Continuous Flow Synthesis of Organic Electronic Materials – Case Studies in Methodology Translation and Scale-up

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helga Seyler ◽  
Stefan Haid ◽  
Tae-Hyuk Kwon ◽  
David J. Jones ◽  
Peter Bäuerle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Electronic Materials ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Organic Dye ◽  
Flow Synthesis ◽  
Organic Electronic Materials ◽  
Thiophene Derivatives

The continuous flow synthesis of functional thiophene derivatives was examined. Methodology for the lithiation of thiophene building blocks was developed using a commercial bench-top flow reactor. In addition, the advantages of flow processing were demonstrated in the synthesis of a high performance organic dye in gram scale.

scholarly journals Diels–Alder reactions of myrcene using intensified continuous-flow reactors

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 120-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian H Hornung ◽  
Miguel Á Álvarez-Diéguez ◽  
Thomas M Kohl ◽  
John Tsanaktsidis
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Alder Reaction ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Flow Reactors ◽  
Diels Alder Reaction ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Continuous Flow Reactors

This work describes the Diels–Alder reaction of the naturally occurring substituted butadiene, myrcene, with a range of different naturally occurring and synthetic dienophiles. The synthesis of the Diels–Alder adduct from myrcene and acrylic acid, containing surfactant properties, was scaled-up in a plate-type continuous-flow reactor with a volume of 105 mL to a throughput of 2.79 kg of the final product per day. This continuous-flow approach provides a facile alternative scale-up route to conventional batch processing, and it helps to intensify the synthesis protocol by applying higher reaction temperatures and shorter reaction times.

scholarly journals Theoretical and Experimental Sets of Choice Anode/Cathode Architectonics for High-Performance Full-Scale LIB Built-up Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Khalifa ◽  
S. A. El-Safty ◽  
A. Reda ◽  
M. A. Shenashen ◽  
M. M. Selim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Density Functional Theory Calculation ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
High Energy Density

Abstract To control the power hierarchy design of lithium-ion battery (LIB) built-up sets for electric vehicles (EVs), we offer intensive theoretical and experimental sets of choice anode/cathode architectonics that can be modulated in full-scale LIB built-up models. As primary structural tectonics, heterogeneous composite superstructures of full-cell-LIB (anode//cathode) electrodes were designed in closely packed flower agave rosettes TiO2@C (FRTO@C anode) and vertical-star-tower LiFePO4@C (VST@C cathode) building blocks to regulate the electron/ion movement in the three-dimensional axes and orientation pathways. The superpower hierarchy surfaces and multi-directional orientation components may create isosurface potential electrodes with mobile electron movements, in-to-out interplay electron dominances, and electron/charge cloud distributions. This study is the first to evaluate the hotkeys of choice anode/cathode architectonics to assemble different LIB–electrode platforms with high-mobility electron/ion flows and high-performance capacity functionalities. Density functional theory calculation revealed that the FRTO@C anode and VST-(i)@C cathode architectonics are a superior choice for the configuration of full-scale LIB built-up models. The integrated FRTO@C//VST-(i)@C full-scale LIB retains a huge discharge capacity (~ 94.2%), an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.85% after 2000 cycles at 1 C, and a high energy density of 127 Wh kg−1, thereby satisfying scale-up commercial EV requirements.

Scale-up and Optimization of a Continuous Flow Synthesis of an α-Thio-β-chloroacrylamide

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1978-1987
Author(s):  
Olga C. Dennehy ◽  
Denis Lynch ◽  
Stuart G. Collins ◽  
Anita R. Maguire ◽  
Humphrey A. Moynihan
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Flow Synthesis

ChemInform Abstract: Continuous Flow Synthesis of α-Halo Ketones: Essential Building Blocks of Antiretroviral Agents.

ChemInform ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (30) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Vagner D. Pinho ◽  
Bernhard Gutmann ◽  
Leandro S. M. Miranda ◽  
Rodrigo O. M. A. de Souza ◽  
C. Oliver Kappe
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Flow Synthesis ◽  
Antiretroviral Agents

Continuous flow synthesis concatenated with continuous flow liquid–liquid extraction for work-up and purification: selective mono- and di-iodination of the imidazole backbone

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audun Drageset ◽  
Hans-René Bjørsvik
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Flow Synthesis ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Flow Processes ◽  
Work Up

Flow processes for mono- and di-iodination of the imidazole backbone were devised, developed, and implemented on the multi-jet oscillating disk (MJOD) flow reactor platform.

Dibenzotetrathiafulvalene Bisimides: New Building Blocks for Organic Electronic Materials**

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (19) ◽  
pp. 3037-3042 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. K. Gao ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
X. D. Yang ◽  
Y. Q. Liu ◽  
W. F. Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Materials ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Organic Electronic ◽  
Organic Electronic Materials

scholarly journals Facile synthesis of N-doped graphene encapsulated Pd@N/C catalyst and its efficient application in cascade flow synthesis of amines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianguo Liu ◽  
Jiangmin Sun ◽  
Yanpei Song ◽  
Shanshan Lin ◽  
Longlong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Primary Amine ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Primary Amines ◽  
Facile Synthesis ◽  
Flow Synthesis ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Doped Graphene ◽  
Excellent Stability

Abstract N-methylamines, as an important class of chemicals, crucial building blocks, have been widely used in pharmaceutical companies and materials synthesis. Transition metal-catalyzed synthesis of N-methylamines, especially the heterogeneous catalyzed N-methylation of amines via different C1 sources has become the most promising methodology, due to the environmentally friendlier process and the recyclable and easily accessible catalysts. However, these reactions generally require activated toxic methyl iodide or dimethyl sulfoxide, and homogeneous catalysts or Raney nickel catalyst. The synthesis of amines still suffering from narrow scopes of amines, harsh reaction conditions, low selectivity of the desired products, and against the requirements of atomic economy and sustainable green environment. Herein, we developed a novel facile synthesis of nitrogen-doped graphene encapsulated Pd@NC nanocatalysts. The resulting heterogeneous catalyst was active for the synthesis of amines (more than 83 examples, yield up to 99%). The nitrogen-doped effect was unlike the previous report that poisoned the metal, it could increase the interaction with the active metal resulting in excellent stability. As far as we know, for the first time, the developed N-doped graphene encapsulated Pd@NC nanocatalyst showed excellent stability and activity of amines synthesis in the 20 times’ recycling test, industrially applicable flow reactor 2880 minutes’ test, and 99% purity of primary amine and tertiary amines product preparation test. Moreover, we have also shown the high atomic economy and environmentally friendlier tandem flow synthesis of N, N-dimethylamine products via the combination of reduction of nitrobenzene and N-methylation of amines, using the single one Pd@NC nanocatalyst with H2O as the only by-product. Upon our knowledge, this is a novel example of primary amine and tertiary amine synthesis methodology with the combined cascade reaction and flow process of nitrobenzene reduction and primary amines N-methylation with a single heterogeneous catalyst.

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