Electrochemical Reduction of Aromatic Ketones in N,N-Dimethylformamide Containing Benzoic Acid. Effect of the Basicity of the Carbonyl Group

1988 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Kwiatek ◽  
MK Kalinowski
Keyword(s):  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Carbonyl Group ◽  
Carbonyl Compound ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Acidity Constant ◽  
Polarographic Reduction ◽  
Aromatic Ketones ◽  
Acid Effect

The effect of benzoic acid on the polarographic reduction of a series of aromatic ketones in N,N- dimethylformamide has been investigated. In the presence of this acid a new cathodic wave (pre-wave) appears at more positive potentials than the original (orig.) wave of the reactant. A linear correlation has been found between ΔE½ and the pKBH+ values, where ΔE½ = E½ pre.wave -E½orig.wave and pKBH+ stands for the negative logarithm of the acidity constant of the protonated ketone . It is concluded that the pre-wave is associated with the cathodic reduction of a hydrogen-bonded adduct of 1 : 1 type formed between the carbonyl compound and the acid in the double layer. The effect of the double layer on the basicity of the ketones is discussed.

Polarographic reduction of α-(4-ethylbenzoyl)-α,β-dibromopropionic acid on mercury dropping electrode

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 1318-1323
Author(s):  
Miloslava Počtová
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Carbonyl Group ◽  
Polarographic Reduction ◽  
Polarographic Wave ◽  
Intermediate Products ◽  
Active Intermediate

A mechanism of the electrochemical reduction of β-(4-ethylbenzoyl)-α,β-dibromopropionic acid is suggested based on the results of classical polarography and polarography with Kalousek's switch and on the identification of the polarographically active intermediate products. The substance converts to β-4-ethylbenzoylacrylic acid on the electrochemical elimination of the bromine atoms, and the latter acid is reduced further to β-4-ethylbenzoylpropionic acid. The most negative polarographic wave corresponds to the reduction of the carbonyl group in the benzoyl part of the last acid.

The Polarographic Reduction of Diazoacetone

1974 ◽  
Vol 29 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 489-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio Paliani ◽  
Salvatore Sorriso ◽  
Sandro Maria Murgia
Keyword(s):  
Acid Solution ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Alkaline Media ◽  
Polarographic Reduction

The electrochemical reduction of diazoacetone in 10 % water: ethanol solution, between pH = 3 and pH = 9, has been studied. Two waves have been observed in acid solution: the first is attributed to the reduction of diazoacetone to aminoacetone and the second one to the reduction of 2,5-dimethyldihydropyrazine (formed by dimerization of the aminoacetone) to 2,5-dimethylpiperazine. In neutral and alkaline media the first wave splits into two waves corresponding to a reduction of diazoacetone to hydrazone and aminoacetone.

BENZOIC ACID EFFECT IN THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO IN CALCAREOUS SOIL

2012 ◽  
pp. 251-256
Author(s):  
A. Benavides-Mendoza ◽  
D. Burgos-Limón ◽  
H. Ramírez ◽  
V. Robledo-Torres ◽  
A. Sandoval-Rangel
Keyword(s):  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Acid Effect

Electrochemical Reduction of Benzoic Acid and Substituted Benzoic Acids in Some Room Temperature Ionic Liquids

2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (33) ◽  
pp. 12966-12973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debbie S. Silvester ◽  
Weisi He ◽  
Leigh Aldous ◽  
Christopher Hardacre ◽  
Richard G. Compton
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature Ionic Liquids ◽  
Benzoic Acids ◽  
Substituted Benzoic Acids

Réduction électrochimique de dérivés carbonylés en milieu non aqueux en présence de EuCl3•6H2O

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamaâ Douch ◽  
Guy Mousset
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Ligand Exchange ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Nonaqueous Solvent ◽  
Aromatic Ketones ◽  
Voltammetric Study ◽  
Electrode Interface

The electrochemical reduction of aromatic or α,β ethylenic aromatic ketones in nonaqueous solvent (DMF) has been performed in the presence of EuCl3•6H2O. Ligand exchange between DMF and water molecules of the europium salt was first studied. A voltammetric study shows that complexation involving electrogenerated Eu(II) and ketone may occur at the electrode interface or in solution, leading respectively to [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] stoichiometries. The stereochemistry of hydrodimerization products is studied.

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