Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alleviate low-temperature stress and increase freezing resistance as a substitute for acclimation treatment in barley

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roghieh Hajiboland ◽  
Arshad Joudmand ◽  
Nasser Aliasgharzad ◽  
Roser Tolrá ◽  
Charlotte Poschenrieder
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Acclimation Treatment

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is cultivated globally under a wide range of climatic conditions and is subjected to chilling and freezing stresses under temperate and cold climatic conditions. As a mycorrhizal crop, barley may benefit from this association for increasing cold resistance. In order to investigate the effects of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on cold-stress resistance in barley plants, one winter and one spring cultivar were grown under control (25°C day, 17°C night) and low, non-freezing (LT: 5°C day, 3°C night) temperatures for 3 weeks in the absence (−AMF) or presence (+AMF) of two species of AMF, Glomus versiforme and Rhizophagus irregularis. In addition, the influence of LT (as an acclimation treatment) was studied on plant survival after a 2-day exposure to freezing temperature (FT: −5°C in dark). Biomass production, membrane integrity and survival rate of plants indicated that the winter cultivar was more tolerant than the spring cultivar. Inoculation with AMF resulted in improved growth, photosynthesis, osmotic and water homeostasis, and potassium uptake under both control and LT conditions, whereas the effect on membrane integrity, antioxidative defence and phenolics metabolism was mainly observed in LT plants. AMF inoculation substituted partially or completely for acclimation treatment and increased the survival rate of FT plants, with the highest survival achieved in a combination of AMF and LT. Mycorrhizal responsiveness was higher in LT plants. Despite the lower AMF colonisation, G. versiforme was often more effective than R. irregularis for the alleviation of low temperature stress in both cultivars, whereas R. irregularis was more effective in increasing the survival rate. Our data suggest that the right combination of fungus species and host-plant cultivar is important for successful utilisation of AMF under cold conditions.

Different respiration metabolism between mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal rice under low-temperature stress: a cry for help from the host

2014 ◽  
Vol 153 (4) ◽  
pp. 602-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. LIU ◽  
Y. LI ◽  
J. WANG ◽  
X. HE ◽  
C. TIAN
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transport ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Transport Pathway ◽  
Expression Of Genes

SUMMARYLow-temperature stress is an important environmental factor that severely disrupts plant respiration but can be alleviated by symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). In the current study, a pot experiment was performed to determine changes in the respiratory metabolic capacity of mycorrhizal rice (Oryza sativa) under low-temperature stress. The results demonstrated that low temperature might accelerate the biosynthesis of strigolactone in mycorrhizal rice roots by triggering the expression of genes for the synthesis of strigolactone, which acted as a host stress response signal. In addition, AMF prompted the host tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle by enhancing pyruvate metabolism, up-regulating the expression of genes of the TCA cycle under low-temperature stress and affecting the electron transport chain. The alternative oxidase pathway might be the main electron transport pathway in non-mycorrhizal rice under stress, while the cytochrome c oxidase (COX) pathway might be the predominant pathway in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Mycorrhizal rice also had higher adenosine triphosphate production to maintain the natural status of respiration under stress conditions, which resulted in improved root growth status and alleviated low-temperature stress.

scholarly journals UTILIZATION OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI IN PRODUCTION OF ALLIUM SPECIES

2018 ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
G. Caruso ◽  
N. A. Golubkina ◽  
Т. M. Seredin ◽  
V. М. Sellitto
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Allium Species

The fundamental direction of modern agriculture development is elaboration and utilization of technologies that ensure environmental safety, high plant productivity and quality of crop production. In this connection, the issues of optimization of mineral nutrition and water supply, immunity enhancement and protection of plants against various forms of biotic and abiotic stresses without significant environmental stress are of current interest. Normal growth and development of almost all plants on the Earth depends on the presence of mycorrhizal fungi in the soil, which ensure optimal plant nutrition and water supply due to the huge number of hyphae. The review discusses the prospects for the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the cultivation of Allium species, as the most responsive plants to the effects of mycorrhizae due to the poorly developed root system that hinders the nutrition of plants. It is noted that utilization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi may provide the reduction of the amount of fertilizers, herbicides and insecticides needed for high productivity of crops. The review deals with the peculiarities of symbiotic interrelations of different species of mycorrhizal fungi (pure and mixed cultures, mainly of the genus Glomus) with different Allium species (onion, garlic, shallot, leek, A. roylei, A. fistulosum, A. galanthum). Questions of agricultural crops quality as affected by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungy are discussed. Data on the effect of climatic conditions on the efficiency of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi utilization in Allium production are discussed. The possibility of increasing the efficiency of biofortification of Allium species with selenium via utilization of arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi is noted, as well as an increase in the content of biologically active sulfur-containing compounds in garlic. Particular attention is paid to the necessity of the development of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi preparations in Russia – the country not using this ecologically friendly technology at present.

ENHANCED TOLERANCE TO LOW TEMPERATURE IN TOBACCO (NICOTIANA TABACUML.) SPRAYED WITH A LOW-TEMPERATURE-RESISTANT AGENT

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIAN-HUA YI ◽  
YUE LI ◽  
ZE-MING DAI ◽  
ZHI-HONG JIA ◽  
WEN-XUAN PU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Effective Component ◽  
Tobacco Growth

SUMMARYLow-temperature stress is an important limiting factor to tobacco growth in early spring of south China. In this study, a low-temperature-resistant agent (LTRA) was employed to examine its ameliorating effect on the inhibition of tobacco growth triggered by low-temperature stress. Results indicated that low-temperature stress of 12 °C for 6 days reduced root number and biomass of tobacco seedling by 27.4% and 24.1%, while treatment with LTRA could recover the inhibitory effect of low-temperature stress on tobacco growth significantly. The content of ascorbic acid and the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase at low-temperature stress were 65.2%, 53.5% and 32.1% of those at normal temperature condition (26 °C), while the corresponding values with LTRA treatment were 89.2%, 88.9% and 74.2%, suggesting that LTRA treatment could enhance the activity of antioxidant enzyme and the synthesis of antioxidant compounds. Low-temperature stress increased the membrane permeability by 84.8%, while LTRA treatment recovered it by 77.4%. Furthermore, LTRA treatment contributed to increase chlorophyll synthesis and maintain the integrity of tobacco leaf structure. Effective component analysis indicated that the complex of ammonium calcium nitrate and glycine betaine was the main effective component of LTRA in maintaining membrane integrity. Its effective concentration was 1.0 g L−1. The above results suggested that LTRA could enhance the synthesis of chlorophyll, activate the activity of antioxidant enzyme, maintain the integrity of cell membrane, and thus elevate the tolerance of tobacco seedlings to low-temperature stress.

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation on osmoregulation and antioxidant responses of blueberry plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Le Tu ◽  
Xiao-Min Liu ◽  
Jia-Xin Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Vaccinium Ashei ◽  
Antioxidant Responses ◽  
Antioxidant Content ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation

Effects of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, Glomus mosseae, G. intraradices, and G. etunicatum, on plant growth, antioxidant content, osmoregulation, and nutrition were investigated in ‘Premier’ blueberry (Vaccinium ashei) plants exposed to low-temperature stress. Low temperature decreased mycorrhizal colonization, growth, levels of leaf soluble sugar, ascorbic acid (ASA) and root viability. However, at low temperatures, levels of leaf superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were found to increase, accompanied by increases in levels of ASA, malondialdehyde (MDA), and proline. G. mosseae especially, significantly increased levels of SOD, POD, CAT and ASA, but decreased levels of MDA in plants. AM-inoculated plants had higher contents of proline, soluble sugar, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium than non-AM-inoculated plants, especially in the G. mosseae-inoculated plants. These results indicate that G. mosseae has the potential to enhance resistance of ‘Premier’ blueberry plants against low-temperature stress through improving antioxidant content, osmotic adjustment and mineral nutrition.

scholarly journals Different Genes Express Analysis of root crown of alfalfa under low temperature stress

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Wang ◽  
Huiqing Jin ◽  
Kai Meng ◽  
Zhenyu Jia ◽  
Shiyuan Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Winter Survival ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Alfalfa Varieties

Abstract Abstract Background: Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa ) is a perennial forage crop widely cultivated in northern China. The root crown of alfalfa is an important storage organ in the process of wintering, and it is closely related to the winter hardiness of alfalfa. At present, the specific molecular mechanism of response to winter hardiness in alfalfa root crown is unclear. The transcriptome database created by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is widely used to identify the critical genes related to winter hardiness. Results: The transcriptomes of alfalfa varieties, such as “Lomgmu 806” (with high winter survival rate) and “Sardi” (with low winter survival rate) have been sequenced in the study. Among the identified 57,712 unigenes, 2,299 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were up-regulated, and 2,143 unigenes were down-regulated in the Lomgmu 806 vs Sardi root crown. The KEGG pathway annotations showed that 1,159 unigenes were mainly annotated to 116 pathways. Seven DEGs belonging to “plant hormone signaling transduction”, “peroxidase” pathway and transcription factors family (MYB, B3, AP2/ERF, WRKY) genes involved in alfalfa winter hardiness. Among them, the expression patterns of seven DEGs were verified by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analyses, which verified the reliable results of transcriptome sequencing analyses. Conclusions: RNA-Seq was used to discover genes associated with the wintering differences between alfalfa varieties. The transcriptome data showed that the gene regulation response of alfalfa to low temperature stress, which provides a valuable resource for further identification and functional analysis of candidate genes for winter hardiness of alfalfa. In addition, these data provide references for future study of genetic breeding and winter hardiness in alfalfa.

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