The ζ-Potential of Kaolinite Particles

1956 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 450 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Street ◽  
AS Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Electrophoretic Mobility ◽  
Surface Charge Density ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Ζ Potential ◽  
Potentiometric Titrations ◽  
Kaolinite Suspension

Electrophoretic mobility measurements, and both conductometric and potentiometric titrations, were carried out on a kaolinite suspension throughout its neutralization by various bases. The concentration of the ionic species present was calculated from the conductometric and potentiometric titrations, and the true ζ-potential calculated from the electrophoretic mobility by Stigter and Mysels's (1955) method. The results indicate that a discontinuity exists in the adsorption of ions in the vicinity of pH 6.5-7.0 causing a considerable increase in the surface charge density of the particles.

Electrophoretic Mobility and Primitive Models:  Surface Charge Density Effect

2002 ◽  
Vol 106 (27) ◽  
pp. 6881-6886 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Martín-Molina ◽  
M. Quesada-Pérez ◽  
F. Galisteo-González ◽  
R. Hidalgo-Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Electrophoretic Mobility ◽  
Surface Charge Density ◽  
Density Effect

scholarly journals Electrophoretic Mobility and N-Acetyl Neuraminic Acid Content of Human Normal and Leukemic Lymphocytes and Granulocytes

Blood ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARSHALL A. LICHTMAN ◽  
ROBERT I. WEED
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Electrophoretic Mobility ◽  
Surface Charge Density ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Neuraminic Acid ◽  
Cell Periphery ◽  
Neuraminidase Treatment ◽  
Molecular Arrangement

Abstract Studies have been conducted to determine the electrophoretic mobility and the N-Acetyl Neuraminic Acid (NANA) content of different human leukocyte types. Leukemic granulocytes and lymphocytes do not differ significantly from their normal counterparts in rate of electrophoretic mobility. An absolute comparison between leukemic and normal myeloblasts could not be made; however, populations of leukemic myeloblasts were often similar in mobility to normal immature granulocytes. Immature granulocytes had a significantly higher surface-charge density than PMNGs, and this is due primarily to differences in NANA carboxyl groups contributing to the electro-kinetic surface of the cell. The small lymphocyte has a surface-charge density more similar to that of immature granulocytes and myeloblasts than to that of PMNGs. The surface-dependent behavior of different leukocyte types may be related, in part, to the density or arrangement of NANA molecules at the cell periphery; alternatively, the distribution of surface NANA may be a reflection of other differences in molecular arrangement of the cell membrane which are important in determining functional capacities. Total cellular NANA is greater in the PMNG than the lymphocyte, and this is likely to be a reflection of the larger surface area of external and internal membranes of the PMNG. These data also suggest that the surface area of the PMNG and lymphocyte is not reflected by the assumption of a smooth sphere. Neither total NANA nor neuraminidase-susceptible NANA can be used as an estimate of comparative NANA-dependent surface-charge density which must depend on electrophoretic mobility measurements with and without neuraminidase treatment.

scholarly journals Density of surface charge is a more predictive factor of the toxicity of cationic carbon nanoparticles than zeta potential

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maud Weiss ◽  
Jiahui Fan ◽  
Mickaël Claudel ◽  
Thomas Sonntag ◽  
Pascal Didier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Surface Charge Density ◽  
Airway Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mucus Production ◽  
Ζ Potential ◽  
Viability Loss

Abstract Background A positive surface charge has been largely associated with nanoparticle (NP) toxicity. However, by screening a carbon NP library in macrophages, we found that a cationic charge does not systematically translate into toxicity. To get deeper insight into this, we carried out a comprehensive study on 5 cationic carbon NPs (NP2 to NP6) exhibiting a similar zeta (ζ) potential value (from + 20.6 to + 26.9 mV) but displaying an increasing surface charge density (electrokinetic charge, Qek from 0.23 to 4.39 µmol/g). An anionic and non-cytotoxic NP (NP1, ζ-potential = − 38.5 mV) was used as control. Results The 5 cationic NPs induced high (NP6 and NP5, Qek of 2.95 and 4.39 µmol/g, respectively), little (NP3 and NP4, Qek of 0.78 and 1.35 µmol/g, respectively) or no (NP2, Qek of 0.23 µmol/g) viability loss in THP-1-derived macrophages exposed for 24 h to escalating NP dose (3 to 200 µg/mL). A similar toxicity trend was observed in airway epithelial cells (A549 and Calu-3), with less viability loss than in THP-1 cells. NP3, NP5 and NP6 were taken up by THP-1 cells at 4 h, whereas NP1, NP2 and NP4 were not. Among the 6 NPs, only NP5 and NP6 with the highest surface charge density induced significant oxidative stress, IL-8 release, mitochondrial dysfunction and loss in lysosomal integrity in THP-1 cells. As well, in mice, NP5 and NP6 only induced airway inflammation. NP5 also increased allergen-induced immune response, airway inflammation and mucus production. Conclusions Thus, this study clearly reveals that the surface charge density of a cationic carbon NP rather than the absolute value of its ζ-potential is a relevant descriptor of its in vitro and in vivo toxicity.

scholarly journals ζ-POTENTIAL AND SURFACE CHARGE DENSITY OF TANNIC ACID-TREATED NYLON 6 FIBERS IN ACID DYE SOLUTIONS

1981 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. T241-T246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinji Ogasawara ◽  
Hiromasa Asami ◽  
Yoshifumi Kimura ◽  
Shigetaka Kuroiwa
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Surface Charge Density ◽  
Nylon 6 ◽  
Acid Dye ◽  
Ζ Potential ◽  
Dye Solutions
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