Soft Core–Hard Shell Silicone Hybrid Nanoparticles Synthesized by Miniemulsion Polymerization: Effect of Silicone Content and Crosslinking on Latex Film Properties

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umaporn Paiphansiri ◽  
Yuri Reyes ◽  
Carola Hoffmann-Richter ◽  
Sonja Theisinger ◽  
Katharina Landfester
Keyword(s):  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Miniemulsion Polymerization ◽  
Shell Morphology ◽  
Hybrid Nanoparticles ◽  
Latex Film ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Hard Shell ◽  
Water Swelling

Composite nanoparticles consisting of ‘soft’ silicone oil and ‘hard’ polyacrylate with core–shell morphology were obtained by a one-step synthesis via the miniemulsion process. Various parameters, i.e. the viscosity and amount of the silicone, the surfactant content, the (co)monomers affecting the particle size and morphology were studied. With an optimum hydrophilicity of the polymer shell, composite particles possessing a well-defined core–shell morphology were obtained as determined by transmission electron microscopy. The fully encapsulated silicone oil (40 wt-%) in a slightly crosslinked polyacrylate shell showed good film formation as revealed by atomic force microscopy. The ability to highly confine silicone oil in the composite film could clearly be evaluated from contact angle measurements. By finely changing the crosslink concentration in the polymeric shell, tunable hydrophobic properties of films cast from silicone core–polyacrylate shell latexes could be achieved. In addition, the high thermal resistance and excellent water-resistant properties of the film were shown by thermal gravimetric analysis and water swelling determination. These composite latexes are presented as new alternatives for practical utility in waterborne coatings.

Magnetic polystyrene nanocapsules with core-shell morphology obtained by emulsifier-free miniemulsion polymerization

2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Madani ◽  
Naser Sharifi-Sanjani ◽  
Reza Faridi-Majidi
Keyword(s):  
Miniemulsion Polymerization ◽  
Shell Morphology ◽  
Core Shell

scholarly journals Preparation and Deep Characterization of Composite/Hybrid Multi-Scale and Multi-Domain Polymeric Microparticles

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 3921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Yu ◽  
Nikunjkumar Visaveliya ◽  
Christophe A. Serra ◽  
J. Michael Köhler ◽  
Shukai Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Miniemulsion Polymerization ◽  
Elongational Flow ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Shell Morphology ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
The Core ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Polymeric Microparticles

Polymeric microparticles were produced following a three-step procedure involving (i) the production of an aqueous nanoemulsion of tri and monofunctional acrylate-based monomers droplets by an elongational-flow microemulsifier, (ii) the production of a nanosuspension upon the continuous-flow UV-initiated miniemulsion polymerization of the above nanoemulsion and (iii) the production of core-shell polymeric microparticles by means of a microfluidic capillaries-based double droplets generator; the core phase was composed of the above nanosuspension admixed with a water-soluble monomer and gold salt, the shell phase comprised a trifunctional monomer, diethylene glycol and a silver salt; both phases were photopolymerized on-the-fly upon droplet formation. Resulting microparticles were extensively analyzed by energy dispersive X-rays spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy to reveal the core-shell morphology, the presence of silver nanoparticles in the shell, organic nanoparticles in the core but failed to reveal the presence of the gold nanoparticles in the core presumably due to their too small size (c.a. 2.5 nm). Nevertheless, the reddish appearance of the as such prepared polymer microparticles emphasized that this three-step procedure allowed the easy elaboration of composite/hybrid multi-scale and multi-domain polymeric microparticles.

scholarly journals Tracking Hydroplasticization by DSC: Movement of Water Domains Bound to Poly(Meth)Acrylates during Latex Film Formation

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2500
Author(s):  
Sebastian M. Dron ◽  
Maria Paulis
Keyword(s):  
Itaconic Acid ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Latex Film ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Acrylate Copolymer ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Minimum Film Formation Temperature ◽  
Latex Film Formation ◽  
Formation Step

The film formation step of latexes constitutes one of the challenges of these environmentally friendly waterborne polymers, as the high glass transition (TG) polymers needed to produce hard films to be used as coatings will not produce coherent films at low temperature. This issue has been dealt by the use of temporary plasticizers added with the objective to reduce the TG of the polymers during film formation, while being released to the atmosphere afterwards. The main problem of these temporary plasticizers is their volatile organic nature, which is not recommended for the environment. Therefore, different strategies have been proposed to overcome their massive use. One of them is the use of hydroplasticization, as water, abundant in latexes, can effectively act as plasticizer for certain types of polymers. In this work, the effect of three different grafted hydroplasticizers has been checked in a (meth)acrylate copolymer, concluding that itaconic acid showed the best performance as seen by its low minimum film-formation temperature, just slightly modified water resistance and better mechanical properties of the films containing itaconic acid. Furthermore, film formation monitoring has been carried out by Differential Scanning Calorimety (DSC), showing that itaconic acid is able to retain more strongly the water molecules during the water losing process, improving its hydroplasticization capacity.

An overview of polymer latex film formation and properties

2000 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Steward ◽  
J. Hearn ◽  
M.C. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Film Formation ◽  
Latex Film ◽  
Latex Film Formation ◽  
Polymer Latex
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