A Simple Preparation of Bis(η-cyclopentadienyl)hydrido-(halogeno)tungsten(IV) Complexes

1989 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 587 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Bennett ◽  
HP Schwemlein
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Methyl Iodide ◽  
Simple Preparation

The monohydrido complexes WHX( ή-C5H5)2 (X = CI, Br, I) have been isolated from the reaction of WH2(η-C5H5)2 with, respectively, carbon tetrachloride, bromoform, and methyl iodide.

ORGANIC DEUTERIUM COMPOUNDS: XV. SYNTHESIS OF SOME DEUTERATED ALKANES

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Elaine Leblanc ◽  
A. T. Morse ◽  
L. C. Leitch
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Methyl Iodide ◽  
Zinc Dust ◽  
Deuterium Oxide ◽  
Alkyl Halides ◽  
Ethyl Iodide ◽  
Improved Method

An improved method of preparing deuterated alkanes from the halides has been developed. Dehalogenation of ethyl iodide, 1,1-dibromoethane, and 1,1,1-trichloroethane with zinc dust in deuterium oxide – dioxane solutions, or even with deuterium oxide alone, gave excellent yields of ethane-d1, ethane-1,1-d2, and ethane-1,1,1-d3. Methane-d1, -d2, -d3, and -d4 were prepared similarly from methyl iodide, dibromomethane, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride respectively. The isotopic purity of the products was over 90 mol.%. The reaction is also applicable to higher alkyl halides.

scholarly journals The Effect of Electronic Scavenger Additives on the AC Dielectric Strength of Transformer Mineral Oil

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usama Khaled ◽  
Abderrahmane Beroual
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Weibull Distribution ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Breakdown Voltage ◽  
Methyl Iodide ◽  
Dielectric Strength ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Two Phases

This paper is devoted to the influence of two types of electronic scavenger additives/compounds, namely, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and methyl iodide, which is also called iodomethane (CH3I), on the dielectric strength of transformer mineral oil. The tests are achieved in a sphere-sphere electrodes arrangement under AC voltage according to the IEC 60156 standard. The investigated additive concentrations range from 0 to 600 ppm. The verification of the conformity of the experimental results with normal and Weibull probabilistic distributions as well as the estimation of the breakdown voltage with risk probabilities of 1%, 10%, and 50% are also performed. It is shown that there is an optimum concentration of each type of electronic scavenger compound at which the dielectric strength of the mineral oil is significantly improved (i.e., it reaches a maximum value). This improvement is of 98% with 500 ppm of CH3I and 93% with 200 ppm of CCl4. It is also shown that the breakdown voltage values of all of the investigated samples with and without additives conform to a Weibull distribution but not to a normal distribution. The obtained results are discussed with regard to the possible mechanisms that may be responsible, particularly the two phases of inception and propagation of the streamers.

The adsorption of vapours on mercury. IV. Surface potentials and chemisorption

1950 ◽  
Vol 201 (1066) ◽  
pp. 377-391 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Methyl Iodide ◽  
Surface Potential ◽  
Square Root ◽  
Mercury Lamp ◽  
Mercury Surface ◽  
Rate Of Reaction ◽  
Activated Complex

An apparatus has been constructed to measure the surface potential of adsorbed vapours on mercury. There was shown to be a change in potential of 0.055V at the phase change associated with the alteration in the orientation of toluene molecules adsorbed on the surface of the mercury. Carbon tetrachloride, hexachlorethane and chloroform vapours reacted with mercury, and the rate of the reaction was determined by the accompanying change in surface potential which was over 1V in the case of carbon tetrachloride. The kinetics indicated that the substances were dimerizing under the action of the mercury surface with negligible activation energy. The rate of reaction with carbon tetrachloride was in agreement with the calculated rate, assuming that the activated complex consisted of two physically adsorbed molecules loosely held together and able to move over the surface. Methyl iodide vapour was found to react with mercury only when illuminated with light from a mercury lamp. There was little change of surface potential associated with this reaction, but the kinetics were determined from the irreversible changes in the surface tension of the mercury. It was found that the rate of reaction depended on the square root of the light intensity, which suggested that the methyl iodide was being dissociated into radicals, which in turn reacted with the mercury.

Post-fumigation productivity of Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)

1982 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rajendran
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Methyl Iodide ◽  
Methyl Bromide ◽  
Ethylene Dibromide ◽  
Trogoderma Granarium

AbstractThe productivity of adults of Trogoderma granarium Everts was reduced following fumigation of the larvae with high dosages of carbon tetrachloride, ethylene dibromide or phosphine. Carbon dioxide, ethylene oxide, methyl bromide, methyl iodide and trichloroethylene had little influence on the productivity. From 0 to 23 % of surviving larvae diapaused compared with 3 % of untreated ones.

Post-fumigation productivity of Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) exposed to acrylonitrile, adjuvants of acrylonitrile, acrylonitrilel-adjuvant mixtures and other modern fumigants

1981 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rajendran ◽  
M. Muthu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Methyl Iodide ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Ethylene Dibromide ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae ◽  
Chloride Methyl

AbstractLD50 doses of chloropicrin, ethylene oxide, ethylene dibromide, acrylonitrile plus 8% carbon dioxide, and acrylonitrile plus ethylene dibromide were found to decrease the productivity of adults of Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.). Acrylonitrile, acrylonitrile plus methyl iodide and phosphine caused a reduction in productivity in S. oryzae but not in T. castaneum. Carbon dioxide decreased the productivity of T. castaneum. Carbon tetrachloride, methylene chloride, methyl bromide, methyl iodide, acrylonitrile plus carbon tetrachloride and acrylonitrile plus methylene chloride had little influence on the productivity. The productivity of T. castaneum exposed to trichloroethylene and acrylonitrile plus trichloroethylene was higher than in control batches. After exposure to acrylonitrile, reduced productivity was noted in adults of Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) that had been exposed as adults or pupae, and in T. castaneum but not S. oryzae that had been exposed as pupae.

Scanning electron microscopy of human iliac bone by a simple preparation method

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-227
Author(s):  
Toshihiko Takita ◽  
Tomonori Naguro ◽  
Toshio Kameie ◽  
Akihiro Iino ◽  
Kichizo Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Real Surface ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
The Real ◽  
Simple Preparation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Recently with the increase in advanced age population, the osteoporosis becomes the object of public attention in the field of orthopedics. The surface topography of the bone by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is one of the most useful means to study the bone metabolism, that is considered to make clear the mechanism of the osteoporosis. Until today many specimen preparation methods for SEM have been reported. They are roughly classified into two; the anorganic preparation and the simple preparation. The former is suitable for observing mineralization, but has the demerit that the real surface of the bone can not be observed and, moreover, the samples prepared by this method are extremely fragile especially in the case of osteoporosis. On the other hand, the latter has the merit that the real information of the bone surface can be obtained, though it is difficult to recognize the functional situation of the bone.

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