Reduction of aromatic hydrocarbons by lithium in ethylenediamine

1964 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
JD Brooks ◽  
RA Durie ◽  
H Silberman
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
Olefinic Bond ◽  
Condensed Hydrocarbons

Various aromatic hydrocarbons, which can be assumed to represent some of the aromatic structures present in coals and chars, have been reduced under forcing conditions using lithium in ethylenediamine. It was found that: (i) Aromatic hydrocarbons highly substituted by alkyl or alicyclic groups are resistant to reduction. (ii) The less substituted benzene hydrocarbons and diphenyl-type structures yield, in addition to a proportion of fully reduced material, compounds containing a single olefinic bond which tends to resist further reduction. ��� (iii) Highly condensed hydrocarbons (such as pyrene or coronene) yield some perhydro derivatives, but a part of the product consists of less completely reduced compounds with aromatic and olefinic features; these compounds are more resistant to further reduction than the parent hydrocarbons. ��� (iv) Condensed polynuclear hydrocarbons yield also some products containing hydroxyl (phenolic) and carbonyl groups.

Electronic properties of aromatic hydrocarbons II. Fluorescence transfer in solid solutions

1956 ◽  
Vol 234 (1196) ◽  
pp. 136-149 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fluorescence Spectra ◽  
Exciton Migration ◽  
Impurity Species ◽  
Symmetry Properties ◽  
Pure Solvent ◽  
Simple Basis ◽  
Condensed Hydrocarbons ◽  
Good Agreement

The fluorescence of solid solutions of aromatic hydrocarbons has been investigated with the object of studying the transfer of excitation energy from solvent to impurity. Anthracene and pyrene were used as solvents, and the solutes comprised nine larger condensed hydrocarbons. The concentration ranged from 10 -5 to 10 -1 M. Fluorescence spectra were observed by photographic spectrophotometry, and the degree of quenching and quantum efficiency of the transfer process were obtained by comparison with the pure solvent. The dependence of quenching on concentration of impurity may be deduced from a simple theory of exciton migration. The experimental results are in good agreement with this model. The efficiency of a particular impurity species in capturing the excitation cannot be predicted on any simple basis, but there is some evidence that it depends on the symmetry properties of the excited states of solvent and impurity. It is not directly determined by the overlap of solvent emission and impurity absorption, as is the case with sensitized fluorescence.

Chemical and orientational imaging of polymeric samples

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
H. Ade ◽  
B. Hsiao ◽  
G. Mitchell ◽  
E. Rightor ◽  
A. P. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Brookhaven National Laboratory ◽  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Edge Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Polymeric Samples ◽  
X Ray Absorption

We have used the Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscope at beamline X1A (X1-STXM) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) to acquire high resolution, chemical and orientation sensitive images of polymeric samples as well as point spectra from 0.1 μm areas. This sensitivity is achieved by exploiting the X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) of the carbon K edge. One of the most illustrative example of the chemical sensitivity achievable is provided by images of a polycarbonate/pol(ethylene terephthalate) (70/30 PC/PET) blend. Contrast reversal at high overall contrast is observed between images acquired at 285.36 and 285.69 eV (Fig. 1). Contrast in these images is achieved by exploring subtle differences between resonances associated with the π bonds (sp hybridization) of the aromatic groups of each polymer. PET has a split peak associated with these aromatic groups, due to the proximity of its carbonyl groups to its aromatic rings, whereas PC has only a single peak.

Tandem Carbon-Radical Peroxidation−Addition to Carbonyl Groups Reaction. A New Synthesis of Steroidal β-Peroxy Lactones

1996 ◽  
Vol 61 (26) ◽  
pp. 9635-9635
Author(s):  
Alicia Boto ◽  
Rosendo Hernández ◽  
Ernesto Suárez ◽  
Carmen Betancor ◽  
María S. Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
New Synthesis

Homogeneous and two phase sulphonation of some aromatic hydrocarbons

1977 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-458
Author(s):  
Morteza Sohrabi ◽  
Tahereh Kaghazchi ◽  
Carl Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Two Phase
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