scholarly journals Genetic diversity in the U.S. hard red winter wheat cultivars as revealed by microsatellite markers

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Prasad ◽  
M. A. Babar ◽  
X. Y. Xu ◽  
G. H. Bai ◽  
A. R. Klatt
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

Knowledge of the genetic diversity existing in previously released hard red winter wheat (HRWW, Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars in the Great Plains region, United States, is essential for effective utilisation of these genetic resources in the various HRWW breeding programs. To ascertain a measure of the genetic diversity of the existing US HRWW, 60 cultivars were analysed with 62 microsatellite markers distributed throughout the wheat genome. Marker data were subjected to distance-based analysis and analysis of molecular variances. In total, 341 polymorphic alleles were scored with a range of 2–12 alleles per locus. Genetic diversity gradually increased in cultivars released after the 1970s. Cultivars released in the 1990s had the highest allelic richness (4.79), gene diversity (0.60), and polymorphic information content (0.56). Levels of genetic diversity were similar between the major HRWW breeding programs. Cluster analysis resulted in eight clusters. Cluster grouping gave close matches with pedigrees and with regional distribution of the cultivars. Using decadal information, cultivars released from 1900–1969 were grouped into one cluster, cultivars from 1990–2005 were grouped into a separate cluster, whereas cultivars from the 1980s did not group with any other decades. Analysis of molecular variance revealed a significant variation among the clusters, signifying that a true genetic variation existed among the clusters. The higher proportion of genetic variation explained by cultivars within clusters compared with among clusters indicates greater genetic diversity among cultivars within clusters. Our results indicate that genetic diversity of Great Plains HRWW cultivars has increased in the past century, and the trend is continuing.

scholarly journals Physiologic Specialization of Puccinia triticina on Wheat in the United States in 2012

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 1145-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A Kolmer ◽  
M. E. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
The United States ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Soft Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

Collections of Puccinia triticina were obtained from rust-infected leaves provided by cooperators throughout the United States and from wheat fields and breeding plots by United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service personnel and cooperators in the Great Plains, Ohio River Valley, southeastern states, and Washington State and Idaho in order to determine the virulence of the wheat leaf rust population in 2012. Single uredinial isolates (501 in total) were derived from the collections and tested for virulence phenotype on 20 lines of ‘Thatcher’ wheat that are near-isogenic for leaf rust resistance genes. In 2012, 74 virulence phenotypes were described in the United States. Virulence phenotypes TNBGJ, TCRKG, and MBTNB were the three most common phenotypes. Phenotype TNBGJ is virulent to Lr39/41 and was widely distributed throughout the hard red winter wheat region of the Great Plains. Phenotype TCRKG is virulent to Lr11, Lr18, and Lr26 and was found mostly in the soft red winter wheat region in the eastern United States. Phenotype MBTNB is virulent to Lr11 and was also found mostly in the soft red winter wheat region. The frequency of isolates with virulence to Lr39/41, which is present in many hard red winter wheat cultivars in the Great Plains region, continued to increase. Isolates with virulence to Lr21, which is present in many hard red spring wheat cultivars, also continued to increase in frequency in the northern Great Plains region.

Economics of foliar fungicides for hard red winter wheat in the USA southern Great Plains

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathanael M. Thompson ◽  
Francis M. Epplin ◽  
Jeffrey T. Edwards ◽  
Robert M. Hunger
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Southern Great Plains ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

scholarly journals A Backcross Line of Thatcher Wheat with Adult Plant Leaf Rust Resistance Derived from Duster Wheat has Lr46 and Lr77

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Kolmer ◽  
Z. Su ◽  
A. Bernardo ◽  
G. Bai ◽  
S. Chao
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Ril Population ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

The widely grown hard red winter wheat cultivar Duster released in 2006 has remained highly resistant to leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina in the southern Great Plains of the United States. In contrast, many of the winter wheat cultivars in this region are susceptible to leaf rust. The goal of this study was to identify the number and chromosome location of leaf rust resistance genes in a line of Thatcher*2/Duster wheat that was selected for adult plant leaf rust resistance. The Thatcher*2/Duster line was crossed with Thatcher (Tc) and a recombinant line inbred line (RIL) population was advanced to the F6 generation by single-seed descent. The parents and RIL population were phenotyped for leaf rust resistance in three field plot tests and in an adult plant greenhouse test. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers derived from the Illumina Infinium iSelect 90K wheat SNP array, kompetitive allele-specific polymerase chain reaction assays on chromosome 3BL, and a sequence tagged site (STS) marker on chromosome 1BL were used to construct a genetic map of the RIL population. The STS marker csLV46G22 that is linked with resistance gene Lr46 on chromosome 1BL, and SNP marker IWB10344 that is linked with Lr77 on chromosome 3BL, were significantly associated with lower leaf rust severity. Duster has at least three adult plant resistance genes for leaf rust resistance because it was previously determined to also have the adult plant resistance gene Lr34. Duster is a valuable source of durable leaf rust resistance for hard red winter wheat improvement in the Great Plains region.

Genetic Variation for Nitrogen Use in Soft Red ✕ Hard Red Winter Wheat Populations

Crop Science ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 626-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. May ◽  
D. A. Van Sanford ◽  
C. T. MacKown ◽  
P. L. Cornelius
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

Correlated Inheritance of Maturity and Quality Factors in a Hard Red Winter Wheat Cross 1

Crop Science ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Schlehuber ◽  
D. C. Abbott ◽  
B. R. Jackson ◽  
B. C. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cross

Registration of Two Hessian Fly Resistant Hard Red Winter Wheat Germplasms

Crop Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1220-1220
Author(s):  
O. G. Merkle ◽  
J. H. Hatchett ◽  
E. L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Hessian Fly ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

Registration of 1B Versus 1RS.1BL Near‐Isoline Genetic Stocks from Two Hard Red Winter Wheat Populations

Crop Science ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 1120-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. F. Carver ◽  
A. L. Rayburn ◽  
R. M. Hunger ◽  
E. L. Smith ◽  
W. E. Whitmore
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Genetic Stocks ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

Registration of KS89WGRC9 Stress‐Tolerant Hard Red Winter Wheat Germplasm

Crop Science ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Sears ◽  
T. S. Cox ◽  
G. M. Paulsen
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Germplasm ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Red Winter Wheat
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