Mapping quantitative trait loci for pre-harvest sprouting resistance in white-grained winter wheat line CA 0431

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 573 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. L. Miao ◽  
Y. J. Zhang ◽  
X. C. Xia ◽  
Z. H. He ◽  
Y. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Wheat Line ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Trait Loci

Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) in wheat severely reduces yield and end-use quality, resulting in substantial economic losses. The Chinese winter wheat line CA 0431, with white grain, showed high PHS resistance for many years. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of PHS resistance in this line, 220 F2 plants and the corresponding F2 : 3 lines derived from a cross between CA 0431 and the PHS-susceptible cultivar Zhongyou 206 were used for PHS testing and QTL analysis. Field trials were conducted in Beijing during the 2010–11 and 2011–12 cropping seasons, and in Anyang during 2011–12. PHS resistance was evaluated by assessing the sprouting responses of intact spikes. In total, 1444 molecular markers were used to screen the parents, and 31 markers with polymorphisms between the resistant and susceptible bulks were used to genotype the entire F2 population. Broad-sense heritability of sprouting rate was 0.71 across environments. Inclusive composite interval mapping identified four QTLs, QPhs.caas-2BL, QPhs.caas-3AS.1, QPhs.caas-3AS.2, and QPhs.caas-3AL, each explaining 2.8–27.7% of the phenotypic variance across environments. The QTLs QPhs.caas-3AS.1, QPhs.caas-3AS.2, and QPhs.caas-3AL were located at similar positions to QTLs reported previously, whereas QPhs.caas-2BL is likely a new QTL flanked by markers Xbarc1042 and Xmag3319. Line CA 0431 and the identified markers can be used in breeding programs targeting improvement of PHS resistance for white-kernel wheat.

scholarly journals Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping of Resistance to Sugarcane Mosaic Virus in Maize

1999 ◽  
Vol 89 (8) ◽  
pp. 660-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianchun Xia ◽  
Albrecht E. Melchinger ◽  
Lissy Kuntze ◽  
Thomas Lübberstedt
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Sugarcane Mosaic Virus ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Trait Loci

Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) is an important virus disease of maize (Zea mays) in Europe. In this study, we mapped and characterized quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting resistance to SCMV in a maize population consisting of 219 F3 or immortalized F2 families from the cross of two European maize inbreds, D32 (resistant) × D145 (susceptible). Resistance was evaluated in replicated field trials across two environments under artificial inoculation. The method of composite interval mapping was employed for QTL detection with a linkage map based on 87 restriction fragment length polymorphism and 7 mapped microsatellite markers. Genotypic and genotype × environment interaction variances for SCMV resistance were highly significant in the population. Heritabilities ranged from 0.77 to 0.94 for disease scores recorded on seven consecutive dates. Five QTL for SCMV resistance were identified on chromosomes 1, 3, 5, 6, and 10 in the joint analyses. Two major QTL on chromosomes 3 and 6 were detected consistently in both environments. Significant epistatic effects were found among some of these QTL. A simultaneous fit with all QTL in the joint analyses explained between 70 and 77% of the phenotypic variance observed at various stages of plant development. Resistance to SCMV was correlated with plant height and days to anthesis.

scholarly journals Comparative Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping of Partial Resistance to Puccinia sorghi Across Four Populations of European Flint Maize

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 1324-1329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Lübberstedt ◽  
Dietrich Klein ◽  
Albrecht E. Melchinger
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Puccinia Sorghi ◽  
Maize Populations ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Marker Loci

We mapped and characterized quantitative trait loci (QTL) for partial resistance to Puccinia sorghi and investigated consistency across different European flint maize populations. Four independent populations, containing 280 F3 lines (A×BI), 120 F5 lines (A×BII), 131 F4 lines (A×C), and 133 F4 lines (C×D) were produced from four European elite flint inbreds (A, B, C, and D) and genotyped at 89, 151, 104, and 122 restriction fragment length polymorphism marker loci, respectively. All Fn lines were evaluated in field trials with two replications in three or five (A×BI) environments. Genotypic variance was highly significant for rust ratings in all populations, and heritabilities exceeded 0.64. Between 4 and 13 QTL were detected in individual populations using composite interval mapping, explaining between 33 and 71% of the phenotypic variance. Twenty QTL were distributed over all ten chromosomes, without preference to chromosomes 3, 4, 6, and 10, which harbor qualitatively acting Rp loci. In most cases, gene action was additive or partially dominant. Four pairs of QTL displayed significant digenic epistatic interactions, and QTL-environment interactions were observed frequently. Approximately half of the QTL were consistent between A×BI and A×BII or A×C and C×D; fewer were consistent between A×BI and A×C or C×D. In European flint maize germ plasm, conventional selection for partial rust resistance seems to be more promising than marker-assisted selection.

scholarly journals Quantitative Trait Loci Affecting Survival and Fertility-Related Traits in Caenorhabditis elegans Show Genotype-Environment Interactions, Pleiotropy and Epistasis

Genetics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 153 (3) ◽  
pp. 1233-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R Shook ◽  
Thomas E Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Epistatic Interactions ◽  
Trait Loci

Abstract We have identified, using composite interval mapping, quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting a variety of life history traits (LHTs) in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Using recombinant inbred strains assayed on the surface of agar plates, we found QTL for survival, early fertility, age of onset of sexual maturity, and population growth rate. There was no overall correlation between survival on solid media and previous measures of survival in liquid media. Of the four survival QTL found in these two environments, two have genotype-environment interactions (GEIs). Epistatic interactions between markers were detected for four traits. A multiple regression approach was used to determine which single markers and epistatic interactions best explained the phenotypic variance for each trait. The amount of phenotypic variance accounted for by genetic effects ranged from 13% (for internal hatching) to 46% (for population growth). Epistatic effects accounted for 9–11% of the phenotypic variance for three traits. Two regions containing QTL that affected more than one fertility-related trait were found. This study serves as an example of the power of QTL mapping for dissecting the genetic architecture of a suite of LHTs and indicates the potential importance of environment and GEIs in the evolution of this architecture.

scholarly journals Quantitative Trait Loci for Adult-Plant Resistance to Mycosphaerella graminicola in Two Winter Wheat Populations

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (10) ◽  
pp. 1209-1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Risser ◽  
E. Ebmeyer ◽  
V. Korzun ◽  
L. Hartl ◽  
T. Miedaner
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Trait Loci

Septoria tritici blotch (STB) is one of the most important leaf spot diseases in wheat worldwide. The goal of this study was to detect chromosomal regions for adult-plant resistance in large winter wheat populations to STB. Inoculation by two isolates with virulence to Stb6 and Stb15, both present in the parents, was performed and STB severity was visually scored plotwise as percent coverage of flag leaves with pycnidia-bearing lesions. ‘Florett’/‘Biscay’ and ‘Tuareg’/‘Biscay’, each comprising a cross of a resistant and a susceptible cultivar, with population sizes of 316 and 269 F7:8 recombinant inbred lines, respectively, were phenotyped across four and five environments and mapped with amplified fragment length polymorphism, diversity array technology, and simple sequence repeat markers covering polymorphic regions of ≈1,340 centimorgans. Phenotypic data revealed significant (P < 0.01) genotypic differentiation for STB, heading date, and plant height. Entry-mean heritabilities (h2) for STB were 0.73 for ‘Florett’/‘Biscay’ and 0.38 for ‘Tuareg’/‘Biscay’. All correlations between STB and heading date as well as between STB and plant height were low (r = –0.13 to –0.20). In quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis, nine and six QTL were found for STB ratings explaining, together, 55 and 51% of phenotypic variation in ‘Florett’/‘Biscay’ and ‘Tuareg’/‘Biscay’, respectively. Genotype–environment and QTL–environment interactions had a large impact. Two major QTL were detected consistently across environments on chromosomes 3B and 6D from ‘Florett’ and chromosomes 4B and 6B from ‘Tuareg’, each explaining 12 to 17% of normalized adjusted phenotypic variance. These results indicate that adult-plant resistance to STB in both mapping populations was of a quantitative nature.

Mapping of quantitative trait loci controlling broomrape (Orobanche crenata Forsk.) resistance in faba bean (Vicia faba L.)

Genome ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1057-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belén Román ◽  
Ana M Torres ◽  
Diego Rubiales ◽  
Jose Ignacio Cubero ◽  
Zlatko Satovic
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Composite Interval Mapping ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Orobanche Crenata ◽  
Resistant Parent ◽  
Trait Loci

Orobanche crenata Forsk. is a root parasite that produces devastating effects on many crop legumes and has become a limiting factor for faba bean production in the Mediterranean region. The efficacy of available control methods is minimal and breeding for broomrape resistance remains the most promising method of control. Resistance seems to be scarce and complex in nature, being a quantitative characteristic difficult to manage in breeding programmes. To identify and map the QTLs (quantitative trait loci) controlling the trait, 196 F2 plants derived from the cross between a susceptible and a resistant parent were analysed using isozymes, RAPD, seed protein genes, and microsatellites. F2- derived F3 lines were studied for broomrape resistance under field conditions. Of the 130 marker loci segregating in the F2 population, 121 could be mapped into 16 linkage groups. Simple interval mapping (SIM) and composite interval mapping (CIM) were performed using QTL Cartographer. Composite interval mapping using the maximum number of markers as cofactors was clearly the most efficient way to locate putative QTLs. Three QTLs for broomrape resistance were detected. One of the three QTLs explained more than 35% of the phenotypic variance, whereas the others accounted for 11.2 and 25.5%, respectively. This result suggests that broomrape resistance in faba bean can be considered a polygenic trait with major effects of a few single genes.Key words: Orobanche crenata, Vicia faba, QTL, broomrape resistance.

scholarly journals Quantitative Trait Loci Analysis of Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Sunflower

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 834-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rönicke ◽  
V. Hahn ◽  
A. Vogler ◽  
W. Friedt
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Mapping Procedure ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Head Rot

A quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was carried out with 283 sunflower (Helianthus annuus) F2:3 families derived from a cross between a resistant (SWS-B-04) and a highly susceptible sunflower inbred line. For that purpose, a genetic map based on 195 amplified fragment length polymorphism and 20 simple sequence repeat markers was constructed. The map has a size of 2,273.5 centimorgans and comprises 17 linkage groups, 12 of which could be associated to already defined linkage groups. The heads of sunflower F3 families were artificially inoculated by using sclerotinia mycelium in three field environments. The lesion length was measured in centimeters 1 week postinoculation and head rot was scored according to a 1-to-8 head rot scale 2 weeks postinoculation. Using the composite interval mapping procedure, three QTL for lesion length and two QTL for head rot could be identified. These QTL explain 10.6 to 17.1% of the total phenotypic variance.

Quantitative trait loci for sensory and textural properties of Chinese white noodles from a population of recombinant inbred lines of winter wheat

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Xiaocun Zhang ◽  
Yanwu Fu ◽  
Yiru Xu ◽  
Ying Guo
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Chinese White ◽  
Trait Loci

In this paper, we detected quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for two of the most important quality factors of Chinese white noodles (CWN), sensory quality and textural properties, using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population containing 184 lines derived from the cross between two Chinese winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties, Linmai6 and Tainong18. Twenty-six QTLs for eight sensory quality traits were identified on chromosomes 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 2B, 3B 4B, 5B, 6B 7B, 2D, 4D, 5D and 6D that explained 7.0–16.84% of the phenotypic variance. Fourteen QTLs associated with textural quality traits were identified on chromosomes 1B, 2D, 3A, 3B, 4A, 5B, 5D and 7D that explained 5.94–13.15% of the phenotypic variance. Six QTLs associated with hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, gumminess, resilience and appearance were mapped to chromosome 4A, indicating that this chromosome was important for textural and sensory properties of CWN. This study furthers understanding of the genetic basis for sensory quality and textural properties of CWN and provides the basis for gene mapping of these traits.

Quantitative trait loci underlying hatching weight and growth traits in an F2 intercross between two strains of Japanese quail

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Sohrabi ◽  
A. K. Esmailizadeh ◽  
A. Baghizadeh ◽  
H. Moradian ◽  
M. R. Mohammadabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Cross Model ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Qtl Effects

A three-generation resource population was developed using two distinct Japanese quail strains, wild and white, to map quantitative trait loci underlying hatching weight and growth traits. Eight pairs of white and wild birds were crossed reciprocally and 34 F1 birds were produced. The F1 birds were intercrossed to generate 422 F2 offspring. All of the animals from three generations (472 birds) were genotyped for eight microsatellite markers on chromosome 1. Liveweight data from hatch to 5 weeks of age were collected on the F2 birds. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was conducted applying the line-cross model and the least-squares interval mapping approach. The results indicated QTL affecting hatching weight and several growth related traits on chromosome 1. The F2 phenotypic variance explained by the detected additive QTL effects ranged from 1.0 to 3.7 for different traits. Modelling both additive and dominance QTL effects revealed additional QTL with significant dominance mode of action affecting pre-slaughter weight. However, there was no evidence for imprinting (parent-of-origin) effects. The variance due to the reciprocal cross effect ranged between 3.0 and 19.1% for weight at 1 week of age and hatching weight, respectively.

Quantitative Trait Loci That Control Vector Competence for Dengue-2 Virus in the Mosquito Aedes aegypti

Genetics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 156 (2) ◽  
pp. 687-698
Author(s):  
Christopher F Bosio ◽  
Ruth E Fulton ◽  
Mike L Salasek ◽  
Barry J Beaty ◽  
William C Black
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Composite Interval Mapping ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Trait Loci

Abstract Quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting the ability of the mosquito Aedes aegypti to become infected with dengue-2 virus were mapped in an F1 intercross. Dengue-susceptible A. aegypti aegypti were crossed with dengue refractory A. aegypti formosus. F2 offspring were analyzed for midgut infection and escape barriers. In P1 and F1 parents and in 207 F2 individuals, regions of 14 cDNA loci were analyzed with single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis to identify and orient linkage groups with respect to chromosomes I–III. Genotypes were also scored at 57 RAPD-SSCP loci, 5 (TAG)n microsatellite loci, and 6 sequence-tagged RAPD loci. Dengue infection phenotypes were scored in 86 F2 females. Two QTL for a midgut infection barrier were detected with standard and composite interval mapping on chromosomes II and III that accounted for ∼30% of the phenotypic variance (σp2) in dengue infection and these accounted for 44 and 56%, respectively, of the overall genetic variance (σg2). QTL of minor effect were detected on chromosomes I and III, but these were not detected with composite interval mapping. Evidence for a QTL for midgut escape barrier was detected with standard interval mapping but not with composite interval mapping on chromosome III.

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