Expression of nitrogen transporter genes in roots of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in response to soil drought with contrasting nitrogen supplies

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfeng Duan ◽  
Hui Tian ◽  
Yajun Gao
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Ammonium Transporter ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
N Application ◽  
High Affinity

The expression of nitrate and ammonium transporter genes in the roots of winter wheat in response to drought stress is largely unknown. A greenhouse experiment was established to study the expression of five putative nitrate transporter (NRT) genes (TaNRT2.1, TaNRT2.2, TaNRT2.3, TaNRT1.1, TaNRT1.2) and three ammonium transporter (AMT) genes (TaAMT1.1, TaAMT1.2, TaAMT2.1) in the roots of winter wheat in response to soil drought under conditions of limited nitrogen (N) (no N added) and adequate N (addition of 0.3 g N kg–1 soil). Two wheat genotypes with low and high N-uptake efficiencies were used, and water-stress treatments were applied at the vegetative and reproductive growth stages of wheat. Expression of all of the genes was quantified using real-time reverse transcription PCR. The results indicated that wheat plants growing in the N-adequate soil were more sensitive to drought stress than those growing in the N-limited soil. The response of the expression of the NRT and AMT genes to soil drought largely depends on N application, wheat genotype and growth stage. The expression of the two low-affinity NRT genes (i.e. TaNRT1.1 and TaNRT1.2) in the N-inefficient genotype XY6 was mainly induced by drought stress, but the expression of the two genes in the N-efficient genotype XY107 was repressed by drought stress. The expression of the high-affinity NRT gene TaNRT2.1 was repressed by drought stress, but the expression of the other two high-affinity NRT genes, TaNRT2.2 and TaNRT2.3, was induced or repressed by soil drought depending on N application and growth stage. The expression of the genes TaAMT1.1 and TaAMT2.1 was mainly repressed by drought stress, whereas the expression of the gene TaAMT1.2 was induced by drought stress. The expression of TaNRT2.1 in XY107 was significantly higher than in XY6.

scholarly journals Variation Characteristics in Growth Stages of Winter Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) And Prediction Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 737-746
Author(s):  
Weili Wang ◽  
Xuhui Zhang ◽  
Zhaotang Shang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Variation Characteristics

The variation characteristics of growth stages of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with the climate change were measured by designing its stability and prediction model. Results showed the trend of stability of growth stage of winter wheat in Jiangsu province of China was an S-shaped curve indicating the growth of winter wheat was more stable in late stage. The lengths of early and late stages of growth were in inverse proportion. Specifically, when the early stage was prolonged, the late stage was shortened, which ensured the relative stability of the length of growth stage. The length of growth stage was correlated with the meteorological conditions. Thus, favorable meteorological conditions contributed to the stability of growth stages of winter wheat. Along with the climate change, the basic statistical characteristics of growth stage remained stable. Each stage drifted moderately under the variation of meteorological conditions, typically during the stage of vegetative growth. The growth process can be regulated by means of variety improvement, adjustment of sowing time and density, reasonable fertilization, and the use of growth regulators. These measures are able to counteract the influences of climate change on winter wheat production and ensure the production security. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 737-746, 2021 (September) Special

scholarly journals Yield component variation in winter wheat grown under drought stress

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Duggan ◽  
D. R. Domitruk ◽  
D. B. Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Kernel Number ◽  
High Yield Potential

Crops produced in the semiarid environment of western Canada are subjected to variable and unpredictable periods of drought stress. The objective of this study was to determine the inter-relationships among yield components and grain yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L) so that guidelines could be established for the production of cultivars with high yield potential and stability. Five hard red winter wheat genotypes were grown in 15 field trials conducted throughout Saskatchewan from 1989–1991. Although this study included genotypes with widely different yield potential and yield component arrangements, only small differences in grain yield occurred within trials under dryland conditions. High kernel number, through greater tillering, was shown to be an adaptation to low-stress conditions. The ability of winter wheat to produce large numbers of tillers was evident in the spring in all trials; however, this early season potential was not maintained due to extensive tiller die-back. Tiller die-back often meant that high yield potential genotypes became sink limiting with reduced ability to respond to subsequent improvements in growing season weather conditions. As tiller number increased under more favourable crop water conditions genetic limits in kernels spike−1 became more identified with yield potential. It is likely then, that tillering capacity per se is less important in winter wheat than the development of vigorous tillers with numerous large kernels spike−1. For example, the highest yielding genotype under dryland conditions was a breeding line, S86-808, which was able to maintain a greater sink capacity as a result of a higher number of larger kernels spike−1. It appears that without yield component compensation, a cultivar can be unresponsive to improved crop water conditions (stable) or it can have a high mean yield, but it cannot possess both characteristics. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., wheat, drought stress, kernel weight, kernel number, spike density, grain yield

scholarly journals Study of silicon effects on antioxidant enzyme activities and osmotic adjustment of wheat under drought stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tale Ahmad ◽  
R. Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Randomized Design

The effect of silicon (Si) was investigated on the major antioxidant enzyme activities including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD), relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll and soluble protein contents, proline (Pro) and glycine betaine (GB) accumulation in three different growth stages (2<sup>nd</sup>, 4<sup>th</sup> leaf and tillering stages) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants under drought stress. The experiment was performed in a completely randomized design for three treatments including control, drought and Si-drought (2mM silicate sodium/kg) with three replications in a greenhouse. The results indicated that Si partially offset the negative impacts of drought stress increasing the tolerance of wheat by rising Pro and GB accumulation and soluble protein content. Compared with the plants treated with drought, applied Si significantly enhanced the activities of SOD, CAT, APX and POD. In contrast, drought stress caused a considerable decrease in RWC, chlorophyll and soluble protein contents. This Si effect was time-dependent and became stronger in the tillering stage. The results of the present experiment coincided with the conclusion that Si alleviates water deficit of wheat by preventing the oxidative membrane damage and may be associated with plant osmotic adjustment.

Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Growth Stage Effect on Paraquat Bioactivity

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-441
Author(s):  
Randy L. Anderson ◽  
David C. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Biomass Reduction

Paraquat was applied at 0.28 and 0.56 kg ai ha-1to winter wheat at five growth stages at 0800, 1300, and 1600 hr to determine whether growth stage or time of application influenced winter wheat response to paraquat. Paraquat bioactivity was affected by growth stage. Biomass reduction by paraquat was 84% when winter wheat was in the 1 to 3 leaf stage, but only 68% when application was delayed until tillering. Paraquat bioactivity continued to decrease at later growth stages. The time of day when paraquat was applied did not affect its bioactivity on winter wheat.

scholarly journals Potential effects of biochar application on mitigating the drought stress implications on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under various growth stages

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 974-981
Author(s):  
Imran Haider ◽  
Muhammad Aown Sammar Raza ◽  
Rashid Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Usman Aslam ◽  
Muhammad Habib-ur-Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Growth Stages

Influence of rate and timing of nitrogen fertilization on yield and quality of hard red winter wheat in Ontario

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Zebarth ◽  
R. W. Sheard
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
N Application ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Average Precipitation ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

Several previous studies have reported that grain yield of cereal crops was greater from multiple than from single nitrogen (N) applications. The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of the time and rate of N application on the yield and quality of hard red winter wheat grown in Ontario. One experiment was conducted in each of 2 yr using a factorial arrangement of treatments. Factors were rate of N application (40, 80, 120, 160, 200 or 240 kg N ha−1), and timing of N application (100/0/0, 75/25/0, 50/50/0 or 25/50/25 percent of the N applied at Zadok’s growth stages 22/32/45). Early N application reduced grain yield in a year of below-average precipitation, increased grain yield in a year of average precipitation, and increased straw yield in both years. Late N application increased grain crude protein concentration and harvest index in both years. Given the lack of a consistent yield increase and the added cost of application, it is unlikely that multiple N applications will be economical for hard red winter wheat production in Ontario.Key words: Triticum aestivum, intensive cereal management, yield components, wheat

scholarly journals Reproductive ability of common winter wheat plants under drought

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 86-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. I. Zhuk
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Critical Phase

Aim. The goal of this work was to study the effect of soil drought on the reproductive ability of common winter wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.). Methods. Wheat plants of cultivars Yednist and Zbruch were grown under optimal nutrition and well-watered conditions to the earing-flowering phase, after that the experimental plants were transferred to drought regime for 10 days, after that the optimal water supply was restored to the end of vegetation. During the experiment, the stem length and the leaf area were measured. Ripened plants were analyzed according to the structure of the yield. Results. It is established that the effect of drought in the critical phase of ontogenesis the earing-flowering led to the decreasing the stem length, the leaf area, the mass of the ear and grains, number of grains more in Zbruch cultivar than in Yednist cultivar. In Zbruch cultivar under drought the number of productive stems per plant decreased. Conclusions. Water deficiency in the soil in the critical phase of earing-flowering led to a decrease in the reproductive ability of winter wheat plants due to the inhibition of growth of stem, reduction of the leaf area, the grain number and the mass of ear and grains. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., stem, ear, productivity, drought.

Diurnal changes of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle components in wheat genotypes exposed to drought

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 998
Author(s):  
Durna R. Aliyeva ◽  
Lala M. Aydinli ◽  
Ismayil S. Zulfugarov ◽  
Irada M. Huseynova
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Major Pathway ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Antioxidative Enzyme Activities

The ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle is a major pathway of H2O2 scavenging in plants. The effect of diurnal variations in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, the intensity of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA), photosynthesis, antioxidants and antioxidative enzyme activities involved in AsA-GSH metabolism has been studied comparatively in leaves of durum (Triticum durum Desf.) and bread (Triticum aestivum L.) wheat genotypes exposed to soil drought. Drought stress caused an increase in the content of H2O2, MDA, alterations in the activities of AsA-GSH cycle enzymes and quantitative changes in AsA and GSH content during the day. PSII efficiency was significantly lower in the control and drought exposed leaves at the highest temperature in the afternoon. The ascorbate peroxidase activity was found to increase and ascorbic acid amount decreased with increasing temperature during the day. Further, the glutathione amount and glutathione reductase activity increased at the expense of the regeneration of the oxidised form of glutathione. Our results revealed that wheat can tolerate drought stress by enhancing the antioxidant enzyme activities and alteration of the concentration of ascorbate and glutathione.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document