Constituents of some Curvularia species

1968 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 783 ◽  
Author(s):  
RG Coombe ◽  
JJ Jacobs ◽  
TR Watson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Brefeldin A ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Curvularia Species ◽  
Acid Esters

Thirteen Gurvularia and related species were examined and the following metabolites obtained: brefeldin A, curvularin, curvulin, curvulinic acid derivatives, D-mannitol, 1,4,5,8-tetrahydroxy-2,6-dimethylanthraquinone, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, and fatty acid esters.

Stimulation of Phosphorylcholine–Glyceride Transferase Activity by Unsaturated Fatty Acids

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 1479-1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Sribney ◽  
Eileen M. Lyman
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Small Extent ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Significant Extent ◽  
Acyltransferase Activity ◽  
Acid Esters ◽  
Stimulation Of

A number of unsaturated fatty acids markedly stimulate chicken liver microsomal phosphorylcholine–glyceride transferase (CDP-choline:1,2-diglyceride cholinephosphotransferase, EC 2.7.8.2). Oleate (0.8 mM) activates this enzyme severalfold only if a mixed diglyceride such as 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol is used as a substrate for the reaction. Dipalmitin and diolein incorporation into lecithin is not stimulated to any significant extent by unsaturated fatty acids. Fatty acid esters and numerous detergents either inhibit the enzyme or have no effect. Phosphorylethanolamine–glyceride transferase (CDP-ethanolamine:1,2-diglyceride ethanolaminephosphotransferase, EC 2.7.8.1) activity is only very slightly stimulated while diglyceride O-acyltransferase activity is inhibited to a small extent.

The Use of Argentation Chromatography for the Analysis of Fatty Acid Esters of Polyenes: The Structure of Carotenoid Esters of Aglais urticae (Lepidoptera, Insecta)

1975 ◽  
Vol 30 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 369-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartmut Kayser
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Preparative Scale ◽  
Argentation Chromatography ◽  
Acid Esters

Abstract Argentation Thin-layer systems for argentation chromatography of fatty-acid esters of carotenoids have been developed. As two-dimensional reversed-phase partition system on paraffine impregnated cellulose this method permits a clear discrimination between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. By adsorption on silver nitrate containing silica gel-G separation of carotenoid esters according to the degree of unsaturation of their fatty acids was established. With the use of known esters for comparison the fatty acids of whole carotenoid esters can be successfully analysed from minute amounts. Using these methods the carotenoid esters of pupae of Aglais urticae have been studied. The pupae contain 5.3% β-carotene, 46% lutein diester, 7.8% lutein 3-monoester, 11.7% lutein 3′-mono-ester, and 29.2% unesterified lutein. The fatty acids of the esters are linoleic acid (18:2) and linolenic acid (18:3) only. The diester fraction was composed of 70% dilinolenate, 25% linolenate-linoleate, and 5% dilinoleate. The combined monoesters consisted of 81% linolenate and 19% linoleate. The two main diesters could be isolated in a preparative scale and their structure verified by mass spectrometry. On the whole, in Aglais pupae 6.2 μg linolenic acid and 1.4 μg linoleic acid are bound to lutein. Since polyunsaturated fatty acids are of dietary origin, and represent essential factors for insect development, it is concluded, that their esterification with carotenoids may be a mode of storage comparable to the formation of glycerides.

scholarly journals Fatty acids in wild hemp seeds (Cannabis sativa L. ssp. sativa var. spontanea Vavilov)

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Bojana Špirović-Trifunović ◽  
Dejan Nedeljković ◽  
Darko Stojićević ◽  
Dragana Božić
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Relative Mass ◽  
Industrial Hemp ◽  
Acid Esters

Wild hemp (Cannabis sativa L. ssp. sativa var. spontanea) is a special variety of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L. ssp. sativa), which is believed to have originated from the acclimatization of industrial hemp to the ruderal habitat conditions of Eastern Europe. In Serbia it is found along roads, on field edges, stubble fields, garbage dumps etc., but also as a weed in fields. Due to the great popularity of industrial hemp, which can be used for various purposes (as raw material in food and pharmaceutical industry, in the production of gluten-free flour, biodiesel, detergents, in folk medicine), many researchers have analyzed its seeds, including analysing their fatty acids content. However, even though this knowledge can be of chemotaxonomic, ecological, evolutionary and nutritional significance, there is no data on the presence and composition of fatty acids in wild hemp seeds For the analysis of fatty acids in wild hemp seeds, the seed material was collected from two locations. After the extraction with hexane, determination of fatty acid esters was performed by capillary gas chromatography. Chromatographic peaks in the samples were identified by comparing the retention times with the retention times of the fatty acid esters in the analytical standard of a mixture of 37 fatty acid esters. The fatty acid composition is expressed as the relative mass fraction of the total fatty acids. The analysis of fatty acids in wild hemp seeds reveales the presence of 15 different acids, with content of 17.5% (U1) and 14.7% (U2) in relation to the total seed weight. Linoleic (45.3 and 47.5%) and a-linoleic (13.6 and 15.5%) acids were the most dominant. Of the 15 detected fatty acids, only 4 are saturated, with a representation of about 12%. Unsaturated fatty acids are present in a significantly higher proportion (about 88%), which indicates the nutritional value of these seeds.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids (FAHFAs) Are Associated With Diet, BMI, and Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Kellerer ◽  
Karin Kleigrewe ◽  
Beate Brandl ◽  
Thomas Hofmann ◽  
Hans Hauner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Hydroxy Stearic Acid ◽  
Diabetic Status ◽  
Acid Esters

Background: Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are a group of fatty acids with potential anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects. The blood levels of FAHFAs and their regulation in humans have hardly been studied.Objective: We aimed to investigate serum FAHFA levels in well-characterized human cohorts, to evaluate associations with age, sex, BMI, weight loss, diabetic status, and diet.Methods: We analyzed levels of stearic-acid-9-hydroxy-stearic-acid (9-SAHSA), oleic-acid-9-hydroxy-stearic-acid (9-OAHSA) and palmitic-acid-9-hydroxy-palmitic-acid (9-PAHPA) as well as different palmitic acid-hydroxy-stearic-acids (PAHSAs) by HPLC-MS/MS with the use of an internal standard in various cohorts: A cohort of different age groups (18–25y; 40–65y; 75–85y; Σn = 60); severely obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery and non-obese controls (Σn = 36); obese patients with and without diabetes (Σn = 20); vegetarians/vegans (n = 10) and omnivores (n = 9); and young men before and after acute overfeeding with saturated fatty acids (SFA) (n = 15).Results: Omnivores had substantially higher FAHFA levels than vegetarians/vegans [median (25th percentile; 75th percentile) tFAHFAs = 12.82 (7.57; 14.86) vs. 5.86 (5.10; 6.71) nmol/L; P < 0.05]. Dietary overfeeding by supplementation of SFAs caused a significant increase within 1 week [median tFAHFAs = 4.31 (3.31; 5.27) vs. 6.96 (6.50; 7.76) nmol/L; P < 0.001]. Moreover, obese patients had lower FAHFA levels than non-obese controls [median tFAHFAs = 3.24 (2.80; 4.30) vs. 5.22 (4.18; 7.46) nmol/L; P < 0.01] and surgery-induced weight loss increased 9-OAHSA level while other FAHFAs were not affected. Furthermore, significant differences in some FAHFA levels were found between adolescents and adults or elderly, while no differences between sexes and between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals were detected.Conclusions: FAHFA serum levels are strongly affected by high SFA intake and reduced in severe obesity. Age also may influence FAHFA levels, whereas there was no detectable relation with sex and diabetic status. The physiological role of FAHFAs in humans remains to be better elucidated.Trial Registration: All studies referring to these analyses were registered in the German Clinical Trial Register (https://www.drks.de/drks_web/) with the numbers DRKS00009008, DRKS00010133, DRKS00006211, and DRKS00009797.

Synthesis of (-)-menthol fatty acid esters in and from (-)-menthol and fatty acids – novel concept for lipase catalyzed esterification based on eutectic solvents

2018 ◽  
Vol 458 ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Hümmer ◽  
Selin Kara ◽  
Andreas Liese ◽  
Ina Huth ◽  
Jens Schrader ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Acid Esters

scholarly journals SELECTIVITY OF CANDIDA RUGOSA LIPASE IMMOBILIZED ONTO LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES AS CATALYST IN SYNTHESIS OF FATTY ACID ESTERS

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (5-6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman ◽  
Siti Salhah Othman ◽  
Noor Mona Md Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Candida Rugosa ◽  
Candida Rugosa Lipase ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Chain Lengths ◽  
Acid Esters

The enzymatic selectivity of Lipase from Candida rugosa immobilized onto a calcined layered double hydroxide (CLDHs-CRL) towards the chain-length of fatty acids and alcohols in the synthesis of fatty acid esters was investigated.  The results showed that CMAN-CRL catalyzed the esterification process with fatty acids of medium chain lengths (C10-C14) effectively while, CNAN-CRL and CZAN-CRL exhibited high percentage conversion in fatty acids with carbon chain lengths of C8-C12 and C10-C18, respectively. In the alcohol selectivity study, CMAN-CRL showed high selectivity toward alcohols with carbon chain lengths of C4, C6 and C10.  On the other hand, both CNAN-CRL and CZAN-CRL exhibited rather low selectivity towards longer carbon chain length of alcohols. 

scholarly journals Impact of Selected Cosmetic Ingredients on Common Microorganisms of Healthy Human Skin

Cosmetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Dobler ◽  
Thomas Schmidts ◽  
Sören Wildenhain ◽  
Ilona Seewald ◽  
Michael Merzhäuser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Fatty Alcohols ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Acid Esters

Human skin is a complex ecosystem and is host to a large number of microorganisms. When the bacterial ecosystem is balanced and differentiated, skin remains healthy. However, the use of cosmetics can change this balance and promote the appearance of skin diseases. The skin’s microorganisms can utilize some cosmetic components, which either promote their growth, or produce metabolites that influence the skin environment. In this study, we tested the ability of the Malassezia species and some bacterial strains to assimilate substances frequently used in dermal formulations. The growth capability of microorganisms was determined and their lipase activity was analyzed. The growth of all Malassezia spp. in the presence of free acids, free acid esters, and fatty alcohols with a fatty chain length above 12 carbon atoms was observed. No growth was observed in the presence of fatty alcohol ethers, secondary fatty alcohols, paraffin- and silicon-based substances, polymers, polyethylene glycols, quaternary ammonium salts, hydroxy fatty acid esters, or fatty acids and fatty acid esters with a fatty chain length shorter than 12 carbon atoms. The hydrolysis of esters by Malassezia lipases was detected using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). The production of free fatty acids as well as fatty alcohols was observed. The growth promotion or inhibition of bacterial strains was only found in the presence of a few ingredients. Based on these results, formulations containing microbiome inert ingredients were developed.

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