Synthesis and characterization of the twelve isomeric gem-dimethylphenylvalerolactones and some related compounds

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
RN Johnson ◽  
NV Riggs
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Selective Reduction ◽  
Liquid Films ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
General Nature ◽  
Unsaturated Ester ◽  
Selective Reaction ◽  
Geminal Coupling ◽  
Related Compounds

The twelve isomeric gem-dimethylphenylvalerolactones may each in principle be obtained by one of the general methods : (i) selective reduction of the corresponding trisubstituted glutaric anhydride, (ii) selective reduction of a gem-dimethyl-5-oxo-5-phenylvaleric acid, or (iii) selective reaction of 2- or 3-phenylglutaric anhydride with 2 moles of methylmagnesium iodide. ��� Substituted glutaric anhydrides for method (i) were obtained by Michael addition of an appropriate saturated ester to an appropriate α,β-unsaturated ester, and reduced to the corresponding pairs of lactones. Two of the intermediates for method (ii) may be obtained by Friedel-Crafts reaction of 2,2- or 3,3-dimethyl-glutaric anhydrides with benzene, but 4,4-dimethyl-5-oxo-5-phenylvaleric acid is not produced in this way, and was obtained by an alternative method in the literature. ��� Some of the required lactones were obtained by variants of the general methods, and 5-t-butyl-3,3-dimethylvalerolactone was prepared for comparison by reaction of 3,3-dimethylglutaric anhydride with t- butylmagnesium chloride. The product lactones were structurally identified from chemical shifts and the general nature of coupling patterns in their p.m.r. spectra, reinforced by values of geminal coupling constants where available, and, in the case of 4,4-dimethyl-3- phenyl-valerolactone, by results of nitration. Coupling constants obtained by iterative analyses of p.m.r. spectra for all but two of the lactones are tabulated. Carbonyl-stretching frequencies for the solid state (or liquid films) and for carbon tetrachloride solutions were also measured, and are discussed.

The High Resolution NMR Spectra of Pesticides. II. The DDT-Type Compounds

1969 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 1074-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
L H Keith ◽  
A L Alford ◽  
A W Garrison
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra ◽  
High Resolution Nmr ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
Deshielding Effect

Abstract The high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the DDT class of pesticides and related compounds are discussed, including a study of the resonances of the aromatic protons as they are affected by various substiluents. The CCl3 moiety on the α-carbon strongly deshields the ortho protons on the aromatic rings, and this deshielding effect is greatly enhanced by substitution of a chlorine ortho rather than para on the aromatic ring. These deshielding effects are explained by a consideration of the electronegativity of the substituents and the stereochemistry of the molecule. The chemical shifts and coupling constants are tabulated.

Structural Characterization of Natural Products By Means of Quantum Chemical Calculations of NMR Parameters: New insights

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Luiz Paranhos Costa ◽  
Ana Carolina Ferreira de Albuquerque ◽  
Rodolfo Goetze Fiorot ◽  
Luciano Morais Lião ◽  
Lucas Haidar Martorano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Quantum Chemical ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Spin Coupling ◽  
Nmr Parameters ◽  
Spin Coupling Constants ◽  
Spin Spin Coupling

The calculation of NMR parameters for natural products was pioneered by Bifulco and coworkers in 2002. Since then, modelling 1H and 13C chemical shifts and spin-spin coupling constants for this...

NMR-spektroskopische Untersuchungen an 1,1-Thiophendioxid und verwandten Verbindungen / NMR Spectroscopical Investigations of Thiophene 1,1-Dioxide and Related Compounds

1984 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 915-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Meier ◽  
Thomas Molz ◽  
Heinz Kolshorn
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Multiple Resonance ◽  
Nmr Data ◽  
Cyclic Diene ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
C Nmr

The 1H and 13C NMR data of thiophene 1,1-dioxide (3) and related compounds, especially of the precursor 2 and the consecutive product 5 are evaluated by computer simulation and multiple resonance. Chemical shifts and coupling constants reveal that 3 has the character of a cyclic diene. Diatropic or paratropic effects can be excluded.

Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectra of Some Amphetamines and Related Compounds and Observations on Rotamer Populations

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (19) ◽  
pp. 3143-3151 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Bailey ◽  
A. W. By ◽  
K. C. Graham ◽  
D. Verner
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Phenyl Ring ◽  
Proton Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Amino Group ◽  
Ortho Position ◽  
Electronic Effects ◽  
Related Compounds

Data from the p.m.r. spectra of β-amino-, β-aminohydrochloride-, β-hydroxy-, and β-nitro-α-phenyl-propanes having methyl or methoxy substituants on the phenyl ring (37 compounds in all) are presented. The α and β protons of the side-chain give a pattern usually analyzable as ABX. The data are discussed in terms of correlations of coupling constants and chemical shifts with electronegativity of the substituent groups, steric and electronic effects, and apparent changes in rotamer populations. Hydrogen-bonding between the amino group of amphetamines and a methoxyl function at the ortho position in the phenyl ring is indicated for the salts but not the free bases.

scholarly journals Estudo do tautomerismo ceto-enólico da 7-epi-clusianona através de cálculos teóricos de deslocamentos químicos de RMN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Ferreira de Albuquerque ◽  
José Walkimar de Mesquita Carneiro ◽  
Fernando Martins dos Santos Junior
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Nmr Parameters

The properties of natural products, including their biological and pharmacological activities, are directly correlated with their chemical structures. Thus, a correct structural characterization of these compounds is a crucial step to the understanding of their biological activities. However, despite the recent advances in spectroscopic techniques, structural studies of natural products can be challenging. This way, theoretical calculations of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) parameters (such as chemical shifts and coupling constants) have proven to be a powerful and low-cost tool for the aid to experimental techniques traditionally used for the structural characterization of natural products. One of the several applications of quantum-mechanical calculations of NMR parameters is the study of tautomerism. Since chemical shifts are sensitive to the tautomeric equilibrium, this technique can provide crucial informations. In this work, it was applied a protocol for theoretical calculations of ¹³C chemical shifts in order to study the tautomerism of the natural product 7-epi-clusianone, isolated from Rheedia gardneriana. This protocol consists in a Monte Carlo conformational search, followed by geometry optimization and shielding tensors calculations, both using a density functional level of theory. After comparison of theoretical and experimental data, it was possible to confirm the two tautomers present in equilibrium in the experimental solution. Furthermore, this study highlights how this theoretical protocol can be an effective method in identifying the preferred tautomeric form in solution.

Substituent effects on geminal proton–proton coupling constants

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (13) ◽  
pp. 2134-2138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. L. Chow ◽  
S. Black ◽  
J. E. Blier ◽  
M. M. Tracey
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Substituent Effects ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
Proton Coupling ◽  
Geminal Proton ◽  
Geminal Coupling ◽  
Hammett Σ Constants

The geminal coupling constants between the non-equivalent benzylic protons of a series of para- and meta-substituted N-benzyl-2-methylpiperidines were shown to be proportional to the Hammett σ constants of the substituents with ρ −1.38 in carbon tetrachloride, −1.21 in benzene, and nearly 0 in 1 N DCl solutions. The ρ values were compared with those of other series and were discussed in terms of the possible conformations involved. The chemical shifts of the benzylic protons of the piperidine derivatives did not give a good correlation with the Hammett σ constants in these solvents.

Characterization of coupling constants to nitrogen. Carbon-13 chemical shifts and carbon-nitrogen coupling constants of substituted benzaldoximes

1979 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Danoff ◽  
Marcia Franzen-Sieveking ◽  
Robert L. Lichter ◽  
Samuel N. Y. Fanso-Free
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Nitrogen Coupling

Application of Reverse Two-Dimensional 1H{15N} NMR Spectroscopy to the Characterization of Two Inorganic Compounds:

1987 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 703-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Wrackmeyer ◽  
Klaus Schamel ◽  
Karlheinz Guldner ◽  
Max Herberhold
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Ring System ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
15N Nmr ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
15N Nmr Spectroscopy

AbstractThe inorganic ring system linked to the [Cr(CO)5] fragment [R = tBu (1), NH2 (2)], has been studied by reverse two-dimensional, 2D, 1H{15N} NMR spectroscopy. In solution, the exchange of the N-H hydrogen atoms is slow on the NMR time scale. Chemical shifts δ(1H), δ(13C), δ(31P), δ(15N) and coupling constants 1J(31P1H), 2J(31P13C), 1J(31P15N) are reported. In the case of 2, the reduced coupling constants 2K(31PN1H) and 1K(31P15N) have the same sign.

31P and 19F Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Phosphorus-Fluorine Compounds

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1199-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Reddy ◽  
R. Schmutzler
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Coordination Number ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Studies ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra ◽  
Fluorine Compounds ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

The nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (31P, 19F) of a variety of compounds containing phosphorus-fluorine bonds have been studied, in continuation of earlier investigations on the same type of compounds.The previously observed relationship between coordination number of phosphorus and δP was generally confirmed, i. e. δP becomes more positive as the coordination number around phosphorus increases. No meaningful substitution rules, either for chemical shifts or for P-F coupling constants, could be established. The data obtained are discussed qualitatively in relation to the electronegativity of the substituents and to the coordination number of phosphorus. Data on the preparation and characterization of numerous phosphorus-fluorine compounds are also included.

Magnetic non-equivalence of fluorine atoms of a trifluoromethyl group

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (19) ◽  
pp. 2451-2455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsin A. Khan ◽  
Donald F. Tavares ◽  
Arvi Rauk
Keyword(s):  
Methoxy Group ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Trifluoromethyl Group ◽  
Single Bond ◽  
Hindered Rotation ◽  
Geminal Coupling ◽  
Coupling Pattern ◽  
Derivatives Of

The three fluorine atoms of N,N-dialkyl amide and chloride derivatives of 2-methoxy-2-phenyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropanoic acid are magnetically nonequivalent below –60 °C and exhibit a clear ABC coupling pattern from which chemical shifts and geminal coupling constants are readily derived. The chemical shifts span a range of about 10 ppm and the geminal coupling constants average about 110 Hz. A five bond coupling of about 5 Hz is observed between the hydrogens of the methoxy group and one of the nonequivalent fluorine atoms of the trifluoromethyl group. Barriers to the hindered rotation about the single bond to the trifluoromethyl group are in the range 36–46 kJ/mol.

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