Use of DArT molecular markers for QTL analysis of drought-stress responses in soybean. I. Phenotypic evaluation of traits

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang T. T. Vu ◽  
A. T. James ◽  
R. J. Lawn ◽  
L. M. Bielig ◽  
A. Kilian
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Dart Markers ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Trait Locus

Physiological drought stress responses were assessed in recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from three soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) crosses, in preparation for quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses using Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) markers. The three RIL populations were derived from pairwise crosses between three genotypes, cv. Valder, CPI 26671 and G2120, which in previous studies had differed in drought-stress response. Of particular interest was the landrace variety G2120, which in the previous reports had recovered better after severe drought. To assess drought-stress response, the plants were grown in deep cylindrical pots in the glasshouse and exposed to severe water deficit followed by re-watering. Two plants to be genotyped were grown in each pot, together with one plant of G2120, which served as a reference plant against which the responses of the two other plants were assessed. Traits recorded included measures of relative water content (RWC), epidermal conductance (ge) and recovery in growth following re-watering. The responses in the reference and parental plants and the RIL populations were broadly consistent with previous studies. As plant-available water in the soil declined, both RWC and ge declined, although the relation between RWC and ge was exponential, rather than linear as in previous studies. Analysis of variance revealed large environmental effects on most of the traits, which resulted in high coefficients of variation and low estimates of broad-sense heritability. However, there were significant differences at both the population and genotype levels for all key traits, confirming the presence of genetic variation for drought-stress response. Some opportunities for enhancing the observed genetic differences and reducing the environmental noise in future studies are canvassed. Application of the observed phenotypic data reported in this paper in subsequent QTL analyses based on DArT markers is reported in the companion paper.

Use of DArT molecular markers for QTL analysis of drought-stress responses in soybean. II. Marker identification and QTL analyses

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang T. T. Vu ◽  
A. Kilian ◽  
A. T. James ◽  
L. M. Bielig ◽  
R. J. Lawn
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Local Alignment ◽  
Chromosome 15 ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Dart Markers ◽  
Protein Database

This study applied newly developed Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) and soybean and mungbean DArT libraries for quantitative trait locus (QTL) linkage analysis in recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from three soybean crosses that had previously been assessed for physiological response to severe drought stress. The phenotypic assessments had identified statistically significant genetic variation among and within the RIL populations and their parents for three drought-related responses: epidermal conductance (ge) and relative water content (RWC) during stress, and plant recovery after stress. The new linkage maps containing only DArT markers for the three populations individually contained 196–409 markers and 15–22 linkage groups (LGs), with an aggregate length ranging from 409.4 to 516.7 cM. An integrated map constructed by using the marker data from all three RIL populations comprised 759 DArT markers, 27 LGs and an expanded length of 762.2 cM. Two populations with the landrace accession G2120 as a parent, CPI 26671 × G2120 (CG) and Valder × G2120 (VG), respectively contained 106 and 34 QTLs. In each of these populations, 10 LGs harboured QTLs associated with RWC, ge and recovery ability, of which six similar LGs were associated with drought tolerance. A BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) search for sequences of 19 selected DArT markers linked to QTLs conditioning the drought-response traits indicated that 18 DArT markers were unique and aligned to 12 soybean chromosomes. Comparison of these sequenced DArT markers with other markers associated with drought-related QTLs in previously reported studies using other marker types confirmed that five of them overlapped, whereas the remaining 13 were new. Except for chromosome 15, the chromosomes with which the DArT QTLs in the CG and VG populations were associated were those that had been shown to harbour drought-related QTLs in previous studies. A BLASTx protein database search identified soPt-856602 as being associated with the gene for a probable glycosyltransferase At5g03795-like isoform X1 on chromosome 6. Although the several QTLs identified in the study were all of relatively minor effect, it was concluded that, because the DArT technology involves large numbers of markers and enables many lines to be genotyped simultaneously, it should help the process of manipulating multiple QTLs and so enhance their likely cumulative effect.

Isolation and characterization of MbWRKY1, a WRKY transcription factor gene from Malus baccata (L.) Borkh involved in drought tolerance

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 1023-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deguo Han ◽  
Haibin Ding ◽  
Lijing Chai ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Zhaoyuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Wrky Transcription Factor ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Stress Related Genes ◽  
Malus Baccata

WRKY transcription factors are involved in stress responses in plants; however, their roles in abiotic stresses are still not well known in Malus plants. In the present study, a WRKY gene was isolated from Malus baccata (L.) Borkh and designated as MbWRKY1. Subcellular localization revealed that MbWRKY1 was localized in the nucleus. The expression levels of MbWRKY1 were up-regulated by dehydration, salinity, and ABA treatments in M. baccata seedlings. When MbWRKY1 was introduced into tobacco, it improved drought stress tolerance in transgenic plants. Under the drought treatment, transgenic plants had higher contents of chlorophyll, proline, relative water, AsA, and GSH than wild-type (WT) plants. Compared with WT plants, the overexpression of MbWRKY1 in transgenic tobacco also led to decreased levels of H2O2, MDA, and elecrolyte leakage when dealing with drought stress. There were increased activities of POD, CAT, SOD, and APX in transgenic tobaccos, especially when dealing with drought treatment. Moreover, the MbWRKY1 transgenic plants enhanced the expressions of oxidative stress response (NtPOD, NtCAT, NtSOD, and NtAPX) and stress-related genes (NtP5CS and NtLEA5) when dealing with drought stress. These results suggest that the MbWRKY1 gene plays a positive regulatory role in drought stress response.

scholarly journals Spermine: Its Emerging Role in Regulating Drought Stress Responses in Plants

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Md. Mahadi Hasan ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
Mohammad Shah Jahan ◽  
Md. Nazmul Hossain ◽  
Zunaira Anwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
New Information ◽  
Effects Of Drought

In recent years, research on spermine (Spm) has turned up a lot of new information about this essential polyamine, especially as it is able to counteract damage from abiotic stresses. Spm has been shown to protect plants from a variety of environmental insults, but whether it can prevent the adverse effects of drought has not yet been reported. Drought stress increases endogenous Spm in plants and exogenous application of Spm improves the plants’ ability to tolerate drought stress. Spm’s role in enhancing antioxidant defense mechanisms, glyoxalase systems, methylglyoxal (MG) detoxification, and creating tolerance for drought-induced oxidative stress is well documented in plants. However, the influences of enzyme activity and osmoregulation on Spm biosynthesis and metabolism are variable. Spm interacts with other molecules like nitric oxide (NO) and phytohormones such as abscisic acid, salicylic acid, brassinosteroids, and ethylene, to coordinate the reactions necessary for developing drought tolerance. This review focuses on the role of Spm in plants under severe drought stress. We have proposed models to explain how Spm interacts with existing defense mechanisms in plants to improve drought tolerance.

scholarly journals DEHYDRIN PROFILES OF SOME IRANIAN MELON VARIETIES (Cucumis melo L. Merr) UNDER DROUGHT STRE SS CONDITIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Alireza Motallebi-Azar ◽  
István Papp ◽  
Anita Szegő
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Relative Water

Dehydrins are proteins that play a role in the mechanism of drought tolerance. This study aimed at establishing dehydrin profile and accumulation in four local melon varieties of Iran: Mino, Dargazi, Saveii, and Semsori, as well as in a commercial variety Honeydew. Plants were treated with drought stress by adjusting the soil water content to 75, 50, 40, 30 and 20% of field capacity (FC) by withholding water. Water status of plants was monitored based on the seedling fresh weight (FW) and relative water content of leaves (RWC). Total protein content was extracted, then heat-stable protein (HSP) fraction was isolated for each variety and water stress treatment. After SDS-PAGE of HSP, Western blotting analysis was carried out with Anti-dehydrin rabbit (primary) and Goat anti rabbit (secondary) antibodies. ANOVA results showed that with decreasing FC below 75%, FW and RWC decreased, but these changes significantly varied among genotypes. On the basis of FW and RWC data under different drought stress treatments, the following drought-tolerant ranking was established: Mino > Dargazi > Saveii and Honeydew > Semsori, from tolerant to sensitive order. Results of Western blot analysis showed that expression of some proteins with molecular weights of 19–52 kDa was induced in the studied varieties under drought stress (% FC). Expression level of the dehydrin proteins in different varieties was variable and also depending on the drought stress level applied. However, dehydrin proteins (45 and 50 kDa) showed strong expression levels in all varieties under severe drought stress (20% FC). The abundance of dehydrin proteins was higher in tolerant varieties (Mino and Dargazi) than in moderate and drought sensitive genotypes. Consequently, dehydrins represent a potential marker for selection of genotypes with enhanced drought tolerance.

scholarly journals Analysis of Non-Structural Carbohydrates and Xylem Anatomy of Leaf Petioles Offers New Insights in the Drought Response of Two Grapevine Cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachele Falchi ◽  
Elisa Petrussa ◽  
Enrico Braidot ◽  
Paolo Sivilotti ◽  
Francesco Boscutti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Drought Response ◽  
Xylem Anatomy ◽  
Anatomical Analysis ◽  
Starch Mobilization ◽  
Xylem Conduits

In grapevine, the anatomy of xylem conduits and the non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) content of the associated living parenchyma are expected to influence water transport under water limitation. In fact, both NSC and xylem features play a role in plant recovery from drought stress. We evaluated these traits in petioles of Cabernet Sauvignon (CS) and Syrah (SY) cultivars during water stress (WS) and recovery. In CS, the stress response was associated to NSC consumption, supporting the hypothesis that starch mobilization is related to an increased supply of maltose and sucrose, putatively involved in drought stress responses at the xylem level. In contrast, in SY, the WS-induced increase in the latter soluble NSCs was maintained even 2 days after re-watering, suggesting a different pattern of utilization of NSC resources. Interestingly, the anatomical analysis revealed that conduits are constitutively wider in SY in well-watered (WW) plants, and that water stress led to the production of narrower conduits only in this cultivar.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis of Drought Stress Response in Opium Poppy Plants during the First Week of Germination

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1878
Author(s):  
Kristýna Kundrátová ◽  
Martin Bartas ◽  
Petr Pečinka ◽  
Ondřej Hejna ◽  
Andrea Rychlá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Opium Poppy ◽  
Metabolic Pathway Analysis ◽  
Ubiquitin E3 Ligase ◽  
Key Genes

Water deficiency is one of the most significant abiotic stresses that negatively affects growth and reduces crop yields worldwide. Most research is focused on model plants and/or crops which are most agriculturally important. In this research, drought stress was applied to two drought stress contrasting varieties of Papaver somniferum (the opium poppy), a non-model plant species, during the first week of its germination, which differ in responses to drought stress. After sowing, the poppy seedlings were immediately subjected to drought stress for 7 days. We conducted a large-scale transcriptomic and proteomic analysis for drought stress response. At first, we found that the transcriptomic and proteomic profiles significantly differ. However, the most significant findings are the identification of key genes and proteins with significantly different expressions relating to drought stress, e.g., the heat-shock protein family, dehydration responsive element-binding transcription factors, ubiquitin E3 ligase, and others. In addition, metabolic pathway analysis showed that these genes and proteins were part of several biosynthetic pathways most significantly related to photosynthetic processes, and oxidative stress responses. A future study will focus on a detailed analysis of key genes and the development of selection markers for the determination of drought-resistant varieties and the breeding of new resistant lineages.

scholarly journals Integrated transcriptome and small RNA sequencing analyses reveal a drought stress response network in Sophora tonkinensis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Liang ◽  
Kunhua Wei ◽  
Fan Wei ◽  
Shuangshuang Qin ◽  
Chuanhua Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Small Rna Sequencing ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Sophora Tonkinensis

Abstract Background Sophora tonkinensis Gagnep is a traditional Chinese medical plant that is mainly cultivated in southern China. Drought stress is one of the major abiotic stresses that negatively impacts S. tonkinensis growth. However, the molecular mechanisms governing the responses to drought stress in S. tonkinensis at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels are not well understood. Results To identify genes and miRNAs involved in drought stress responses in S. tonkinensis, both mRNA and small RNA sequencing was performed in root samples under control, mild drought, and severe drought conditions. mRNA sequencing revealed 66,476 unigenes, and the differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) were associated with several key pathways, including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, sugar metabolism, and quinolizidine alkaloid biosynthesis pathways. A total of 10 and 30 transcription factors (TFs) were identified among the DEGs under mild and severe drought stress, respectively. Moreover, small RNA sequencing revealed a total of 368 miRNAs, including 255 known miRNAs and 113 novel miRNAs. The differentially expressed miRNAs and their target genes were involved in the regulation of plant hormone signal transduction, the spliceosome, and ribosomes. Analysis of the regulatory network involved in the response to drought stress revealed 37 differentially expressed miRNA-mRNA pairs. Conclusion This is the first study to simultaneously profile the expression patterns of mRNAs and miRNAs on a genome-wide scale to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the drought stress responses of S. tonkinensis. Our results suggest that S. tonkinensis implements diverse mechanisms to modulate its responses to drought stress.

scholarly journals Foliar application of melatonin induces tolerance to drought stress in Moldavian balm plants (Dracocephalum moldavica) through regulating the antioxidant system

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rozita Kabiri ◽  
Ali Hatami ◽  
Hakimeh Oloumi ◽  
Mehdi Naghizadeh ◽  
Fatemeh Nasibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Surface Area

Abstract Melatonin, as an indoleamine molecule, regulates a wide range of physiological functions during the growth, morphogenesis and response of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this research, the effect of exogenous application of melatonin (0 (distilled water), 50, 100 and 150 µM) to the leaves of Moldavian balm plants grown under different levels of drought stress (100% (control), 80%, 60% and 40% of field water capacity) was investigated. The results indicate that plants which were treated with 100 µM melatonin showed the greatest leaf surface area, lateral branching, flower length and activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase). Foliar application of 100 µM melatonin had no significant difference in catalase activity in comparison with the control and other concentrations of melatonin under normal, moderate and severe drought stress conditions. The lowest H2O2 content and lipid peroxidation (electrolyte leakage, concentrations of malondialdehyde and other aldehydes) were obtained at the concentration of 100 µM melatonin under severe drought stress. This concentration also significantly increased the chlorophyll content and enhanced the relative water content; however, foliar application of 100 µM melatonin had no significant effect on leaf length and proline content compared with the control under normal and stress conditions. The obtained results suggested that foliar application of 100 µM melatonin was more effective than the concentrations of 50 and 150 µM melatonin in reducing the adverse effects of moderate and severe drought stress.

scholarly journals Enhanced tolerance to drought stress resulting from Caragana korshinskii CkWRKY33 in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Li ◽  
Fengping Liang ◽  
Tianbao Zhang ◽  
Na Fu ◽  
Xinwu Pei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Wrky Transcription Factor ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Caragana Korshinskii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Relative Water

Abstract Background: It is well known that WRKY transcription factors play important roles in plant growth and development, defense regulation and stress responses.Results: In this study, a WRKY transcription factor, WRKY33, was cloned from Caragana korshinskii. A sequence structure analysis showed that it belonged to the Group-I type. Subcellular localization experiments in tobacco epidermal cells showed the presence of CkWRKY33 in the nucleus. Additionally, CkWRKY33 was overexpressed in Arabidopsis thaliana. A phenotypic investigation revealed that compared with wild-type plants CkWRKY33-overexpressing transgenic plants had higher survival rates, as well as relative water, soluble sugar, proline and peroxidase contents, but lower malondialdehyde contents, following a drought stress treatment.Conclusions: This suggested that the overexpression of CkWRKY33 led to an enhanced drought-stress tolerance in transgenic A. thaliana. Thus, CkWRKY33 may act as a positive regulator involved in the drought-stress responses in Caragana korshinskii.

Leaf morphology, photochemistry and water status changes in resprouting Quercus ilex during drought

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Peña-Rojas ◽  
Xavier Aranda ◽  
Richard Joffre ◽  
Isabel Fleck
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Quercus Ilex ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Leaf Mass Area ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Moderate Drought

Functional and morphological (structural) characteristics of Quercus ilex L. leaves under drought stress were studied in the forest and in a nursery. We compared undisturbed individuals (controls) with resprouts emerging after clear-cut or excision. When soil water availability was high, gas-exchange was similar in resprouts and controls, despite higher midday leaf water potential, midday leaf hydration and relative water content (RWC). In moderate drought, stomatal closure was found to limit photosynthesis in controls, and in severe drought non-stomatal limitations of photosynthesis were also greater than in resprouts. Leaf structure and chemical composition changed under drought stress. Leaves tended to be smaller in controls with increasing drought, and resprouts had larger leaves and lower leaf mass area (LMA). The relationship between nitrogen (N) content and LMA implied lower N investment in photosynthetic components in controls, which could be responsible for their increased non-stomatal limitation of photosynthesis. Changes were more apparent in leaf density (D) and thickness (T), components of LMA. Decreases in D were related to reductions in cell wall components: hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin. In resprouts, reduced D and leaf T accounted for the higher mesophyll conductance (gmes) to CO2 measured.

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