The Iodine Propanenitrile Water-System. Effects of Added Salts on Distribution Coefficient and Conductivity

1987 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
J Avraamides
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Coefficient ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Water System ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Metal Halides ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Zinc Iodide

Distribution coefficients for iodine in the propanenitrile-water solvent system were measured as a function of the nature and concentration of various added metal halides. BothNaCl and KI at concentrations between 1 and 3 M had a positive effect on the distribution coefficient. Zinc halides, particularly zinc iodide, tended to lower the distribution coefficient significantly and also raised the conductivity of the organic phase. These studies suggest that the two-phase solvent system is suitable for application in a zinc-iodine battery.

scholarly journals Extraction Recovery of Vanadium(V) by Amines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmila D. Kurbatova ◽  
Olga V. Koryakova ◽  
Marina S. Valova
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Distribution Coefficient ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Extraction Recovery ◽  
Medium Concentration ◽  
Solvent Type

The extraction of vanadium (V) by N-(2-hydroxy-5-nonylbenzyl)-β, β- dihydroxyethylamine was studied depending on different factors, such as pH of the medium, concentration of extracting agent, temperature and solvent type. This allowed the optimal extraction conditions to be determined. It was shown that extraction of vanadium (V) takes place with high distribution coefficients, and a complex containing a decavanadate anion and four molecules of the extractant is formed in the organic phase. The extracted vanadium (V) complex with amine is stable for more than one month. Keywords: extraction, vanadium, distribution coefficient, infrared spectroscopy

Conversion of glucose into furans in the presence of AlCl3 in an ethanol–water solvent system

2012 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 190-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Yang ◽  
Changwei Hu ◽  
Mahdi M. Abu-Omar
Keyword(s):  
Solvent System ◽  
Water Solvent

Consideration on modeling of Nb sorption onto clay minerals

2020 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 873-877
Author(s):  
Tetsuji Yamaguchi ◽  
Saki Ohira ◽  
Ko Hemmi ◽  
Logan Barr ◽  
Asako Shimada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Coefficient ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Surface Species ◽  
Complex Species ◽  
Intermediate Depth ◽  
Speciation Model ◽  
Surface Phases ◽  
High Distribution Coefficient

AbstractSorption distribution coefficient (Kd) of niobium-94 on minerals are an important parameter in safety assessment of intermediate-depth disposal of waste from core internals etc. The Kd of Nb on clay minerals in Ca(ClO4)2 solutions were, however, not successfully modeled in a previous study. The high distribution coefficients of Nb on illite in Ca(ClO4)2 solutions were successfully reproduced by taking Ca–Nb–OH surface species into account. Solubility of Nb was studied in Ca(ClO4)2 solutions and the results were reproduced by taking an aqueous Ca–Nb–OH complex species, CaNb(OH)6+, into account in addition to previously reported Nb(OH)6− and Nb(OH)72−. Based on this aqueous speciation model, the Ca–Nb–OH surface species responsible for the sorption of Nb on illite in Ca(ClO4)2 solutions was presumed to be X_OCaNb(OH)6. Although uncertainties exist in the speciation of aqueous Ca–Nb–OH species, the result of this study proposed a possible mechanism for high distribution coefficient of Nb on illite in Ca(ClO4)2 solutions. The mechanism includes Ca–Nb–OH complex formation in aqueous, solid and surface phases.

Effect of Cellulose Coating on Properties of Cotton Fabric

2016 ◽  
Vol 860 ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
Bandu Madhukar Kale ◽  
Jakub Wiener ◽  
Jiri Militky ◽  
Hafiz Shahzad Maqsood
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Dissolving Pulp ◽  
Cotton Fibers ◽  
Cellulose Solution ◽  
Dyeing Properties ◽  
Sem Micrographs ◽  
Coated Substrate ◽  
Water Solvent

Cellulose solution was used for coating and it was prepared by dissolving pulp cellulose in Urea-Thiourea-NaOH-Water solvent system. Reactive Red 240 dye was used for dyeing the coated as well as control cotton fabric. The effect of cellulose coating on the dyeing properties of cotton fabric was studied by measuring K/S values of the coated substrate at various concentrations of cellulose and dye. K/S value decreased after coating cellulose on the surface of cotton fabric. The lightness of cotton fabric increased after cellulose coating. SEM micrographs revealed that coated cellulose was attached to cotton fibers. Tensile strength increased after cellulose coating.

The distribution coefficients of phenol and substituted phenols in the ammonium sulfate-poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone-water system

2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 568-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Churilina ◽  
P. T. Sukhanov ◽  
Ya. I. Korenman ◽  
A. N. Il’in ◽  
G. V. Shatalov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Water System ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Substituted Phenols

scholarly journals Pyrolyzing Renewable Sugar and Taurine on the Surface of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes as Heterogeneous Catalysts for Hydroxymethylfurfural Production

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiping Ji ◽  
Jie Fu ◽  
Tianfu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Metal Salt ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Hydrothermal Stability ◽  
Transportation Fuels ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Conversion of biorenewable feedstocks into transportation fuels or chemicals likely necessitates the development of novel heterogeneous catalysts with good hydrothermal stability, due to the nature of highly oxygenated biomass compounds and the prevalence of water as a processing solvent. The use of carbon-based materials, derived from sugars as catalyst precursors, can achieve hydrothermal stability while simultaneously realizing the goal of sustainability. In this work, the simultaneous pyrolysis of glucose and taurine in the presence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), to obtain versatile solid acids, has been demonstrated. Structural and textural properties of the catalysts have been characterized by TEM, TGA, and XPS. Additionally, solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy has been exploited to elucidate the chemical nature of carbon species deposited on the surface of MWCNTs. Al(OTf)3, a model Lewis acidic metal salt, has been successfully supported on sulfonic groups tethered to MWCNTs. This catalyst has been tested for C6 sugar dehydration for the production of HMF in a tetrahydrofuran (THF)/water solvent system with good recyclability.

scholarly journals Removal of lindane from wastewater using liquid-liquid extraction process

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrasing D. Patil ◽  
Yogita S. Patil ◽  
Bhausaheb L. Pangarkar
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Coefficient ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Triangular Diagram ◽  
Pesticide Pollution ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
The Right

Abstract Pesticide pollution is a serious problem being faced. Harmful levels of pesticides are found in the water which is used for daily purposes. In the event of such a scenario, this paper presents a working solution for bringing down the Pesticide levels in the water to safe levels by using the method of liquid-liquid extraction. The experimental liquid-liquid equilibrium data on pesticide-water-solvent ternary mixtures at a temperature of 288.15 K are presented here. The pesticide used here is a chlorinated hydrocarbon called lindane found in the water (underground, land), beverages and foods. The solvents used are Petro-ether-Chloroform (1:1), Ethylene di chloride and n-hexane. The equilibrium generation diagram, triangular diagram, tie lines and bimodal curves as well as the distribution coefficient have been determined and reported. The petro-ether-chloroform was found to be the right solvent for the separation of lindane from wastewater because of high selectivity (25.36) and distribution coefficient (4). The extraction process is simulated into ‘C’ language

The Design Features of Integrated Modular Water Reactor (IMR)

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Kanagawa ◽  
Masashi Goto ◽  
Shuji Usui ◽  
Tadahiko Suzuta ◽  
Akimi Serizawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Water System ◽  
Heat Removal ◽  
Volume Control ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Primary System ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Water Reactor ◽  
Reactor Coolant

Small-to-medium-sized (300–600MWe) reactors are required for the electric power market in the near future (2010–2030). The main theme in the development of small-to-medium-sized reactor is how to realize competitive cost against other energy sources. As measures to this disadvantage, greatly simplified and downsized design is needed. From such point of view, Integrated Modular Water Reactor (IMR), which electric output power is 350 MWe, adopts integrated and high temperature two-phase natural circulation system for the primary system. In this design, main coolant pipes, a pressurizer, and reactor coolant pumps are not needed, and the sizes of a reactor vessel and steam generators are minimized. Additionally, to enhance the economy of the whole plant, fluid system, and Instrumentation & Control system of IMR have also been reviewed to make them simplest and smallest taking the advantage of the IMR concept and the state of the art technologies. For example, the integrated primary system and the stand-alone direct heat removal system make the safety system very simple, i.e., no injection, no containment spray, no emergency AC power, etc. The chemical and volume control system is also simplified by eliminating the boron control system and the seal water system of reactor coolant pumps. In this paper, the status of the IMR development and the outline of the IMR design efforts to achieve the simplest and smallest plant are presented.

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