The formation of aromatic hydrocarbons at high temperatures. XX. The pyrolysis of [1-14C]naphthalene

1964 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 771 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Badger ◽  
SD Jolad ◽  
TM Spotswood
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Experimental Error ◽  
Radiochemical Analysis ◽  
Carbon Bond ◽  
Carbon Carbon Bond

The pyrolysis of [1-14C]naphthalene at 700� has given a tar from which 1,1'-, 1,2'-, 2,2'-binaphthyls, and 10,11-, 11,12-benzofluoranthenes were isolated in sufficient quantity and purity for radiochemical analysis. All were found to have activity corresponding, within experimental error, to two labelled carbon atoms. It is concluded that carbon-hydrogen fission gives naphthyl radicals, which react with naphthalene to yield binaphthyls, and that cyclodehydrogenation of the binaphthyls leads to the benzofluoranthenes. A small amount of perylene was also identified; this was probably formed in the same way. Some 3,4-benzopyrene was detected; it is suggested that some hydrogenation of the naphthalene occurs, and that the 3,4-benzopyrene is formed following cleavage of a saturated carbon-carbon bond in this hydrocarbon.

The formation of aromatic hydrocarbons at high temperatures. XXIX. Pyrolysis of 2-methylstyrene and 2-[1-14C]methylstyrene

1967 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1439 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Badger ◽  
SD Jolad ◽  
TM Spotswood
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Radiochemical Analysis ◽  
Inactive Compound ◽  
Mechanisms Of Formation ◽  
Labelled Compound

Pyrolyses of inactive and of 14C-labelled 2-methylstyrene at 700� are reported. Sixteen compounds were identified in the tar obtained following pyrolysis of the inactive compound, and nine of these were isolated in sufficient purity and yield for radiochemical analysis following pyrolysis of the labelled compound. Probable mechanisms of formation of these compounds are discussed.

The formation of aromatic hydrocarbons at high temperatures. XXVI. Pyrolysis of [1-14C]styrene

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Badger ◽  
SD Jolad ◽  
TM Spotswood
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Radiochemical Analysis ◽  
Mechanisms Of Formation

The pyrolysis of [l-14C]styrene at 710� has given a tar from which nine compounds have been isolated in sufficient quantity and purity for radiochemical analysis. Four of these have been degraded to determine the distribution of the activity, and the results are discussed with reference to possible mechanisms of formation from styrene.

The Formation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons at High Temperatures. XIX. The Pyrolysis of [δ-14C]Butylbenzene

1963 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 623 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Badger ◽  
J Novotny
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Radiochemical Analysis

The pyrolysis of [δ-14C]butylbenzene at 700�C has given a tar from which 18 compounds have been isolated in sufficient quantity and purity for radiochemical analysis. Five of these have been degraded to show the location of labelled carbon atoms. The results are discussed with reference to the mechanisms of the formation of the various compounds from butylbenzene.

The Formation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons at High Temperatures. XVI. The Pyrolysis of (1-14C]Tetralin

1962 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 616 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Badger ◽  
RWL Kimber ◽  
J Novotny
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Radiochemical Analysis

The pyrolysis of [1-14C]tetralin at 700 �C has given a tar from which 21 compounds (or their derivatives) have been isolated in sufficient quantity and purity for radiochemical analysis. The mechanisms for their formation are discussed with reference to the number of labelled carbon atoms found.

The formation of aromatic hydrocarbons at high temperatures. XXV. The pyrolysis of [3-14C]indene

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Badger ◽  
SD Jolad ◽  
TM Spotswood
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Radiochemical Analysis ◽  
Carbon Carbon Bonds ◽  
Carbon Bonds

The pyrolysis of [3-14C]indene at 700� has given a tar from which six compounds have been isolated in sufficient quantity and purity for radiochemical analysis. All were found to have activity corresponding approximately to two labelled atoms. It is concluded that scission of the weakest carbon-carbon bonds in indene gives three "primary" radicals which then undergo "dimerization" to give the major products.

Carbon Dioxide-Mediated C(sp2)–H Arylation of Primary and Secondary Benzylamines

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohit Kapoor ◽  
Pratibha Chand-Thakuri ◽  
Michael Young
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Bond Activation ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Carbon Bond ◽  
Chelate Effect ◽  
Free Amine ◽  
Carbon Carbon Bond ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Metal Catalyzed

Carbon-carbon bond formation by transition metal-catalyzed C–H activation has become an important strategy to fabricate new bonds in a rapid fashion. Despite the pharmacological importance of <i>ortho</i>-arylbenzylamines, however, effective <i>ortho</i>-C–C bond formation from C–H bond activation of free primary and secondary benzylamines using Pd<sup>II</sup> remains an outstanding challenge. Presented herein is a new strategy for constructing <i>ortho</i>-arylated primary and secondary benzylamines mediated by carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>). The use of CO<sub>2</sub> is critical to allowing this transformation to proceed under milder conditions than previously reported, and that are necessary to furnish free amine products that can be directly used or elaborated without the need for deprotection. In cases where diarylation is possible, a chelate effect is demonstrated to facilitate selective monoarylation.

Modern Organic Synthesis in the Laboratory

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Jack Li ◽  
Chris Limberakis ◽  
Derek A. Pflum
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Carbon Bond ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Carbon Carbon Bond ◽  
Daunting Task

Searching for reaction in organic synthesis has been made much easier in the current age of computer databases. However, the dilemma now is which procedure one selects among the ocean of choices. Especially for novices in the laboratory, it becomes a daunting task to decide what reaction conditions to experiment with first in order to have the best chance of success. This collection intends to serve as an "older and wiser lab-mate" one could have by compiling many of the most commonly used experimental procedures in organic synthesis. With chapters that cover such topics as functional group manipulations, oxidation, reduction, and carbon-carbon bond formation, Modern Organic Synthesis in the Laboratory will be useful for both graduate students and professors in organic chemistry and medicinal chemists in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries.

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