The ternary system Na2O-ZnO-SiO2

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 905 ◽  
Author(s):  
AE Holland ◽  
ER Segnit
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Incongruent Melting ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
Ternary Compounds ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Invariant Points ◽  
Equilibrium Relationships

The equilibrium relationships in a large part of the system Na2O-ZnO-SiO2 have been determined. Of the eleven invariant points located, four are eutectics, the minimum melting point in the system being 680� at a composition of 21.5% Na2O, 12.0% ZnO, 66.5% SiO2 by weight. Four ternary compounds with molar ratios of Na2O : ZnO : SiO2 of 1 : 1 : 1, 1 : 1 : 2, 1 : 2 : 2, 2 : 2 : 3, all with incongruent melting points, are described.

The ternary system BaO-ZnO-SiO2

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
ER Segnit ◽  
AE Holland
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Ternary Compounds ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Invariant Points ◽  
Equilibrium Relationships

The equilibrium relationships in the greater part of the ternary system BaO-ZnO-SiO2 have been determined. Fifteen ternary invariant points have been located; six of these are eutectics, and the minimum melting point in the system is 1100� at a composition of 41.7% BaO, 17.00/0 ZnO, 41.3% SiO2 by weight. Five ternary compounds with molar ratios of BaO : ZnO : SiO2 of 1 : 1 : 1, 1 : 1 : 3, 1 : 2 : 2, 2 : 1 : 2, and 2 : 3 : 3 are described.

The ZnO-rich area of the ternary system ZnO-TiO2-SiO2

1975 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 2373 ◽  
Author(s):  
AE Holland ◽  
ER Segnit
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Liquid Immiscibility ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Ternary Compounds ◽  
Invariant Points ◽  
Equilibrium Relationships

Equilibrium relationships in the zinc-rich corner of the ternary system ZnO-TiO2-SiO2 have been studied. No ternary compounds were found. Three invariant points were located, all eutectics. The minimum melting point in the system was 1315(�5)�C. A large area of liquid immiscibility at high temperatures is postulated.

Predictions of Current Attachment at Thermionic Cathode for TIG Arcs

2008 ◽  
Vol 580-582 ◽  
pp. 319-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manabu Tanaka ◽  
Kentaro Yamamoto ◽  
Tashiro Shinichi ◽  
John J. Lowke
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Work Function ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Numerical Calculations ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Arc Plasma ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
Thermionic Cathode ◽  
Uniform Current

Study of current attachment at thermionic cathode for TIG arc at atmospheric pressure is attempted from numerical calculations of arc-electrodes unified model. The calculations show that the maximum temperature of arc plasma close to the cathode tip for W-2% ThO2 reaches 19,000 K and it is the highest value in comparison with the other temperatures for W-2% La2O3 and W-2% CeO2, because the current attachment at the cathode tip is constricted by a centralized limitation of liquid area of ThO2 due to its higher melting point. The calculations also show that, in cases of W- 2% La2O3 and W-2% CeO2, the liquid areas of La2O3 and Ce2O3 are widely expanded at the cathode tip due to their lower melting points and then produce uniform current attachments at the cathode. It is concluded that the current attachment at thermionic cathode is strongly dependent on work function, melting point and Richardson constant of emitter materials.

Untersuchungen zum ternären System Bi/Te/O, III. Bestimmung thermodynamischer Daten der ternären Verbindungen/Investigations on the Ternary System Bi/Te/O,III. Determination of Thermodynamic Data of Ternary Compounds

1999 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Schmidt ◽  
C. Hennig ◽  
H. Oppermann
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Thermodynamic Data ◽  
Phase Relations ◽  
Solid State Reactions ◽  
Enthalpies Of Formation ◽  
Ternary Compounds ◽  
Heats Of Solution

The phase relations in the ternary system Bi/Te/O have been determined in previous studies by solid state reactions. Thermodynamical data have now been obtained for the pertinent equilibria. The heats of solution of Bi2O3, Bi12TeO20, Bi10Te2O19, Bi16Te5O34, Bi2TeO5, Bi2Te2O7, Bi2Te4O11 and TeCl4 were determined in 4N HCl. From these the enthalpies of formation of bismuth tellurites at 298 K have been derived:⊿H°b (Bi12TeO20, f, 298) = -901,6 ± 8 kcal/mol,⊿H°b (Bi10Te2O19, f, 298) = -856,1 ± 9 kcal/mol,⊿H°b (Bi16Te5O34, f, 298) = -1519,5 ± 17 kcal/mol,⊿H°b (Bi2TeO5, f, 298)= -222,8 ± 3 kcal/mol,⊿H°b (Bi2Te2O7, f, 298)= -299,4 ± 4 kcal/mol,⊿H°b (Bi2Te4O11, f, 298)= -448,2 ± 7 kcal/mol.

scholarly journals Predicting Melting Points of Biofriendly Choline-Based Ionic Liquids with Molecular Dynamics

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
pp. 5367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Karu ◽  
Fred Elhi ◽  
Kaija Põhako-Esko ◽  
Vladislav Ivaništšev
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Chemical Space ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

In this work, we introduce a simulation-based method for predicting the melting point of ionic liquids without prior knowledge of their crystal structure. We run molecular dynamics simulations of biofriendly, choline cation-based ionic liquids and apply the method to predict their melting point. The root-mean-square error of the predicted values is below 24 K. We advocate that such precision is sufficient for designing ionic liquids with relatively low melting points. The workflow for simulations is available for everyone and can be adopted for any species from the wide chemical space of ionic liquids.

scholarly journals Effects of Local Heating and Premelting in the Terminal Part of the e+ Track

2012 ◽  
Vol 733 ◽  
pp. 15-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Zvezhinskiy ◽  
Sergey V. Stepanov ◽  
Vsevolod Byakov ◽  
Bożena Zgardzińska
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Local Heating ◽  
Bulk Temperature ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
Terminal Part ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Positronium Lifetime ◽  
Molten Region

The terminal part of the e+ track (the positron blob) is formed during ionization slowing down and subsequent ion-electron recombinations produced by a positron. It releases up to 1 keV of energy, which is converted into heat within few picoseconds. If a bulk temperature of a medium is below, but close enough to its melting point, some region of a substance may melt, yielding a peculiar temperature dependence of the lifetime (LT) spectra. We have estimated properties of the molten region with a help of macroscopic heat con- duction equation and suggested a model describing temperature dependence of the ortho- positronium lifetime in frozen methanol, ethanol, butanol and water close to their melting points.

The Crystal Structures of the Cubic and Tetragonal Phases of Y1Ba3Cu2O6.5 + δand Y1Ba4Cu2O7.5 + δ

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 497-505
Author(s):  
M. A. Rodriguez ◽  
J. J. Simmins ◽  
P. H. McCluskey ◽  
R. S. Zhou ◽  
R. L. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Ternary System ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Perovskite Structure ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Space Group ◽  
Ternary Compounds ◽  
Superconducting Material ◽  
Complete Study

The discovery of the superconducting material Y1Ba2Cu3O6+δ( “123” material) resulted in a world wide interest in the pseudo-ternary system BaO·YO·CuO. A complete study of the phases present in this system was initiated to develop a better understanding and processing of the superconducting 123 material. The crystal structures were established for two of the three ternary compounds in this system immediately after the discovery of superconductivity. One such phase was a green insulating compound Y2Ba1Cu1O5(”211”) which has the space group. The superconducting 123 compound was found to have the space group Pmmm and an ordered triple-celled perovskite structure.

Melting Point of cis-1,4-Polybutadiene

1965 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Thermodynamic Data ◽  
Experimental Techniques ◽  
Melting Point Depression ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Orientation Effects ◽  
Flory’S Theory

Abstract Melting point values for cis-1, 4-polybutadiene thus far reported in the literature have not exceeded +1° C. Varying values have been reported, both because of sample variations (differing amounts and distributions of chain imperfections) and because of variations in experimental techniques used to measure the melting point (in particular, varying heating rates). Some workers have extrapolated their data to predict that the melting point of a perfectly regular (100 per cent cis) cis-1, 4- polybutadiene (Tm°) would be close to +1° C. These extrapolations have been used to arrive at heats of fusion for the polymer from Flory's theory for melting point depression due to copolymeric impurities. One such value has been used in another investigation to estimate extents of crystallization from thermodynamic data. We wish to report observation of melting points several degrees higher than the assumed Tm° value of +1° C. Our experiments show that these higher values are not due to orientation effects.

A note on the melting-point of paraffins and fatty acids

1938 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. Moullin
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Smooth Curve ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
Normal Paraffin ◽  
Simple Interpretation

The purpose of this note is to draw attention to a certain correspondence between the melting-points of normal paraffins and of fatty acids and to indicate a simple interpretation of this phenomenon. If the number of carbon atoms in a normal paraffin is plotted against the corresponding melting temperature, all the points in the diagram lie very close to a smooth curve drawn among them. If a similar diagram is made for the fatty acids, the points corresponding to an even number of carbon atoms lie on a curve of the same character as that found for paraffins. The points for an odd number of carbon atoms lie on a separate but similar curve, exemplifying the well-known alternation property.

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