Interactions between Neutron and Proton

1950 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 519
Author(s):  
P Swan
Keyword(s):  
Short Range ◽  
Scalar Meson ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Scattering Data ◽  
Energy Data ◽  
Central Potential ◽  
Proton Interaction ◽  
Short Range Repulsion ◽  
Pseudo Scalar

An attempt has been made to find an interaction between neutron and proton which will account for not only the binding energy and quadripole moment of the deuteron and the low energy scattering data, but also the results of the experiments on the scattering of 90 MeV. neutrons by protons. Three types of modification of the triplet neutron-proton interaction have been used which embody the following features : (1) A non-central potential of spherical well form, whose radius of interaction is varied. (2) A non-central potential whose form is closer to that of the pseudo-scalar meson potential than the usual Rarita-Schwinger form, but which does not possess the objectionable singularities of the former. (3) The inclusion of a large short-range repulsion. In each case exchange forces of the usual types have been used. The results obtained, like those of other workers in this field using different forms of interaction, fail to agree with the high energy data.

scholarly journals Effects of Singular-Vector-Type Initial Errors on the Short-Range Prediction of Kuroshio Extension Transition Processes

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (15) ◽  
pp. 5961-5983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Youmin Tang ◽  
Stefano Pierini ◽  
Mu Mu
Keyword(s):  
Short Range ◽  
Singular Vector ◽  
Energy State ◽  
Kuroshio Extension ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Error Growth ◽  
Initial Error ◽  
Initial Errors ◽  
The Kuroshio

The effects of optimal initial error on the short-range prediction of transition processes between the Kuroshio Extension (KE) bimodalities are analyzed using a reduced-gravity shallow-water model and the singular vector (SV) approach. Emphasis is placed on the spatial structures, growing processes, and effects of the SVs. The results show that the large values of the SVs are mainly located in the first crest region of the KE (around 35°N, 144°E) and in the Kuroshio large meander (KLM) region south of Japan (around 32°N, 139.5°E). The fast growths of the SVs have important impacts on the prediction of transition of the KE bimodality. The initial error with +SV pattern (with positive anomalies in the first crest region of the KE and negative anomalies in the KLM region) tends to strengthen the KE and shift it toward the high-energy state, while the error with −SV pattern is prone to weaken the KE and shift it toward the low-energy state. In addition, the SV-type initial errors grow more quickly in the transition phase of the KE from the high-energy to the low-energy state than in the opposite transition phase. A perturbation energy analysis illustrates that different physical processes are responsible for the error growth in the KE region for different transition phases of the KE; barotropic instability plays a dominant role in the error growth in the low-to-high (LH) energy phase, while the error evolution in the high-to-low (HL) energy phase is mainly caused by advection processes.

What is resonance?

1970 ◽  
Vol 318 (1534) ◽  
pp. 279-298 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Partial Wave ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Scattering Data ◽  
Resonance States ◽  
The Real ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
Energy Domain ◽  
Limiting Case

The concept of duality, discussed in the previous paper by Dr C. Schmid, refers to the notion that the analysis of an S matrix amplitude in terms of s channel resonances and its analysis in terms of t channel (and u channel) reggeon exchanges are not independent, but represent alternative descriptions, the former being the more appropriate in the low energy domain and the latter being the more appropriate in the low t (or low u ) domain for high energy interactions. Hence, at the time when this Discussion meeting was planned, it appeared necessary to attempt to clarify the notion of resonance , since there was then a good deal of discussion about how partial wave analyses of scattering data should be interpreted in terms of resonance states (Bransden, O’Donnell & Moorhouse 1965; Lovelace 1968; Donnachie 1968), and even whether such an interpretation was necessarily the case at all (Schmid 1968 a,b ; Collins, Johnson & Squires 1968; Alessandrini & Squires 1968; Alessandrini, Freund, Oehme & Squires 1968; Collins, Johnson & Ross 1968; Kreps & Logan 1969). However, in the actual use of duality in this meeting and in the model amplitudes which have been discussed thus far for the illustration of duality, there is really no controversy about the nature of resonance, since these models are still confined to the cases of resonances with zero width, characterized by poles on the real s axis, and there is essentially no ambiguity about the relation between resonances and poles in this limiting case. All the same, it still seems worthwhile to take a few moments to draw attention to a number of points about the description of resonance, which deserve to be more widely known.

HEAVY MAJORANA NEUTRINOS IN HIGH-ENERGY e-e- COLLISIONS COMPARED WITH THEIR EFFECTS INDUCING NEUTRINOLESS DOUBLE BETA DECAY

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (16) ◽  
pp. 2429-2446
Author(s):  
CLEMENS A. HEUSCH ◽  
PETER MINKOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Beta Decay ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Double Beta Decay ◽  
Mixing Parameters ◽  
Short Range Repulsion ◽  
Energy Environment ◽  
Majorana Neutrinos ◽  
The Masses

We discuss the potential of e-e- collisions at energies comparable to the masses of heavy Majorana neutrinos to reveal their mass and mixing parameters. This potential is compared with the low-energy environment in neutrinoless double beta decay of complex nuclei. We give estimates for the short-range repulsion between any pair of valence quarks bound inside two different nucleons giving rise to suppression factors in the range of 50–100 in amplitude for decays mediated by heavy flavors.

ALPHA-ALPHA AND ALPHA-NUCLEUS POTENTIALS: AN ENERGY-DENSITY FUNCTIONAL APPROACH

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (13n14) ◽  
pp. 2429-2437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. F. SHEHADEH ◽  
A. K. BASAK ◽  
M. N. A. ABDULLAH ◽  
M. A. UDDIN ◽  
I. REICHSTEIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Bound States ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
Scattering Data ◽  
Energy Density Functional ◽  
Nucleon Potential ◽  
Short Range Repulsion ◽  
Functional Forms

The real parts of the alpha-alpha and alpha-nucleus potential, particularly for 40,44,48 Ca and 58 Ni targets are determined from a realistic two-nucleon potential using an energy-density functional approach and are found to be non-monotonic with a short range repulsion in their functional forms that are similar to those needed in accounting for elastic scattering data. The deduced alpha-alpha potential has no bound states and the calculated decay width of 8 Be of about 6.4 eV at about 200 keV energy is in agreement with the measurement.

scholarly journals High-Energy Bounds from Low-Energy Data

1972 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 2757-2759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Blankenbecler ◽  
Robert Savit
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Energy Data ◽  
Energy Bounds

Low energy vs. high energy depositional settings and related sedimentary bodies in early Senenian rudist bearing carbonate shelves (central-southern Italy)

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Carannante ◽  
A. Laviano ◽  
D. Ruberti ◽  
Lucia Simone ◽  
G. Sirna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Depositional Settings

Transportation: Fuel Energies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Rez
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Nuclear Fuels ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbons ◽  
Transportation Fuel ◽  
Journey Time

Transportation efficiency can be measured in terms of the energy needed to move a person or a tonne of freight over a given distance. For passengers, journey time is important, so an equally useful measure is the product of the energy used and the time taken for the journey. Transportation requires storage of energy. Rechargeable systems such as batteries have very low energy densities as compared to fossil fuels. The highest energy densities come from nuclear fuels, although, because of shielding requirements, these are not practical for most forms of transportation. Liquid hydrocarbons represent a nice compromise between high energy density and ease of use.

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