, and 50 years, respectively, resulting in sequestration-potential values of 46.78, 75.63, 77.43, and 96.45 t C/ha. These results indicate that potential soil carbon sequestration resembles a logarithmic curve until the equilibrium state between carbon application and decomposition by microorganisms is reached.

Soil carbon sequestration to depth in response to long-term phosphorus fertilization of grazed pasture

Geoderma ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 338 ◽  
pp. 226-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Coonan ◽  
Alan E. Richardson ◽  
Clive A. Kirkby ◽  
John A. Kirkegaard ◽  
Martin R. Amidy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Soil Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Grazed Pasture
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