Comparative effects of gibberellic acid, kinetin and salicylic acid on emergence, seedling growth and the antioxidant defence system of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) under salinity and temperature stresses

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nimir Eltyb Ahmed Nimir ◽  
Shiyuan Lu ◽  
Guisheng Zhou ◽  
Wenshan Guo ◽  
Baoluo Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Defence System ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System ◽  
Emergence Percentage

Salinity and high temperature are major abiotic stresses limiting sustainable crop production. Seed priming is a useful tool to enhance seedling growth and the antioxidant defence system of crops under salinity and temperature stress. This experiment was designed to determine the effects of gibberellic acid (GA3, 288.7 µm), kinetin (232.2 µm) and salicylic acid (362 µm) on some morphological and physiological parameters of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) hybrid Yajin 13 under salinity (0, 100 and 200 mm NaCl) and temperature (25°C and 37°C) stress. Salinity and high temperature significantly reduced emergence percentage, shoot and root lengths, number of leaves, shoot fresh and dry weight, and chlorophyll a and b content. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were increased with an increase in both salinity and temperature stress. Hormone treatments positively affected all parameters except root fresh and dry weight, number of leaves, SOD activity and chlorophyll a. Under salinity stress at 200 mm NaCl, treatment with salicylic acid increased emergence percentage, emergence rate, chlorophyll b and protein content by 82.0%, 130%, 7.9% and 1.9%, respectively, relative to the control (no treatment). At 37°C, salicylic acid increased emergence percentage, emergence rate and number of roots by 72.5%, 108.5% and 63.8%, respectively, and decreased MDA content by 17.6% relative to the control. Our study indicated that seed priming with an appropriate concentration of exogenous hormones (salicylic acid, kinetin, GA3) is a useful, easy method for improving germination, seedling growth and the antioxidant defence system of sweet sorghum under conditions of high temperature and salinity.

scholarly journals The Effect of Nacl Priming on Emergence, Growth and Yield of Fenugreek Under Saline Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Soughir ◽  
M.A. Elouaer ◽  
C. Hannachi
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Saline Condition ◽  
Crop Establishment ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum L

Abstract Salinity is considered as a major abiotic stress affecting crop production in arid and semi-arid regions in the world. Poor germination and decrease of seedling growth are major results of poor crop establishment and failure. Many research studies have shown that seed priming is an efficient method for increasing plant growth and yield in saline condition. For this reason, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of NaCl priming on the emergence and seedling growth of Tunisian fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) under salinity conditions. Seeds of fenugreek were primed with NaCl (4 g L-1) for 36 h in continuous 25°C. Primed (P) and non-primed (NP) seeds were sown in plastic pots and placed in greenhouse for 4 months. Experiments were conducted using various NaCl concentrations (0, 4, 6, 8 and 10 g L-1). Results showed that emergence percentage of primed seeds was greater than nonprimed seeds. Roots length, plant height, leaf area, fresh and dry weight and yields of plants derived from primed seeds were higher compared with non-primed seeds. Na+ content of plants derived from primed seeds was lower than that of primed ones. In the other side, K+ and Ca2+ content of plants derived from primed seeds was higher compared with plants derived from nonprimed seeds. These results suggest that NaCl priming of fenugreek seeds increased salt tolerance of seedlings by reducing Na+ and promoting K+ and Ca2+ accumulation.

scholarly journals Effects of exogenous silicon on maize seed germination and seedling growth

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yankun Sun ◽  
Jiaqi Xu ◽  
Xiangyang Miao ◽  
Xuesong Lin ◽  
Wanzhen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System

AbstractAs the global population continues to increase, global food production needs to double by 2050 to meet the demand. Given the current status of the not expansion of cultivated land area, agronomic seedlings are complete, well-formed and strong, which is the basis of high crop yields. The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of seed germination and seedling growth in response to silicon (from water-soluble Si fertilizer). The effects of Si on the maize germination, seedling growth, chlorophyll contents, osmoprotectant contents, antioxidant enzyme activities, non-enzymatic antioxidant contents and stomatal characteristics were studied by soaking Xianyu 335 in solutions of different concentrations of Si (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 g·L−1). In this study, Si treatments significantly increased the seed germination and per-plant dry weight of seedlings (P < 0.05), and the optimal concentration was 15 g·L−1. As a result of the Si treatment of the seeds, the chlorophyll content, osmotic material accumulation and antioxidant defence system activity increased, reducing membrane system damage, reactive oxygen species contents, and stomatal aperture. The results suggested that 15 g·L−1 Si significantly stimulated seed germination and promoted the growth of maize seedlings, laying a solid foundation for subsequent maize growth.

scholarly journals Gibberellic acid and nitrogen efficiently protect early seedlings growth stage from salt stress damage in Sorghum

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Yousif Adam Ali ◽  
Muhi Eldeen Hussien Ibrahim ◽  
Guisheng Zhou ◽  
Nimir Eltyb Ahmed Nimir ◽  
Aboagla Mohammed Ibrahim Elsiddig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Stress Damage

AbstractSalinity one of environmental factor that limits the growth and productivity of crops. This research was done to investigate whether GA3 (0, 144.3, 288.7 and 577.5 μM) and nitrogen fertilizer (0, 90 and 135 kg N ha−1) could mitigate the negative impacts of NaCl (0, 100, and 200 mM NaCl) on emergence percentage, seedling growth and some biochemical parameters. The results showed that high salinity level decreased emergence percentage, seedling growth, relative water content, chlorophyll content (SPAD reading), catalase (CAT) and peroxide (POD), but increased soluble protein content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The SOD activity was decreased by nitrogen. However, the other measurements were increased by nitrogen. The interactive impact between nitrogen and salinity was significant in most parameters except EP, CAT and POD. The seedling length, dry weight, fresh weight, emergence percentage, POD, soluble protein and chlorophyll content were significantly affected by the interaction between GA3 and salinity. The GA3 and nitrogen application was successful mitigating the adverse effects of salinity. The level of 144.3 and 288.7 μm GA3 and the rate of 90 and 135 kg N ha−1 were most effective on many of the attributes studied. Our study suggested that GA3 and nitrogen could efficiently protect early seedlings growth from salinity damage.

scholarly journals Efficacy of KNO3, SiO2 and SA priming for improving emergence, seedling growth and antioxidant enzymes of rice (Oryza sativa), under drought

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawan Gana Ali ◽  
Rosimah Nulit ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Ibrahim ◽  
Christina Yong Seok Yien
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Randomized Design

AbstractRice is an important staple crop produced and consumed worldwide. However, poor seed emergence is one of the main impediments to obtaining higher yield of rice especially in hot and dry ecosystems of the world that are ravaged by drought. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the effects of potassium nitrate (KNO3), salicylic acid (SA) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) priming in improving emergence, seedling growth, biochemical attributes and antioxidant activities of FARO44 rice under drought conditions. Rice seedlings primed with 2.5% and 5% KNO3, 3% and 3.5% SiO2, and 1 mM and 2.5 mM SA were subjected to three drought levels of low, moderate and severe under the greenhouse. Seed emergence, seedling growth, biochemical attributes and antioxidant activities were thereafter evaluated. Seed priming experiments were laid in a completely randomized design with five replicates per treatment. The results found that rice seedlings responded differently to different priming treatments. However, all primed rice seedlings had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) improved emergence percentage (72–92%), seedling growth, seedling vigor, seedling fresh and dry biomass and shorter emergence time compared with controls. Likewise, total soluble protein content, activities of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, carbohydrate, soluble sugar and total chlorophyll contents of rice seedlings were increased by more than two-folds by seed priming compared with control. Salicylic acid showed less effect in increasing emergence, seedling growth, antioxidant activities and biochemical attributes of rice. Thus, this study established that seed priming with KNO3 (2.5% and 5%) and SiO2 (3% and 3.5%) were more effective in improving emergence, seedling growth, biochemical attributes and antioxidant activities of FARO44. Thus, priming of FARO44 rice with this chemical is recommended for fast emergence, seedling growth and drought resistance in dry ecosystems.

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