Limitation of cupric bromide for selective side-chain bromination of methyl aryl ketones

1968 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
RW Jemison
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Aryl Ketones

2-Hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxyacetophenone and its acetate undergo nuclear bromination with cupric bromide, and 2,3,4-trimethoxyacetophenone gave w-bromo-2-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxyacetophenone accompanied by a small yield of 2-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxyacetophenone and by w-bromo-2,3,4-trimethoxyacetophenone. Formation of the last compound was shown by isolation of w-acetoxy-2,3,4-trimethoxyacetophenone after treatment of the mixture of brominated products with sodium acetate in ethanol.

The chemistry of thujone. XVII. The synthesis of ambergris fragrances and related analogues

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 1570-1581 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Kutney ◽  
Yong-Huang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Ring Opening ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Ring Closure ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Synthetic Route ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Robinson Annulation

A strategy to utilize the thujone-derived enone 1 for the development of a synthetic route to ambergris fragrances is presented. Thujone (8) is transformed to the tricyclic enone 9, via the Robinson annulation reaction, and the latter is then elaborated to the cis-fused tricyclic intermediates 10, 11, and 12. Extrusion of the isopropyl side chain in 12 is achieved through an initial ozonation reaction and the resulting ketone 14 is then treated with m-CPBA to afford 16. Cyclopropyl ring opening in 16 is performed via initial saponification to the alcohol 17 and the latter is then reacted with FeCl3 and sodium acetate to enone 1. The necessary elaboration of a tetrahydrofuran ring attached to ring B of 1 is achieved through reaction of 1 with vinylmagnesium bromide, alkylation, hydroboration, and final acid-catalyzed ring closure of the 1,5-diol 4. The route affords the opportunity of synthesizing a variety of analogues within the Ambrox series.

BIOSYNTHESIS OF MUSTARD OIL GLUCOSIDES: V. FORMATION OF GLUCONASTURTIIN FROM L-γ-PHENYLBUTYRINE-C14-N15 IN WATERCRESS

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Underbill
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Competition Experiment ◽  
Mustard Oil ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Nasturtium Officinale ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Phenylbutyric Acid

C14-Labelled compounds were fed to watercress (Nasturtium officinale R. Br.) and their efficiency as precursors of the aglycone portion of gluconasturtiin compared. Phenylalanine-2- and -3-C14 and sodium acetate-2-C14 were efficient precursors of the aglycone but neither compound was as efficient a precursor as γ-phenylbutyrine (2-amino-4-phenylbutyric acid). Approximately 40% of the C14 from γ-phenylbutyrine-2- or -3-C14 was incorporated into the aglycone side chain. Results of studies with doubly labelled L-γ-phenylbutyrine-C14-N15 show that the amino nitrogen is incorporated directly into the thioglucoside. Evidence that indicates that D-γ-phenylbutyrine is converted to its L-isomer by the plant is also presented. The results of an isotope competition experiment provide some evidence for the existence of a chain-lengthening pathway (analogous to the formation of leucine from valine) for the biosynthesis of γ-phenylbutyrine from phenylalanine and acetate in watercress.

The role of silicon in forages: A quantitative X-Ray study

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 416-417
Author(s):  
Janet H. Woodward ◽  
D. E. Akin
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Acetate Buffer ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Sodium Acetate Buffer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Percent Composition

Silicon (Si) is distributed throughout plant tissues, but its role in forages has not been clarified. Although Si has been suggested as an antiquality factor which limits the digestibility of structural carbohydrates, other research indicates that its presence in plants does not affect digestibility. We employed x-ray microanalysis to evaluate Si as an antiquality factor at specific sites of two cultivars of bermuda grass (Cynodon dactvlon (L.) Pers.). “Coastal” and “Tifton-78” were chosen for this study because previous work in our lab has shown that, although these two grasses are similar ultrastructurally, they differ in in vitro dry matter digestibility and in percent composition of Si.Two millimeter leaf sections of Tifton-7 8 (Tift-7 8) and Coastal (CBG) were incubated for 72 hr in 2.5% (w/v) cellulase in 0.05 M sodium acetate buffer, pH 5.0. For controls, sections were incubated in the sodium acetate buffer or were not treated.

Electroluminescent properties of side-chain naphthalimide-derivated polymers

1998 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 1351-1354 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-M. Bouché ◽  
P. Le Barny ◽  
H. Facoetti ◽  
F. Soyer ◽  
P. Robin
Keyword(s):  
Side Chain

In Vitro Incorporation of Sodium Acetate-l-C14 into Leukocyte Lipids of Normal and Leukaemic Subjects as a Function of Incubation Time

1962 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
C Miras ◽  
G Lewis ◽  
J Mantzos
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Linear Part ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Cytostatic Agents ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Product Relation

Summary1. Separated leukocytes or total blood from normal subjects, untreated leukaemic patients and from leukaemic patients treated with cytostatic agents were incubated with CH3COONa-l-C14. Radioactivity of mixed lipids was measured at standard time intervals.2. The time incorporation curve observed with leukocytes from treated leukaemic patients showed after an initial linear part, a more rapid levelling off than the curves observed with leukocytes from untreated and normal subjects.3. Therefore, an indirect effect of treatment on leukocyte lipid synthesis seems to be present.4. Phospholipid and neutral lipid synthesis by leukaemic leukocytes was also studied. The results give no evidence that these fractions as a whole have any precursor-product relation.

Evidence for Impaired Hepatic Vitamin K1 Metabolism in Patients Treated with N-Methyl-Thiotetrazole Cephalosporins

1984 ◽  
Vol 51 (03) ◽  
pp. 358-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Bechtold ◽  
K Andrassy ◽  
E Jähnchen ◽  
J Koderisch ◽  
H Koderisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein C ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Bleeding Complications ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Vitamin K1 ◽  
New Class ◽  
Parenteral Alimentation ◽  
Hepatocellular Regeneration ◽  
Echis Carinatus

SummaryIn 8 patients on no oral intake and with parenteral alimentation, administration of cephalosporins with N-methyl-thiotetrazole side chain (moxalactam, cefamandole), was associated with prolongation of prothrombin time, appearance in the circulation of descarboxy-prothrombin (counter immunoelectrophoresis and echis carinatus assay) and diminution of protein C. Acute administration of 10 mg vitamin Ki was followed by the transient appearance of vitamin K1 2,3-epoxide, indicating an impaired hepatocellular regeneration of vitamin K1 from the epoxide. Impaired hepatic vitamin K1 metabolism, tentatively ascribed to the N-methyl-thiotetrazole group, is one (but possibly not the only) cause of bleeding complications and depression of vitamin K1dependent procoagulants in patients treated with the new class of cephalosporins.

Applicability of electrodialysis to the separation of sodium acetate from synthetic alkaline hardwood extract

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 695-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAVIKANT PATIL ◽  
CHI TRUONG ◽  
JOSEPH GENCO ◽  
HEMANT PENDSE ◽  
ADRIAAN VAN HEININGEN
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
White Liquor ◽  
Complete Extraction ◽  
Electro Osmosis ◽  
Preliminary Separation

Our objective was to develop a process for recovering acetyl groups from industrial northeast hardwood chips. Extraction experiments showed that the white liquor charge of 6% effective alkali at 50°C and liquor-to-wood ratio of 4:1 leads to the complete extraction of acetyl groups from industrial hardwood chips. Electrodialysis was assessed as a technique for separating and concentrating sodium acetate from synthetic hardwood extract. Preliminary separation experiments using dilute sodium acetate showed that the sodium acetate can be concentrated up to approximately 24% by weight from an initial concentration of about 2% by weight. The effects of current density, feed concentration, electro-osmosis, and osmosis on the separation of sodium acetate were evaluated. Finally, selectivity experiments were performed to study the effect of various components of the white liquor on the separation of sodium acetate. Fully oxidized synthetic white liquor was used in selectivity experiments to avoid deleterious effects of Na2S. Selectivity experiments using synthetic oxidized white liquor showed a significant decrease in the separation efficiency due to the presence of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and sodium sulfate in the synthetic extract.

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