Identification of new resistance sources to powdery mildew, and the genetic characterisation of resistance in three common bean genotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 1006
Author(s):  
Ester Murube ◽  
Ana Campa ◽  
Juan José Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Total Resistance ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Resistance Sources ◽  
Resistance Tests

Powdery mildew (PM) is a devastating disease of many legume species, including common bean. In this work, we assessed the responses of 108 dry and snap bean accessions to PM, and characterised the genetic control of the resistance in three bean genotypes. Resistance tests under controlled conditions led to the identification of 11 dry bean accessions with total resistance. However, no snap bean accessions showed total resistance, although two cultivars showed mixed phenotypes including seedlings with total resistance. The inheritance of resistance was analysed in three F2:3 populations involving the resistant bean genotypes BelNeb, G19833 and BGE003161. In the three populations, the segregation for PM resistance fit the expected ratio for one dominant gene. The resistance loci were mapped to the beginning of the linkage group Pv04. The physical positions of the flanking markers indicated that the three resistance genes were located between the physical positions 0 and 1.09 Mb. This work provides new PM-resistance sources and markers linked to resistance genes, which will be very useful in common bean breeding programs focussed on protecting bean crops against this disease.

scholarly journals Identification of Race-Specific Resistance in North American Vitis spp. Limiting Erysiphe necator Hyphal Growth

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Ramming ◽  
Franka Gabler ◽  
Joseph L. Smilanick ◽  
Dennis A. Margosan ◽  
Molly Cadle-Davidson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Erysiphe Necator ◽  
Vitis Rotundifolia ◽  
Resistance Sources

Race-specific resistance against powdery mildews is well documented in small grains but, in other crops such as grapevine, controlled analysis of host–pathogen interactions on resistant plants is uncommon. In the current study, we attempted to confirm powdery mildew resistance phenotypes through vineyard, greenhouse, and in vitro inoculations for test cross-mapping populations for two resistance sources: (i) a complex hybrid breeding line, ‘Bloodworth 81-107-11', of at least Vitis rotundifolia, V. vinifera, V. berlandieri, V. rupestris, V. labrusca, and V. aestivalis background; and (ii) Vitis hybrid ‘Tamiami’ of V. aestivalis and V. vinifera origin. Statistical analysis of vineyard resistance data suggested the segregation of two and three race-specific resistance genes from the two sources, respectively. However, in each population, some resistant progeny were susceptible in greenhouse or in vitro screens, which suggested the presence of Erysiphe necator isolates virulent on progeny segregating for one or more resistance genes. Controlled inoculation of resistant and susceptible progeny with a diverse set of E. necator isolates clearly demonstrated the presence of fungal races differentially interacting with race-specific resistance genes, providing proof of race specificity in the grape powdery mildew pathosystem. Consistent with known race-specific resistance mechanisms, both resistance sources were characterized by programmed cell death of host epidermal cells under appressoria, which arrested or slowed hyphal growth; this response was also accompanied by collapse of conidia, germ tubes, appressoria, and secondary hyphae. The observation of prevalent isolates virulent on progeny with multiple race-specific resistance genes before resistance gene deployment has implications for grape breeding strategies. We suggest that grape breeders should characterize the mechanisms of resistance and pyramid multiple resistance genes with different mechanisms for improved durability.

scholarly journals Identification of Clusters that Condition Resistance to Anthracnose in the Common Bean Differential Cultivars AB136 and MDRK

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (12) ◽  
pp. 1515-1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Campa ◽  
Noemí Trabanco ◽  
Juan José Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Genetic Dissection ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Anthracnose Resistance ◽  
Differential Cultivars ◽  
The Common ◽  
Or Genes

The correct identification of the anthracnose resistance systems present in the common bean cultivars AB136 and MDRK is important because both are included in the set of 12 differential cultivars proposed for use in classifying the races of the anthracnose causal agent, Colletrotrichum lindemuthianum. In this work, the responses against seven C. lindemuthianum races were analyzed in a recombinant inbred line population derived from the cross AB136 × MDRK. A genetic linkage map of 100 molecular markers distributed across the 11 bean chromosomes was developed in this population to locate the gene or genes conferring resistance against each race, based on linkage analyses and χ2 tests of independence. The identified anthracnose resistance genes were organized in clusters. Two clusters were found in AB136: one located on linkage group Pv07, which corresponds to the anthracnose resistance cluster Co-5, and the other located at the end of linkage group Pv11, which corresponds to the Co-2 cluster. The presence of resistance genes at the Co-5 cluster in AB136 was validated through an allelism test conducted in the F2 population TU × AB136. The presence of resistance genes at the Co-2 cluster in AB136 was validated through genetic dissection using the F2:3 population ABM3 × MDRK, in which it was directly mapped to a genomic position between 46.01 and 47.77 Mb of chromosome Pv11. In MDRK, two independent clusters were identified: one located on linkage group Pv01, corresponding to the Co-1 cluster, and the second located on LG Pv04, corresponding to the Co-3 cluster. This report enhances the understanding of the race-specific Phaseolus vulgaris–C. lindemuthianum interactions and will be useful in breeding programs.

scholarly journals Breeding Snap Beans for Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) Resistance

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 869C-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip Griffiths*
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
The Core ◽  
Foliar Symptoms ◽  
Cmv Resistance

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is an aphid-transmitted virus that infects snap bean growing regions in New York State and Wisconsin. The core collection of common bean accessions (Phaseolus vulgaris), the complete collection of scarlet runner bean accessions (Phaseolus coccineus) and snap/dry bean cultivars were screened for resistance to CMV. Although variation in foliar symptom expression was observed, no resistance was observed in 93 snap bean and16 dry bean cultivars tested, and only one of the 406 accessions from the core collection (PI 309881) was symptomless. PI 309881 did not have common bean characteristics, and was later identified as a tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius) accession based on morphology and PCR-RFLP of chloroplast DNA. Screening of 260 P. coccineus accessions was inaccurate when a visual rating of foliar symptoms was used. It was necessary to determine infection using ELISA and test plant screening with grey zuccini. Using this approach it was determined that 80 P. coccineus accessions were susceptible to CMV; however, the remaining accessions provided possible sources for transfer of CMV resistance to snap bean. Crosses of P. coccineus accessions were made to breeding line 5-593 and backcrossed to 5-593 and snap bean cultivar `Hystyle'. PI 309881 was crossed with ICA Pijao in order to develop interspecific hybrids. Populations were developed from the interspecific crosses/backcrosses and evaluated for CMV resistance using ELISA and visual ratings of foliar symptoms.

scholarly journals A Codominant Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Marker Useful for Indirect Selection of Bean Golden Mosaic Virus Resistance in Common Bean

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 1035-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Urrea ◽  
Phillip N. Miklas ◽  
James S. Beaver ◽  
Ronald H. Riley
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Codominant Marker ◽  
Bean Golden Mosaic Virus

Bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV) is a devastating disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in tropical America. The disease is effectively controlled by combinations of genetic resistances. The most widely deployed source of resistance to BGMV is a recessive gene (bgm-1) derived from the dry bean landrace cultivar Garrapato (Mexico) that conditions a nonmosaic partial resistance response to the pathogen. To expedite introgression of partial resistance into snap bean for southern Florida and other susceptible dry bean market classes for the Caribbean and Central American regions, a RAPD marker tightly linked to bgm-1 has been identified. Two contrasting DNA bulks, one consisting of five BGMV-resistant and the other five susceptible F6 recombinant inbred lines, were used to screen for polymorphic fragments amplified by 300 decamer primers in the polymerase chain reaction. RAPDs generated between the bulks were analyzed across F2 populations segregating for the marker and the gene. One codominant RAPD marker (R2570/530) tightly linked to the recessive resistance gene bgm-1 was found. The 530-base pair (bp) fragment was linked in repulsion with bgm-1 and the other 570-bp fragment was linked in coupling. No recombinants between R2570/530 and bgm-1 were observed among 91 F2 progeny from one dry bean population, and there were two recombinants (4.2 cM) observed among 48 F2 progeny combined across four snap bean populations. Assays of R2570/530 across susceptible germplasm and lines likely to have the `Garrapato'-derived partial resistance to BGMV have revealed that the codominant marker is gene-pool nonspecific and maintains its original linkage orientation with the recessive bgm-1 gene through numerous meioses. The codominant marker is useful for rapidly introgressing partial resistance to BGMV into susceptible germplasm.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification of Powdery Mildew Resistance in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Papias H. Binagwa ◽  
Sy M. Traore ◽  
Marceline Egnin ◽  
Gregory C. Bernard ◽  
Inocent Ritte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Significant Snps ◽  
Leucine Rich Repeat ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Disease Resistance Protein ◽  
Resistance Protein ◽  
The Common

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been utilized to detect genetic variations related to several agronomic traits and disease resistance in common bean. However, its application in the powdery mildew (PM) disease to identify candidate genes and their location in the common bean genome has not been fully addressed. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping with a BeadChip containing 5398 SNPs was used to detect genetic variations related to PM disease resistance in a panel of 211 genotypes grown under two field conditions for two consecutive years. Significant SNPs identified on chromosomes Pv04 and Pv10 were repeatable, ensuring the phenotypic data’s reliability and the causal relationship. A cluster of resistance genes was revealed on the Pv04 of the common bean genome, coiled-coil-nucleotide-binding site–leucine-rich repeat (CC-NBS-LRR, CNL), and Toll/interleukin-1 receptor-nucleotide-binding site–leucine-rich repeat type (TIR-NBS-LRR, TNL)-like resistance genes were identified. Furthermore, two resistance genes, Phavu_010G1320001g and Phavu_010G136800g, were also identified on Pv10. Further sequence analysis showed that these genes were homologs to the disease-resistance protein (RLM1A-like) and the putative disease-resistance protein (At4g11170.1) in Arabidopsis. Significant SNPs related to two LRR receptor-like kinases (RLK) were only identified on Pv11 in 2018. Many genes encoding the auxin-responsive protein, TIFY10A protein, growth-regulating factor five-like, ubiquitin-like protein, and cell wall RBR3-like protein related to PM disease resistance were identified nearby significant SNPs. These results suggested that the resistance to PM pathogen involves a network of many genes constitutively co-expressed.

scholarly journals Lr39 + Pm21: a new effective combination of resistance genes for leaf rust and powdery mildew in wheat

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pietrusińska ◽  
P.Cz. Czembor ◽  
J.H. Czembor
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Foreground Selection ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
Molecular Selection ◽  
Pathogen Populations ◽  
Resistance Tests ◽  
Selection Of

Two effective resistance genes were introduced, one for leaf rust (Lr39) and the other for powdery mildew (Pm21), into the susceptible German wheat cv. Lexus. Molecular selection of plant material was carried out using closely linked markers to the introduced genes (foreground selection). In addition, for the BC<sub>1</sub>F<sub>1</sub> population, background selection was carried out using AFLP markers that were distributed randomly throughout the wheat genome. Moreover, resistance tests were conducted using natural pathogen populations of Puccinia triticina and Blumeria&nbsp;graminis. The use of molecular markers for foreground selection in combination with pathology tests enabled 66 homozygous lines to be obtained that were simultaneously resistant to leaf rust and powdery mildew.

scholarly journals Characterization of genetic resistance in Andean common bean cultivar Amendoim Cavalo to Colletotrichum lindemuthianum

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Sayuri Yoshida Nanami ◽  
Maria Celeste Gonçalves Vidigal ◽  
Sandra Aparecida de Lima Castro ◽  
Angêlica Albuquerque Tomilhero Frias ◽  
Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
High Contribution ◽  
Allelism Tests ◽  
Common Bean Cultivar ◽  
F2 Generation

The Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. and Magnus) Briosi and Cavara, is one of the most importante fungal disease of common bean. Several strategies have been used for its control, such as the use of pathogen-free seeds, chemical control and crop rotation. However, the most efficient method to control this disease is the use of resistant cultivars. Previous studies conducted by the Laboratory of Common Bean Breeding and Molecular Biology of the Nucleus of Research Applied to Agriculture (Laboratório de Melhoramento de Feijão Comum e de Biologia Molecular do Núcleo de Pesquisa Aplicada à Agricultura-NUPAGRI) revealed that the Andean cultivar Amendoim Cavalo is resistant to races 2, 7, 9, 19, 23, 39, 55, 65, 73, 89, 1545, 2047 and 3481 of C. lindemuthianum. The objective of this work was to characterize the genetic resistance to anthracnose in Amendoim Cavalo using inheritance and allelism tests. The results of inheritance tests in F2 generation of Amendoim Cavalo × PI 207262 cross, inoculated with 2047 race, fitted in a ratio of 3R:1S, proving the action of a single dominant gene in Amendoim Cavalo cultivar. Allelism tests demonstrated that the dominant gene present in Amendoim Cavalo is independent from the genes previously characterized. The authors propose the Co-AC symbol to designate the new resistant gene to C. lindemuthianum. The results show high contribution to breeding programs, once Amendoim Cavalo cultivar can be considered an important Andean source of resistance to C. lindemuthianum.

scholarly journals Sources of resistance to Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens in common bean accessions

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giseli Valentini ◽  
Baldissera ◽  
Fabiani da Rocha ◽  
Carmelice Boff de Almeida ◽  
Joice Crescêncio Heidemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Resistance Sources ◽  
The Mean

The purpose of this study was to identify common bean genotypes resistant to bacterial wilt to be used as resistance sources in breeding programs targeting resistant cultivars. A total of 67 accessions, five cultivars and one control were evaluated, which were artificially inoculated with the Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens isolate Cff 2634. The results prove the existence of alleles that confer tolerance to bacterial wilt in the cultivars IAC Carioca Aruã, IAC Carioca Pyatã and IAC Carioca Tybatã. The mean grades of disease symptoms were lowest in BAF 122 (Xan 159); this accession was identified as disease-tolerant and indicated for use in breeding programs to develop resistant cultivars.

scholarly journals Inheritance of anthracnose resistance in common bean genotypes P.I. 207262 and AB 136

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Gonçalves-Vidigal ◽  
Antônio A. Cardoso ◽  
Clibas Vieira ◽  
Luiz S. Saraiva
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Single Dominant Gene ◽  
Anthracnose Resistance ◽  
Dominant Genes

Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) lines P.I. 207262 and AB 136, both resistant to delta and kappa races of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, were crossed with Michelite, Dark Red Kidney, and Perry Marrow, susceptible to both races, and with Cornell 49-242, resistant to delta and susceptible to kappa. F1 and F2 reactions demonstrated that P.I. 207262 carries duplicate dominant genes for resistance to the delta race; AB 136 carries a dominant gene. These resistance genes are independent of the Are gene from Cornell 49-242. With respect to the kappa race, F1 and F2 data showed that the resistance controlled by P.I. 207262 and by AB 136 depends on a single dominant gene. Complementary factors were involved with AB 136 resistance to the delta race and with P.I. 207262 resistance to kappa.

scholarly journals Allocation of the oat powdery mildew resistance gene Pm3 to oat chromosome 1A

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Mohler
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Consensus Map ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Major Resistance Genes

AbstractBesides the mode of inheritance, the knowledge of the chromosome location and allelic relationships are the essentials towards a successful deployment and stacking of divergent disease resistance genes for a given pathogen in breeding programs. Powdery mildew of oats, to which 11 major resistance genes in the host Avena sativa L. have been characterized so far, is a prevalent fungal disease of the crop in Northwestern Europe. In the present study, the resistance gene Pm3 was mapped by linkage analysis relative to molecular markers from oat consensus linkage group Mrg18 which was recently determined to represent oat chromosome 1A. Pm3 was located at 67.7–72.6 cM on Mrg18 of the oat consensus map, a position at which also stem and crown rust resistance genes Pg13 and Pc91 and a large cluster of resistance gene analogs have been previously mapped. The closely linked marker GMI_ES03_c2277_336 was found to be useful for the prediction of Pm3 in gene postulation studies. Although the major effect of the widespread gene got lost over time, the known genome location with associated markers will assist revealing in future genetic studies whether there is a possible residual effect of the gene contributing to adult plant resistance.

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