Synthesis of reactive dyes for wool employing isocyanate bisulphite adducts

1977 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 897 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Kirkpatrick ◽  
JA Maclaren
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hexamethylene Diisocyanate ◽  
Reactive Group

Syntheses of azo dyes which incorporate a bisulphite-isocyanate adduct as a ?masked? reactive group are described. Two general methods are used. One is based on couplings with diazotized sodium 4- aminobenzylaminooxomethanesulphonate (2). The other is achieved by coupling aromatic dia- zonium salts with sodium 6-(3?- dimethylaminophenylureido)hexylaminooxomethanesulphonate (4). The synthesis of (4) involves monofunctional addition of an arylamine to hexamethylene diisocyanate.

Synthesis, thermal stability, electronic features, and antimicrobial activity of phenolic azo dyes and their Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma Bal ◽  
Sedat Bal ◽  
Abdullah Erener ◽  
Hatice Halipci ◽  
Seyhan Akar
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Coordination Compounds ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Antimicrobial And Antifungal Activity

AbstractFour water soluble azo dyes, 4-(isopropyl)-2-[(E)-(4-chlorophenyl)diazenyl]phenol (L 1), 4-(isopropyl)-2-[(E)-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)diazenyl]phenol (L2), 4-(sec-butyl)-2-[(E)-(4-chlorophenyl) diazenyl]phenol (L 3), 4-(sec-butyl)-2-[(E)-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)diazenyl]phenol (L 4), and their Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes were synthesized and characterized using spectroscopic methods. Examination of their thermal stability revealed similar decomposition temperature of approximately 260–300°C and that they were more thermally stable than their metal complexes. Ni(II) complexes of ligands L2 and L4 were more stable than the other coordination compounds. Among the synthesized ligands, L2 and the complexes Cu(L3)2 and Ni(L4)2 showed both antimicrobial and antifungal activity. However, the other ligands and the complexes were poorly active against selected microorganisms.

Isolation and preliminary characterization of a fraction of bilirubin in serum that is firmly bound to protein.

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
J J Lauff ◽  
M E Kasper ◽  
T W Wu ◽  
R T Ambrose
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Diazonium Salt ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Strong Acid ◽  
The Other ◽  
Direct Reaction ◽  
Fraction Absorbed ◽  
Chromatographic Peaks ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract We have isolated from pathological sera a bilirubin fraction (delta) that is very tightly, if not covalently, bound to protein, most likely albumin. This delta fraction absorbed at a lambda max of 433 nm in the visible spectrum, between the lambda max of unconjugated (alpha) and that of conjugated (Bc) bilirubin when measured in solutions containing albumin. However, unlike the other bilirubin species, this fraction could not be separated from the proteins in serum by exhaustive ultrafiltration in the presence of caffeine/benzoate solution. In the Jendrassik-Grof diazo procedure for bilirubin analysis, the delta fraction gave a large direct reaction (76-89% of the total reaction). Yet, when relatively hydrophobic azo dyes were formed by reaction of the delta fraction with the diazonium salt of dichloroaniline, only 50% of the dyes were extractable from aqueous solution. On chromatography the rest remained associated with protein. Of the extractable dye, more than 70% was accounted for by two liquid-chromatographic peaks with retentions identical with those of azo dyes formed from unconjugated bilirubin. This delta fraction was not appreciably separated from protein by treatment with strong acid or base, or by prolonged digestion with various enzymes. Finally, in a highly denaturing solvent (urea/mercaptoethanol), this fraction was not dialyzable through a membrane with a 12 000-dalton cutoff.

An Inhibition Study of the Effect of Azo Dyes on Bioactivity of Biofilms

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Chang Fu ◽  
Hongshen Jiang ◽  
Paul Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Inhibition Study ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Primary Substrate ◽  
Stimulation Of

An inhibition study showed that toxic compounds caused two responses when present at low concentration. One is stimulation of the biomass by simply serving as an energy source; this caused an increase in the total respiration rate. The other is inhibition of the reaction. AR14 was more toxic than AO7 for biofilm from reactors fed with a primary substrate. However, AO7 demonstrated inhibition for biofilm from reactors fed with AR14 and primary substrate, and AR14 could serve as a carbon source for the same film.

Colored Nanoparticles for Ecological Dyeing of Cellulosic Fibres

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 1136-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sampaio ◽  
C. Martins ◽  
Jaime R. Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Blue Colour ◽  
Saving Energy ◽  
Cellulosic Fibers ◽  
Cellulosic Fibres

Dyeing cellulosic fibres with reactive dyes wastes great quantities of salt and water. The objective of this work is to dye cellulosic fibers using colored nanoparticles (CNPs) as an alternative to dyeing with reactive dyes, without salt and without washing off at the end of dyeing. Samples of cotton were dyed by exhaustion with CNPs at medium to dark colours. Build-up of colour compared to samples from previous work is given and shows a big improvement. Washfastness results are given. Washing-off after dyeing was not necessary for the red and yellow colours. The blue colour needs some washing off since the fastness is lower than for the other colours even though soaping is not necessary, saving energy and time relative to dyeing with reactive dyes.

Tissue and Bacterial Splitting of Sulphasalazine

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Azad Khan ◽  
Glynis Guthrie ◽  
H. H. Johnston ◽  
S. C. Truelove ◽  
D. H. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Azo Reductase ◽  
Tissue Homogenates

1. The cleavage of sulphasalazine at the azo bond by bacterial suspensions and tissue homogenates has been studied in vitro. 2. For maximum activity the azo reductase system requires anaerobic conditions and the presence of cofactors, namely NADPH and FAD. in this respect, sulphasalazine resembles other azo dyes. 3. Under optimum conditions all the species of bacteria tested were capable of splitting sulphasalazine and there were no major differences in the degree of activity shown by different species. The enzyme system is located within the bacterial cell and does not leak out of it. 4. All the tissues tested, both human and rat, showed azo reductase activity. The liver showed a much higher activity than the other tissues.

scholarly journals Characterization of PLA/PBSeT Blends Prepared with Various Hexamethylene Diisocyanate Contents

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Sun Jong Kim ◽  
Hyo Won Kwak ◽  
Sangwoo Kwon ◽  
Hyunho Jang ◽  
Su-il Park
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hexamethylene Diisocyanate ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
High Ductility ◽  
Alkaline Conditions

Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is the most widely available commercial bioplastic that is used in various medical and packaging applications and three-dimensional filaments. However, because neat PLA is brittle, it conventionally has been blended with ductile polymers and plasticizers. In this study, PLA was blended with the high-ductility biopolymer poly (butylene-sebacate–co–terephthalate) (PBSeT), and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) was applied as a crosslinking compatibilizer to increase the miscibility between the two polymers. PLA (80%) and PBSeT (20%) were combined with various HDI contents in the range 0.1–1.0 parts-per-hundred rubber (phr) to prepare blends, and the resulting physical, thermal, and hydrolysis properties were analyzed. Fourier-transform infrared analysis confirmed that –NH–C=OO− bonds had formed between the HDI and the other polymers and that the chemical bonding had influenced the thermal behavior. All the HDI-treated specimens showed tensile strengths and elongations higher than those of the control. In particular, the 0.3-phr-HDI specimen showed the highest elongation (exceeding 150%) and tensile strength. In addition, all the specimens were hydrolyzed under alkaline conditions, and all the HDI-treated specimens degraded faster than the neat PLA one.

scholarly journals Biological Consortia Designed for Laccase Production and Dye Removal

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto González ◽  
Roberto Villagómez ◽  
Alfredo Madariaga ◽  
Javier Castro ◽  
César González
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Dye Decolorization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Laccase Production ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Textile Effluents ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Enzyme Isoforms ◽  
Low Efficiency

The potential of biological consortia designed for laccase production and dye treatment is discussed in this review. The poor yields in laccase production and low efficiency in dye decolorization of monoculture-based treatments has encouraged the use of designed biological consortia. A consortium is a system where the growth of two or more organisms, chosen to improve a particular bioprocess, is induced in the same medium. Chemical and natural mediators are being replaced by consortia for the production of laccases because, in addition to being less toxic, they induce new enzyme isoforms and lead to high laccase yields. On the other hand, consortia act synergistically in the decolorization of azo dyes through the enzymes they produce, so overall degradation is improved. Designed consortia are an attractive alternative still in development that could provide new biotechnological tools for the treatment of textile effluents.

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