Morpho-physiological and adaptive variation of Italian germplasm of sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Annicchiarico ◽  
P. Ruisi ◽  
G. Di Miceli ◽  
L. Pecetti
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Western Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Climatic Adaptability ◽  
A Site

Sulla is a biennial forage legume native to the central-western Mediterranean Basin and has increasing interest for regions with Mediterranean-climate. The Italian germplasm is a reservoir of variation for important agronomic traits. This study aimed to support breeding programs by investigating patterns of agronomic, adaptive and morpho-physiological variation among ecotypes collected from the three main Italian regions of species cultivation: central Italy, and the two islands of Sicily and Sardinia. Forage yield and morpho-physiological traits were evaluated at a site with Mediterranean climate in Sicily. Forage yield and cold tolerance in a cold-prone site of northern Italy were also assessed, to locate useful germplasm for widening crop resilience and climatic adaptability. Collection regions, and ecotypes within regions, differed for total forage yield and final plant survival, but their responses were subjected to interactions with test location. Specific adaptation dominated the adaptive responses of ecotypes and elite commercial varieties. Ecotype adaptation to cold winter was associated with latitude and, more specifically, the extent of cold stress in collecting sites. The ecotype collection region had a bearing also on morpho-physiological characteristics. A few ecotypes from central Italy performed outstandingly with respect to elite varieties, displaying wide adaptation across cold-prone and drought-prone environments.

scholarly journals The mobility of Atlantic baric depressions leading to intense precipitation over Italy: a preliminary statistical analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Tartaglione ◽  
A. Speranza ◽  
F. Dalan ◽  
T. Nanni ◽  
M. Brunetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Precipitation Event ◽  
Rain Gauge Data ◽  
Intense Precipitation ◽  
Western Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Autumn And Winter

Abstract. The speed of Atlantic surface depressions, occurred during the autumn and winter seasons and that lead to intense precipitation over Italy from 1951 to 2000, was investigated. Italy was divided into 5 regions as documented in previous climatological studies (based on Principal Component Analysis). Intense precipitation events were selected on the basis of in situ rain gauge data and clustered according to the region that they hit. For each intense precipitation event we tried to identify an associated surface depression and we tracked it, within a large domain covering the Mediterranean and Atlantic regions, from its formation to cyclolysis in order to estimate its speed. "Depression speeds" were estimated with 6-h resolution and clustered into slow and non-slow classes by means of a threshold, coinciding with the first quartile of speed distribution and depression centre speeds were associated with their positions. Slow speeds occurring over an area including Italy and the western Mediterranean basin showed frequencies higher than 25%, for all the Italian regions but one. The probability of obtaining by chance the observed more than 25% success rate was estimated by means of a binomial distribution. The statistical reliability of the result is confirmed for only one region. For Italy as a whole, results were confirmed at 95% confidence level. Stability of the statistical inference, with respect to errors in estimating depression speed and changes in the threshold of slow depressions, was analysed and essentially confirmed the previous results.

Arcobleu, an integrated surveillance system for chronic and accidental pollution

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
D. Sauzade ◽  
Y. Hénocque ◽  
A. H. Carof
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Information Tools ◽  
Western Mediterranean Basin ◽  
System Requirement ◽  
Future Extension ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
Preliminary Phase

An integrated surveillance system for chronic and accidental marine pollution is proposed to improve decision making. This project, called ARCOBLEU, is based on organizing advanced communication and information tools and techniques in a multi-source / multi-user architecture. A Franco-Italian consortium associating private companies and public research institutes has already received the support of the EEC MAST program to carry out the preliminary phase of the system requirement, by using the high Tyrrhenean sea as a pilot zone. Future extension to the Western Mediterranean basin is already planned under the name of MED-ARCOBLEU.

scholarly journals Gm and Km alleles in two Spanish Pyrenean populations (Andorra and Pallars Sobira): a review of Gm variation in the Western Mediterranean basin

2001 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 537-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. GIRALDO ◽  
E. ESTEBAN ◽  
M. P. ALUJA ◽  
R. M. NOGUES ◽  
CH. BACKES-DURO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Western Mediterranean Basin

scholarly journals A novel methodology for epidemic risk assessment of COVID-19 outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pluchino ◽  
A. E. Biondo ◽  
N. Giuffrida ◽  
G. Inturri ◽  
V. Latora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Mobility ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Policy Model ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Seasonal Flu ◽  
Epidemic Risk

AbstractWe propose a novel data-driven framework for assessing the a-priori epidemic risk of a geographical area and for identifying high-risk areas within a country. Our risk index is evaluated as a function of three different components: the hazard of the disease, the exposure of the area and the vulnerability of its inhabitants. As an application, we discuss the case of COVID-19 outbreak in Italy. We characterize each of the twenty Italian regions by using available historical data on air pollution, human mobility, winter temperature, housing concentration, health care density, population size and age. We find that the epidemic risk is higher in some of the Northern regions with respect to Central and Southern Italy. The corresponding risk index shows correlations with the available official data on the number of infected individuals, patients in intensive care and deceased patients, and can help explaining why regions such as Lombardia, Emilia-Romagna, Piemonte and Veneto have suffered much more than the rest of the country. Although the COVID-19 outbreak started in both North (Lombardia) and Central Italy (Lazio) almost at the same time, when the first cases were officially certified at the beginning of 2020, the disease has spread faster and with heavier consequences in regions with higher epidemic risk. Our framework can be extended and tested on other epidemic data, such as those on seasonal flu, and applied to other countries. We also present a policy model connected with our methodology, which might help policy-makers to take informed decisions.

scholarly journals Algerian Olive Germplasm and Its Relationships with the Central-Western Mediterranean Varieties Contributes to Clarify Cultivated Olive Diversification

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 678
Author(s):  
Kamel Atrouz ◽  
Ratiba Bousba ◽  
Francesco Paolo Marra ◽  
Annalisa Marchese ◽  
Francesca Luisa Conforti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
Western Mediterranean Basin ◽  
New Information ◽  
Mediterranean History ◽  
New Synonymy

Olive tree with its main final product, olive oil, is an important element of Mediterranean history, considered the emblematic fruit of a civilization. Despite its wide diffusion and economic and cultural importance, its evolutionary and phylogenetic history is still difficult to clarify. As part of the Mediterranean basin, Algeria was indicated as a secondary diversification center. However, genetic characterization studies from Maghreb area, are currently underrepresented. In this context, we characterized 119 endemic Algerian accessions by using 12 microsatellite markers with the main goal to evaluate the genetic diversity and population structure. In order to provide new insights about the history of olive diversification events in the Central-Western Mediterranean basin, we included and analyzed a sample of 103 Italian accessions from Sicily and, a set of molecular profiles of cultivars from the Central-Western Mediterranean area. The phylogenetic investigation let us to evaluate genetic relationships among Central-Mediterranean basin olive germplasm, highlight new synonymy cases to support the importance of vegetative propagation in the cultivated olive diffusion and consolidate the hypothesis of more recent admixture events occurrence. This work provided new information about Algerian germplasm biodiversity and contributed to clarify olive diversification process.

scholarly journals Forage Potential of Cereal/Legume Intercrops: Agronomic Performances, Yield, Quality Forage and LER in Two Harvesting Times in a Mediterranean Environment

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Monica Bacchi ◽  
Michele Monti ◽  
Antonio Calvi ◽  
Emilio Lo Presti ◽  
Antonio Pellicanò ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Common Vetch ◽  
Sole Crop ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Green Fodder

The crop yield and quality of seven annual forages (four grasses and three legumes) in sole crop and in mixtures (ratio 50:50) for oat (Avena sativa L.), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.), berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) and common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) were evaluated in a two-year field experiment adopting two harvesting times, green fodder and silage. The main bio-agronomic traits, dry matter forage yield (DMY) and quantity of crude protein (CP) were determined in both sole crop and intercrop. The land equivalent ratio (LER) was used for evaluating biological efficiency and competitive ability of the intercrops. Our results showed that the total calculated LER for fodder and protein yields was always greater than one and corresponded to crop yield advantages of 16.0% and 11.5%, respectively. Our data also highlighted the low competitive ability of the ryegrass in intercrop, which achieved the lowest yield among all the mixtures. Conversely, the same grass showed the best green fodder quality, due to the high incidence of the legume, equal (on average) to 46%. Triticale and barley, harvested for silage (hard dough stage), provided the best quantitative and qualitative results both in sole crop and intercropped with common vetch and pea, determined mainly by the cereal grain.

scholarly journals Potential deployment of offshore bottom pressure gauges and adoption of data assimilation for tsunami warning system in the western Mediterranean Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Heidarzadeh ◽  
Yuchen Wang ◽  
Kenji Satake ◽  
Iyan E. Mulia
Keyword(s):  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Tsunami Warning ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Bottom Pressure ◽  
Tsunami Warning System ◽  
Earthquake Scenarios ◽  
The North ◽  
Western Mediterranean Basin

AbstractWestern Mediterranean Basin (WMB) is among tsunamigenic zones with numerous historical records of tsunami damage and deaths. Most recently, a moderate tsunami on 21 May 2003 offshore Algeria, North Africa, was a fresh call for strengthening tsunami warning capabilities in this enclosed water basin. Here, we propose to deploy offshore bottom pressure gauges (OBPGs) and to adopt the framework of a tsunami data assimilation (TDA) approach for providing timely tsunami forecasts. We demonstrate the potential enhancement of the tsunami warning system through the case study of the 2003 Algeria tsunami. Four scenarios of OBPG arrangements involving 10, 5, 3 and 2 gauges are considered. The offshore gauges are located at distances of 120–300 km from the North African coast. The warning lead times are 20, 30, 48 and 55 min for four points of interest considered in this study: Ibiza, Palma, Sant Antoni and Barcelona, respectively. The forecast accuracies are in the range of 69–85% for the four OBPG scenarios revealing acceptable accuracies for tsunami warnings. We conclude that installation of OBPGs in the WMB can be helpful for providing successful and timely tsunami forecasts. We note that the OBPG scenarios proposed in this study are applicable only for the case of the 2003 Algeria tsunami. Further studies including sensitivity analyses (e.g., number of OBPG stations; earthquake magnitude, strike, epicenter) are required in order to determine OBPG arrangements that could be useful for various earthquake scenarios in the WMB.

scholarly journals Analysis and Evaluation of the Spatial Structure of Cittaslow Towns on the Example of Selected Regions in Central Italy and North-Eastern Poland

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 780
Author(s):  
Marek Zagroba ◽  
Katarzyna Pawlewicz ◽  
Adam Senetra
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Local Traditions

Cittaslow International promotes harmonious development of small towns based on sustainable relationships between economic growth, protection of local traditions, cultural heritage and the environment, and an improvement in the quality of local life. The aim of this study was to analyze and evaluate the differences and similarities in the spatial structure of Cittaslow towns in the Italian regions of Tuscany and Umbria and the Polish region of Warmia and Mazury. The study examined historical towns which are situated in different parts of Europe and have evolved in different cultural and natural environments. The presented research attempts to determine whether the spatial structure of historical towns established in different European regions promotes the dissemination of the Cittaslow philosophy and the adoption of sustainable development principles. The urban design, architectural features and the composition of urban and architectural factors which are largely responsible for perceptions of multi-dimensional space were evaluated. These goals were achieved with the use of a self-designed research method which supported a subjective evaluation of spatial structure defined by historical urban planning and architectural solutions. The study demonstrated that Medieval urban layouts can be successfully incorporated into the modern urban fabric to promote sustainable development and slow living.

scholarly journals Otolaryngology activity in two hospitals in northern and central Italy differently affected by COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 003685042199848
Author(s):  
Antonio Minni ◽  
Francesco Pilolli ◽  
Massimo Ralli ◽  
Niccolò Mevio ◽  
Luca Roncoroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Geographical Differences ◽  
Italian Regions

The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic had a significant impact on the Italian healthcare system, although geographical differences were present; regions in northern Italy have been the most severely affected while regions in the south of the country were relatively spared. Otolaryngologists were actively involved in the management of the pandemic. In this work, we analyzed and compared the otolaryngology surgical activity performed during the pandemic in two large public hospitals located in different Italian regions. In northern Italy, otolaryngologists were mainly involved in performing surgical tracheotomies in COVID-19 positive patients and contributed to the management of these patients in intensive care units. In central Italy, where the burden of the infection was significantly lower, otolaryngologists focused on diagnosis and treatment of emergency and oncology patients. This analysis confirms the important role of the otolaryngology specialists during the pandemic, but also highlights specific differences between two large hospitals in different Italian regions.

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