Comparative study of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) response to seven watering regimes in a controlled environment

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 918 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bourgault ◽  
D. L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Moisture Conditions

Legume crops are often grown in drought-prone areas, and subjected to water stress. Greater understanding of drought tolerance in legumes and the use of physiological traits in breeding programs would likely provide high returns. An experiment was conducted comparing the response of two legume crops, common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek), to seven watering regimes, in order to identify traits and timing of observations that are inexpensive and relatively easy to phenotype. Gas exchange measurements were conducted before and after selected waterings, and plants were harvested at flowering for the determination of leaf area, biomass, relative water content, and water potential. Results demonstrated that mungbean exhibited a conservative use of water through lower leaf area and a limit to maximum transpiration under non-limiting soil moisture conditions, as well as a greater partitioning of biomass into stems rather than leaves. Mungbean also maintained higher photosynthesis than common bean in low soil moisture conditions, and maintained higher relative water content than common bean. We suggest investigations into stem water-soluble carbohydrates would be worthwhile.

Role of potassium solublizing bacteria on nutrients uptake in red bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Goli) under water deficit condition

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeid Chavoshi ◽  
Ghorban Nourmohamadi ◽  
Hamid Madani ◽  
Hossein Heidari Sharif Abad ◽  
Mojtaba Alavi Fazel
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Full Irrigation ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Chlorophyll Index ◽  
Red Bean

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of halt irrigation and bio fertilizer on plant yield, seed nutrients content, relative water content (RWC) and chlorophyll index (SPAD) of Goli genotype of red bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), based on split plot design with three replications during two years of 2014-2015 at Arak, Iran. Halt irrigation was in main plots by four levels of control (full irrigation), halt irrigation in vegetative stage, at flowering stage and pod filling stage and four bio fertilizer were in sub plots, including: control (no bacteria), Phosphorus Solublizing bacteria (PSB), potassium solublizing bacteria (KSB) and concurrent use both of PSB and KSB. Analysis of variance showed that no significant effect of years but the effect of halt irrigation treatments was significant on plant yield, N, P, K and Zn percentage of seed, relative water content (RWC) and chlorophyll index (SPAD). Halt irrigation reduced plant yield by 67.81% in comparison to full irrigation during flowering stage. In the study, physiological characteristics such as RWC, N, P, K and Zn contents were also reduced significantly with halt irrigation at flowering stage than its effects on other stages of the crop. Also other characteristics was significantly reduced in this study with halt irrigation that this reduction in flowering stage was more than other stages.

Impact of soil moisture on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) phytochemicals

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 103883
Author(s):  
Mayra Denise Herrera ◽  
Rosalía Reynoso-Camacho ◽  
Valentín Melero-Meraz ◽  
Salvador H. Guzmán-Maldonado ◽  
Jorge A. Acosta-Gallegos
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L

scholarly journals Growth and physiological response of two biomass sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) genotypes bred for different environments, to contrasting levels of soil moisture

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Barbanti ◽  
Ahmad Sher ◽  
Giuseppe Di Girolamo ◽  
Elio Cirillo ◽  
Muhammad Ansar
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Biomass Sorghum ◽  
Relative Water

A better understanding of plant mechanisms in response to drought is a strong premise to achieving high yields while saving unnecessary water. This is especially true in the case of biomass crops for non-food uses (energy, fibre and forage), grown with limited water supply. In this frame, we investigated growth and physiological response of two genotypes of biomass sorghum (<em>Sorghum bicolor</em> (L.) Moench) to contrasting levels of soil moisture in a pot experiment carried out in a greenhouse. Two water regimes (high and low water, corresponding to 70% and 30% field capacity) were applied to JS-2002 and Trudan-8 sorghum genotypes, respectively bred for dry sub-tropical and mild temperate conditions. Two harvests were carried out at 73 and 105 days after seeding. Physiological traits (transpiration, photosynthesis and stomatal conductance) were assessed in four dates during growth. Leaf water potential, its components and relative water content were determined at the two harvests. Low watering curbed plant height and aboveground biomass to a similar extent (ca. 􀀀70%) in both genotypes. JS-2002 exhibited a higher proportion of belowground to aboveground biomass, <em>i.e</em>., a morphology better suited to withstand drought. Despite this, JS-2002 was more affected by low water in terms of physiology: during the growing season, the average ratio in transpiration, photosynthesis and stomatal conductance between droughty and well watered plants was, respectively, 0.82, 0.80 and 0.79 in JS-2002; 1.05, 1.08 and 1.03 in Trudan-8. Hence Trudan-8 evidenced a ca. 20% advantage in the three traits. In addition, Trudan-8 could better exploit abundant moisture (70% field capacity), increasing aboveground biomass and water use efficiency. In both genotypes, drought led to very low levels of leaf water potential and relative water content, still supporting photosynthesis. Hence, both morphological and physiological characteristics of sorghum were involved in plant adaptation to drought, in accordance with previous results. Conversely, the common assumption that genotypes best performing under wet conditions are less suited to face drought was contradicted by the results of the two genotypes in our experiment. This discloses a potential to be further exploited in programmes of biomass utilization for various end uses, although further evidence at greenhouse and field level is needed to corroborate this finding.

Sodium toxicity and cation imbalance in dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

1974 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali T. Ayoub ◽  
H. M. Ishag
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Sodic Soil ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Sodium Accumulation ◽  
Unit Leaf ◽  
Sodium Toxicity ◽  
Relative Water

SummaryLeaf burn and gradual death were the characteristic symptoms of injury in P. vulgaris sown on a sodic soil. Plant growth, total leaf area per plant, number of stomata and epidermal cells per unit leaf area, and relative water content were drastically reduced in injured plants; these were associated with large sodium accumulation in the shoot resulting in cation imbalance.

Leaf growth and K+/Na+ ratio as an indication of the salt tolerance of three sorghum cultivars grown under salinity stress and IAA treatment

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Azooz ◽  
M. A. Shaddad ◽  
A. A. Abdel-Latef
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Relative Water

The salt tolerance of three sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) cultivars (Dorado, Hagen Shandawil and Giza 113) and their responses to shoot spraying with 25 ppm IAA were studied. Salinity stress induced substantial differences between the three sorghum cultivars in the leaf area, dry mass, relative water content and tolerance index of the leaves. Dorado and Hagen Shandawil tolerated salinity up to 88 and 44 mM NaCl, respectively, but above this level, and at all salinity levels in Giza 113, a significant reduction in these parameters was recorded. The rate of reduction was lower in Dorado than in Hagen Shandawil and Giza 113, allowing the sequence Dorado ? Hagen Shandawil ? Giza 113 to be established for the tolerance of these cultivars to salinity. The differences in the tolerance of the sorghum cultivars were associated with large differences in K+ rather than in Na+, which was found to be similar in the whole plant. The youngest leaf was able to maintain a higher K+ content than the oldest leaf. Consequently the K+/Na+ ratios were higher in the most salt-tolerant cultivar Dorado than in the other sorghum cultivars, and in the youngest than in the oldest leaf. In conformity with this mechanism, the stimulatory effect of the exogenous application of IAA was mostly associated with a higher K+/Na+ ratio. Shoot spraying with IAA partially alleviated the inhibitory effect of salinity on leaf growth and on the K+ and Ca2+ contents, especially at low and moderate levels of salinity, while it markedly retarded the accumulation of Na+ in the different organs of sorghum cultivars. Abbreviations: LA: Leaf area, DM: Dry mass, I Indole acetic acid, RWC: Relative water content,TI: Tolerance index

scholarly journals Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes for Morpho-physiological Traits along with Grain Fe and Zn Content

2020 ◽  
pp. 130-140
Author(s):  
Mainak Barman ◽  
Vinay Kumar Choudhary ◽  
Satish Kumar Singh ◽  
Rabiya Parveen ◽  
Abhishek K. Gowda
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Relative Water

Character association studies help in assessing the relationship among yield and its components to enhance the selection utility. In view of this, the present research was carried out for assessing correlation and path coefficients among 30 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes using fifteen quantitative parameters. Correlation analysis demonstrated a noteworthy positive relationship of days to fifty per cent flowering, number of tillers/plant, flag leaf area, spike length, plant height, chlorophyll content, relative water content, number of grains/ ear, thousand-grain weight, days to maturity and harvest index, with grain yield per plant at both the phenotypic and genotypic level except canopy temperature which showed a significant negative relationship. Path coefficient analysis revealed that plant height, flag leaf area, relative water content and grain per ear had the maximum positive direct effect on grain yield. Hence, the present investigation can be helpful in executing a reliable selection of parental lines based on these above mentioned traits in addition to developing high-yielding varieties for further breeding programme.

scholarly journals Effect of weather variability on growth and yield of wheat crop under semi-arid region of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
ANANTA VASHISTH ◽  
AVINASH GOYAL ◽  
P. KRISHANAN
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Relative Water

For generating different weather conditions during various phenological stages, experiments were conducted on two varieties of wheat (HD-2967 and HD-3086) sown on three different dates at the research farm of IARI, New Delhi during rabi 2015-16 and 2016-17. Soil temperature, soil moisture, leaf area index, biomass, chlorophyll content, radiation interceptions were measured during different crop growth stages. Number of days taken for each phenological stage was observed and thermal time for different phenological stages were calculated. Results showed that first sown crop had higher value of crop growth parameters and yield as compared to second and third sown crop.HD-3086 had higher value of LAI, biomass and yield than HD-2967. Grain yield had significant positive correlation with growing degree days during grain filling stage. Soil temperature measured at 2.21 PMat 5, 10, 15, 20 cm depth had 1-5°C lower value than the air temperature. Soil moisture measured at 0-15, 15-30, 30-45 and 45-60 cm depths had slightly higher soil moisture for HD-3086 as compared to corresponding value in HD-2967 during emergence, flowering and grain filling stages. Percentage relative water content in HD-2967 was found to be higher in first sown crop followed by second and third sown crop. However, in HD-3086, percentage relative water content was found to be higher in first sown crop followed by third and second sown crop. Grain yield had significant positive correlation with relative water content during different phenological stages. HD-3086hadhigherradiation use efficiency as compared to HD-2967 in all weather conditions.

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