Measurement of the temperature variation of virial coefficients. I. Application to the second virial coefficient of n-butane

1964 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 501 ◽  
Author(s):  
GA Bottomley ◽  
TH Spurling
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Temperature Variation ◽  
Virial Coefficient ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Second Virial Coefficient ◽  
Virial Coefficients ◽  
Absolute Pressure ◽  
Isothermal Expansion ◽  
Volume Increment

An unconventional apparatus, described in detail, determines, through a measured small volume increment, the temperature dependence of the second virial coefficient of a vapour without the necessity for isothermal expansion. Absolute pressure determinations are avoided by working differentially, vapour against nitrogen reference gas. Results for n-butane at 0-150� agree with established work.

Temperature Dependence of the Second Dielectric Virial Coefficients of Rare Gases

1994 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 890-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.O. Bulanin ◽  
U. Hohm ◽  
Yu. M . Ladvishchenko ◽  
K . Kerl
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Temperature Variation ◽  
Virial Coefficient ◽  
Virial Coefficients ◽  
Interatomic Interaction ◽  
Regular Pattern ◽  
Rare Gases ◽  
Dimensionless Form ◽  
Interaction Potentials ◽  
Available Information

Second dielectric virial coefficients Bε (T) of the rare gases Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe are calculated in a broad range of temperature using accurate HFD-type interatomic interaction potentials and available information on the trace of the pair polarizability Δα. It is shown that the experimentally determined temperature-variation of Bε(T) cannot be reproduced by existing theories. However, it is observed that the reduced dimensionless form of Bε(T) follows a remarkably regular pattern, strongly resembling the sign-inverted temperature variation of the second density virial coefficient Bϱ(T) with the same Boyle-temperature.

Parameters of the Morse Potential from Second Virial Coefficients of Gases

1987 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 447-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Morse Potential ◽  
Virial Coefficient ◽  
Second Virial Coefficient ◽  
Virial Coefficients ◽  
Polyatomic Molecules ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Second Virial Coefficients ◽  
Analytic Expression

An analytic expression for the second virial coefficient in case of the Morse potential is derived. The parameters of the Morse potential are determined for eighteen species comprising inert gases, diatomic and polyatomic molecules, and mixtures of gases using experimental second virial coefficients. The calculated second virial coefficients based on the obtained Morse potential agree well with the empirical second virial coefficients and their temperature dependence.

Measurement of the temperature variation of virial coefficients. II. The second virial coefficients of benzene

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
GA Bottomley ◽  
TH Spurling
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Temperature Variation ◽  
Virial Coefficient ◽  
Second Virial Coefficient ◽  
Virial Coefficients ◽  
Intermolecular Potential ◽  
Energy Functions ◽  
Second Virial Coefficients ◽  
Potential Energy Functions ◽  
Direct Measurements

New measurements of the temperature variation of the second virial coefficient of benzene from 35� to 184� are reported, combined with selected direct measurements up to 33j0, and used to evaluate the parameters for various intermolecular potential energy functions.

The second virial coefficients of mixed polar vapours

1959 ◽  
Vol 249 (1258) ◽  
pp. 414-426 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Acetate ◽  
Virial Coefficient ◽  
Methyl Formate ◽  
Second Virial Coefficient ◽  
Virial Coefficients ◽  
Ethyl Formate ◽  
Carbonyl Oxygen ◽  
Second Virial Coefficients ◽  
Theoretical Significance ◽  
Boyle’S Law

The second virial coefficients of binary mixtures of chloroform with methyl formate, n -propyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate and diethylamine have been measured in a ‘Boyle’s law apparatus’ at temperatures between 50 and 95 °C. The measured values are consistently higher than predicted by the theory of corresponding states, and a quantitative interpretation is proposed, based on the hypothesis that the esters and amine are partially dimerized and are involved in association with the chloroform by hydrogen bonding. A linear relation is shown to exist between the heats and entropies of association for the various mixtures, and the theoretical significance of this is discussed. There is some evidence that hydrogen bonds are formed through the alkoxyl oxygen by formate esters and through the carbonyl oxygen by acetate esters. The paper includes data on the second virial coefficient for the pure esters and for ethyl formate and methyl propionate.

Parameters of the Bender Equation of State for Chloro Derivatives of Methane and Chlorobenzene

2001 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 833-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Cibulka ◽  
Lubomír Hnědkovský ◽  
Květoslav Růžička
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Equation Of State ◽  
Virial Coefficient ◽  
Second Virial Coefficient ◽  
Virial Coefficients ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Second Virial Coefficients ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
State Behaviour ◽  
Derivatives Of

Values of adjustable parameters of the Bender equation of state evaluated for chloromethane, dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, and chlorobenzene from published experimental data are presented. Experimental data employed in the evaluation included the data on state behaviour (p-ρ-T) of fluid phases, vapour-liquid equilibrium data (saturated vapour pressures and orthobaric densities), second virial coefficients, and the coordinates of the gas-liquid critical point. The description of second virial coefficient by the equation of state is examined.

scholarly journals Selecting Temperature for Protein Crystallization Screens Using the Temperature Dependence of the Second Virial Coefficient

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. e17950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Liu ◽  
Da-Chuan Yin ◽  
Yun-Zhu Guo ◽  
Xi-Kai Wang ◽  
Si-Xiao Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Virial Coefficient ◽  
Protein Crystallization ◽  
Second Virial Coefficient

Interaction between argon atoms

1960 ◽  
Vol 255 (1283) ◽  
pp. 456-476 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Interaction Energy ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Pressure Dependence ◽  
Virial Coefficient ◽  
Second Virial Coefficient

The interaction energy between argon atoms is correlated with the following experimental properties of argon: (1) the temperature dependence of the entropy of the crystal, (2) the temperature dependence of the energy of the crystal, (3) the temperature dependence of the density of the crystal, (4) the pressure dependence of the density of the crystal, (5) the temperature dependence of the second virial coefficient of the gas, (6) the viscosity at high temperatures of the gas. The interaction energy which best accords with all these properties is strikingly different from the commonly advocated difference between an inverse twelfth power and an inverse sixth power of the distance.

The second virial coefficients of mixed organic vapours

1952 ◽  
Vol 210 (1103) ◽  
pp. 557-564 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Virial Coefficient ◽  
Second Virial Coefficient ◽  
Virial Coefficients ◽  
Corresponding States ◽  
Linear Variation ◽  
Second Virial Coefficients

The second virial coefficients of some binary mixtures of organic vapours have been measured at temperatures between 50 and 120° C. Mixtures of n -hexane with chloroform and of n -hexane with diethyl ether show a linear variation of second virial coefficient with composition. This is shown to be in accordance with prediction from the principle of corresponding states. Mixtures of chloroform with diethyl ether show a linear variation at 120° C, but pronounced curvature at lower temperatures. This is interpreted quantitatively as being due to association by hydrogen bonding with an energy of 6020 cal/mole.

Frequency-and Temperature-Dependence of Second Refractivity Virial Coefficients

1993 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-513
Author(s):  
Uwe Hohm
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Frequency Dependence ◽  
Virial Coefficient ◽  
Virial Coefficients ◽  
Heuristic Approach ◽  
Experimental Values

Abstract A reasonable heuristic extrapolation of a theory given by Buckingham is used to estimate the frequency-and temperature-dependence of the second refractivity virial coefficient. The calculations are carried out for the atoms He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe and the small molecules H2 , N2 , O2 , HCl, CO2 , N2O, NH3 , CH4 , C2H4 , and SF6 . In some cases the frequency-dependence of BR (ω, T) is compared with experimental values, showing sometimes considerable deviations between experiment and the heuristic approach used in this work.

The statistical mechanics of assemblies of axially symmetric molecules - II. Second virial coefficients

1954 ◽  
Vol 221 (1147) ◽  
pp. 508-516 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Force Field ◽  
Virial Coefficient ◽  
Second Virial Coefficient ◽  
Virial Coefficients ◽  
Intermolecular Potential ◽  
Crystal Data ◽  
Axially Symmetric ◽  
Second Virial Coefficients

A general theory of the second virial coefficient of axially symmetric molecules is developed, the directional part of the intermolecular field being treated as a perturbationon the central-force part. The method is applicable to any type of intermolecular potential, particular models of directional interaction being obtained by suitable choices of parameters. Simple expressions are given for the second virial coefficient due to several types of directional force. The theory is illustrated by some calculations on the force field of carbon dioxide and its relation to the second virial coefficient and crystal data. These indicate that there is strong quadrupole interaction between carbon dioxide molecules.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document