Studies of Australian soft corals. XXX. A novel trisnorsesquiterpene from a Cespitularia species and the isolation of guaiazulene from a small blue Alcyonium species

1983 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
BF Bowden ◽  
JC Coll ◽  
DM Tapiolas
Keyword(s):  
Soft Coral ◽  
Soft Corals ◽  
Optical Antipode

A novel trisnorsesquiterpene (1,4-dimethyl-2,3,3a,4,5,6-hexahydroazulene) and an optical antipode of the known sesquiterpene cubebol have been isolated from the soft coral Cespitularia species. The pigment in a small blue Alcyonium species has been identified as guaiazulene.

scholarly journals Species Diversity and Secondary Metabolites of Sarcophyton-Associated Marine Fungi

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3227
Author(s):  
Yuanwei Liu ◽  
Kishneth Palaniveloo ◽  
Siti Aisyah Alias ◽  
Jaya Seelan Sathiya Seelan
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
Marine Fungi ◽  
Indole Alkaloids ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Soft Corals ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Symbiotic Relationships ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites

Soft corals are widely distributed across the globe, especially in the Indo-Pacific region, with Sarcophyton being one of the most abundant genera. To date, there have been 50 species of identified Sarcophyton. These soft corals host a diverse range of marine fungi, which produce chemically diverse, bioactive secondary metabolites as part of their symbiotic nature with the soft coral hosts. The most prolific groups of compounds are terpenoids and indole alkaloids. Annually, there are more bio-active compounds being isolated and characterised. Thus, the importance of the metabolite compilation is very much important for future reference. This paper compiles the diversity of Sarcophyton species and metabolites produced by their associated marine fungi, as well as the bioactivity of these identified compounds. A total of 88 metabolites of structural diversity are highlighted, indicating the huge potential these symbiotic relationships hold for future research.

Studies of Australian soft corals. VI - a new cembranolide diterpene from the soft coral lobophytum crassum

1977 ◽  
Vol 18 (41) ◽  
pp. 3661-3662 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.F. Bowden ◽  
J.A. Brittle ◽  
J.C. Coll ◽  
N. Liyanage ◽  
S.J. Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Coral ◽  
Soft Corals

Studies of Australian soft corals. IX. A novel nor-diterpene from the soft coral Sinularia leptoclados

1978 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 2049 ◽  
Author(s):  
BF Bowden ◽  
JC Coll ◽  
SJ Mitchell ◽  
J Mulder ◽  
GJ Stokie
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Soft Corals ◽  
X Ray

The structure of a novel nor-cembranoid diterpene of formula C19H24O6 (1) is reported. The compound was extracted from the soft coral Sinularia leptoclados, and spectroscopic data were collected on the parent compound (1) and a series of derivatives. It was not possible to assign an unambiguous structure on purely spectroscopic grounds, and so single-crystal X-ray analysis was used to prove the structure (1): (4R*,8S*,11R*,13S*,14R*)-14-hydroxy-4-isopropenyl-11-methyl-6,9-dioxo-8,11-epoxycyclotetradec-1-ene-1,13-carbolactone.

scholarly journals Chemical Diversity of Soft Coral Steroids and Their Pharmacological Activities

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 613
Author(s):  
Ekaterina V. Ermolenko ◽  
Andrey B. Imbs ◽  
Tatyana A. Gloriozova ◽  
Vladimir V. Poroikov ◽  
Tatyana V. Sikorskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Activity ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Soft Corals ◽  
Related Activity ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Steroid Glycosides ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Specific Activities

The review is devoted to the chemical diversity of steroids produced by soft corals and their determined and potential activities. There are about 200 steroids that belong to different types of steroids such as secosteroids, spirosteroids, epoxy- and peroxy-steroids, steroid glycosides, halogenated steroids, polyoxygenated steroids and steroids containing sulfur or nitrogen heteroatoms. Of greatest interest is the pharmacological activity of these steroids. More than 40 steroids exhibit antitumor and related activity with a confidence level of over 90 percent. A group of 32 steroids shows anti-hypercholesterolemic activity with over 90 percent confidence. Ten steroids exhibit anti-inflammatory activity and 20 steroids can be classified as respiratory analeptic drugs. Several steroids exhibit rather rare and very specific activities. Steroids exhibit anti-osteoporotic properties and can be used to treat osteoporosis, as well as have strong anti-eczemic and anti-psoriatic properties and antispasmodic properties. Thus, this review is probably the first and exclusive to present the known as well as the potential pharmacological activities of 200 marine steroids.

scholarly journals Isolation and structure elucidation of natural products of three soft corals and a sponge from the coast of Madagascar

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2593-2608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Pascaline Rahelivao ◽  
Tilo Lübken ◽  
Margit Gruner ◽  
Olga Kataeva ◽  
Rahanira Ralambondrahety ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Structure Elucidation ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
Soft Corals

The Madagascan soft coralCapnella fungiformisprovided the two diastereoisomeric ethyl furancarboxylates1and2and the diepoxyguaiane sesquiterpene oxyfungiformin (3).

Predation on soft corals (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
JK Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Great Barrier Reef ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
Barrier Reef ◽  
Soft Corals ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Bite Marks ◽  
First Time ◽  
Predation Rates

Quantitative evidence on predation rates on soft corals is presented for the first time. These measured predation rates were low. Less than 1% of the soft coral colonies present in mapped areas at Heron Island and Beaver Reefs had bite marks. Evidence suggests that over 51% of these bite marks were more than two months old. Predators included the mollusc Ovula ovum and two species of chaetodontid fishes that have not been recorded before as feeding on soft corals.

scholarly journals Comparison of Symbiotic Bacterial Community of Soft Corals Sarcophyton and Sinularia of the Hainan Province, (South China Sea, China)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Hao Lu ◽  
Alireza Asem ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Weidong Li ◽  
PeiZheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
South China ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Coral Species ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Symbiotic Bacteria ◽  
Hainan Province ◽  
Soft Corals

Changes in the microbial community associated with environmental impacts can lead to opportunistic infections, coral disease and death. Diversity analysis and community comparison were performed on 23 collected soft Coral specimens from South China See surrounding Hainan Province (China) based on Illumina MiSeq sequencing. The results showed that Proteobacteria was the main symbiotic bacteria in soft corals. In the same geographical location, the diversity and abundance of symbiotic bacteria in the genus Sinularia are higher than genus Sarcophyton. Unlike Sinularia, the genus Sarcophyton is more inclined to Tenericutes. Furthermore, the same coral species has different bacterial community structure in different environments. The temperature difference between sampling points at 2 ℃ is the main factor affecting the results. A large number of Endozoicomonas found in stone corals have not become the dominant bacteria associated with soft corals. Coral-related pathogenic bacteria were not found in this investigation. This study provided a baseline for future studies of soft coral microbiomes, and assessment of functions of host metabolites and soft coral holobionts. Our result documented that same coral species in each locality represent identical pattern of bacterial diversity and community.

scholarly journals Comparison of lipid compositions of soft coral Sinularia brassica collected in different coastal regions of Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-291
Author(s):  
Dang Thi Phuong Ly ◽  
Nguyen Thi Nga ◽  
Dang Thi Minh Tuyet ◽  
Pham Minh Quan ◽  
Andrey Imbs Borisovich
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Soft Corals ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Nha Trang Bay ◽  
Quang Ninh

Five soft coral samples belonging to the same specimen Sinularia brassica were collected in the coastal area of Ha Long Quang Ninh, Nhat Le beach, Quang Binh, Hon Vang - Thanh Hoa and Nha Trang areas (2014–2016), these samples were examined and analyzed by total lipid content, content and composition of lipid and fatty acids. Highest total lipid content was found in the sample SHM 09 collected in Nha Trang bay (1.11%), and the lowest total lipid content was in HL-SHM 07 collected in Ha Long, Quang Ninh (0.68%).The lipid composition of samples contained basic classes such as polar lipids, sterols, free fatty acids, triacylglycerols, monoankyldiacylglycerols, hydrocarbons and waxes. In studied soft corals, there are the appearance of all fatty acids from C12 to C24. There are differences in composition and content of lipids and fatty acids in samples collected in different locations: Samples collected at Nha Trang bay contain more polyunsaturated fatty acids than the other samples collected in Ha Long, Thanh Hoa, Quang Binh. Another two samples, collected in Hon Vang (Thanh Hoa) have similar composition and content of lipid classes, the composition and content of fatty acids in total lipids. The obtained results also show the significant impact of habitat and time of acquisition on the studied subject.

scholarly journals Influence of Anthropogenic Pressures on the Bioactivity Potential of Sponges and Soft Corals in the Coral Reef Environment

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Hedi Indra Januar ◽  
Ekowati Chasanah ◽  
Dianne M. Tapiolas ◽  
Cherie A. Motti ◽  
Catherine H. Liptrot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Soft Corals ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Reef Environment ◽  
Phosphate Nitrate ◽  
Coral Reef Environment

The wealth of marine sponges and soft corals in Indonesian waters represents a rich source of natural products. However, anthropogenic pressures potentially decrease diversity in coral reefs. Presented here are trends for tropical sponge and soft coral biodiversity and their bioactivity potential under the influence of increasing anthropogenic pressures. Samples were collected along transects (near, mid, and far) at Karimunjawa and Seribu Islands Marine National Parks and environmental parameters (salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), phosphate, nitrate, and ammonia), sponge and soft coral biodiversity, and the bioactivity potential of those organisms (50% Growth Inhibition (GI50) of cancer cell lines H460-Lung, MCF7-Breast, and SF268-CNS) are compared. The environmental conditions and biodiversity were found to be significantly different between groups of sampling sites (P<0.05). Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA) revealed DO was the discriminant factor driving the separation between groups (90.1%). Diversity tended to be higher in the Far group with strong and significant relation to DO (R= 0.611, P<0.05) and ammonia (R = -0.812, P<0.05). The CDA also showed that an increase in bioactivity (low % GI50) of sponge and soft coral extracts was related to a canonical function (57.21%) consisting of high DO, high pH, and low nutrients. These findings indicate the production of bioactive compounds is related to diversity and complexity of coral reef systems. Therefore, strategies for marine protection by mitigating the impacts of anthropogenic pressures needs to be optimized in order to conserve the overall environment and sustain its natural bioactivity potential indefinitely.

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