Risk-Based Assessment of the Impact of Aluminium on a Riverine Ecosystem

2004 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 951
Author(s):  
Paul L. Brown ◽  
John M. Ferris
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
River System ◽  
Risk Assessment Code ◽  
Detailed Measurement ◽  
Geochemical Model ◽  
Independent Field ◽  
Guideline Value ◽  
The Impact

The Dawesley Creek–Bremer River drainage system, in South Australia, is affected by the potentially costly problem of acid drainage from the Brukunga mine site. This paper contrasts geochemical model predictions of water quality with detailed measurement of water chemistry in the field. This information is also used in the ecological risk assessment code, AQUARISK, to predict the degree of ecological detriment. These predictions are then assessed against independent, field-based biomeasures of algal and bacterial communities to test the performance of the code. The study demonstrates that the assessment of ecological risk obtained using AQUARISK, when coupled with geochemical modelling, accords quite well with the independent data from the biomeasures. Results from the study also suggest that only a single water-quality guideline value is required for aluminium, the major toxicant in the Dawesley Creek–Bremer River system.

scholarly journals FOREST MANAGEMENT AND WATER QUALITY IN LATVIA: IDENTIFYING CHALLENGES AND SEEKING SOLUTIONS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zane KALVITE ◽  
Zane LIBIETE ◽  
Arta BARDULE Arta BARDULE
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
System Maintenance ◽  
The Impact

Rise in human population, industrialization, urbanization, intensified agriculture and forestry pose considerable risks to water supply and quality both on global and regional scale. While freshwater resources are abundant in Latvia, during recent years increased attention has been devoted to water quality in relation to anthropogenic impacts. Forest cover in Latvia equals 52% and forest management and forest infrastructure building and maintenance are among the activities that may, directly or indirectly, affect water quality in headwater catchments. Sedimentation, eutrophication and export of hazardous substances, especially mercury (Hg), are of highest concern. To address these topics, several initiatives have started recently. In 2011, cooperation programme between Latvian State Forest Research Institute (LSFRI) “Silava” and JSC “Latvia’s State Forests” was launched to evaluate the impact of forest management on the environment. This programme included research on the efficiency of water protection structures used at drainage system maintenance (sedimentation ponds, overland flow) and regeneration felling (bufferzones). In 2016, within the second stage of this cooperation programme, a study on the impact of forest management on water quality (forest road construction, drainage system maintenance, felling) was started on a catchment scale. Since 2016 LSFRI Silava is partner in the Interreg Baltic Sea Region Programme project “Water management in Baltic forests”. By focusing on drainage systems, riparian zones and beaver activity, this project aims at reducing nutrient and Hg export from forestry sites to streams and lakes. While this project mostly has a demonstration character, it will also offer novel results on Hg and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in beaver ponds in all participating states. This paper aims at summarizing most important challenges related to the impact of forest management on water quality and corresponding recent initiatives striving to offer solutions.

scholarly journals The Mbam drainage system and onchocerciasis transmission post ivermectin mass drug administration (MDA) campaign, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. e0008926
Author(s):  
Raphael Awah Abong ◽  
Glory Ngongeh Amambo ◽  
Ali Ahamat Hamid ◽  
Belinda Agbor Enow ◽  
Amuam Andrew Beng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
River System ◽  
High Water ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
The Impact

Background The impact of large scale Mass Drug Adminstration (MDA) of ivermectin on active onchocerciasis transmission by Simulium damnosum, which transmits the parasite O. volvulus is of great importance for onchocerciasis control programmes. We investigated in the Mbam river system area, the impact of MDA of ivermectin on entomological indices and also verify if there are river system factors that could have favoured the transmission of onchocerciasis in this area and contribute to the persistence of disease. We compared three independent techniques to detect Onchocerca larvae in blackflies and also analyzed the river system within 9 months post-MDA of ivermectin. Method Simulium flies were captured before and after 1, 3, 6 and 9months of ivermectin-MDA. The biting rate was determined and 41% of the flies dissected while the rest were grouped into pools of 100 flies for DNA extraction. The extracted DNA was then subjected to O-150 LAMP and real-time PCR for the detection of infection by Onchocerca species using pool screening. The river system was analysed and the water discharge compared between rainy and dry seasons. Principal findings We used human landing collection method (previously called human bait) to collect 22,274 adult female Simulium flies from Mbam River System. Of this number, 9,134 were dissected while 129 pools constituted for molecular screening. Overall biting and parous rates of 1113 flies/man/day and 24.7%, respectively, were observed. All diagnostic techniques detected similar rates of O. volvulus infection (P = 0.9252) and infectivity (P = 0.4825) at all monitoring time points. Onchocerca ochengi larvae were only detected in 2 of the 129 pools. Analysis of the river drainage revealed two hydroelectric dams constructed on the tributaries of the Mbam river were the key contributing factor to the high-water discharge during both rainy and dry seasons. Conclusion Results from fly dissection (Microscopy), real-time PCR and LAMP revealed the same trends pre- and post-MDA. The infection rate with animal Onchocerca sp was exceptionally low. The dense river system generate important breeding sites that govern the abundance of Simulium during both dry and rainy seasons.

scholarly journals The impact of land use and spatial mediated processes on the water quality in a river system

2017 ◽  
Vol 601-602 ◽  
pp. 365-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Vrebos ◽  
Olivier Beauchard ◽  
Patrick Meire
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
River System ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals IMPACT OF SMALL HYDROPOWER PLANTS ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND BIOTIC ENVIRONMENTS IN FLATLAND RIVERBEDS OF LITHUANIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saulius Vaikasas ◽  
Nijole Bastiene ◽  
Virginija Pliuraite
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
River System ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Hydropower Plant ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Communities ◽  
Reference Sites ◽  
Small Hydropower ◽  
Hydrostatic Head ◽  
The Impact

The impact of a small hydropower plant (SHP) on river water quality and macroinvertebrates has been investigated in 5 Lithuanian rivers and involved 17 dams of which ten are in a sequence in the same river system. The hydrostatic head of SHP dams ranged from 2.75 to 14.50 m and the capacities of their reservoirs varied from 40×103 to 15,500×103 m3. Physicochemical characteristics, as well as macroinvertebrate communities, were evaluated in sites above and below the SHP dams comparing them with reference sites. It was established that construction of SHP dams (H15 m) in Lithuania substantially changed regimes of suspended solids, fine particles and nutrients only locally regardless of hydrostatic head of the dam. Compared to reference sites, SHP reservoirs and sites below SHP dams had relatively more Chironomidae larvae and Oligochaeta, and less Coleoptera larvae as well as the relative abundance of pollution-sensitive Ephemeroptera and EPT. Water quality according to biotic indexes (DSFI and HBI) in the sites influenced by SHP dams was recognised to be moderate or poor, but impact was only local. This suggests that increment of catchment’s area and intensive land use for agriculture within the river basin plays more important role than SHP dams

The history of the great northwest European rivers during the past three million years

1988 ◽  
Vol 318 (1191) ◽  
pp. 559-602 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drainage System ◽  
River System ◽  
Estuarine Sediments ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
River Valleys ◽  
Continental Glaciation ◽  
The Impact

This paper is based on a review of the histories of the Rivers Elbe, Saale, Weser, Rhine, Meuse, Scheldt, Thames, Somme and Seine. Two further rivers no longer in existence, the Baltic and Channel rivers, are also included. The histories of these rivers illustrate how the interplay of tectonics and climate have influenced the northwest European drainage system through the late Cainozoic. The foundations of the modern drainage system were laid in the Miocene when earth movements associated with Alpine orogenesis and the opening of the North Atlantic were at their height. In general, these early rivers occupied shallow valleys and transported only chemically resistant minerals and lithologies. The Pleistocene was marked by the appearance of cold climates. These climates resulted in fluvial dissection of the landscape, which stripped first regolith, then fresh material derived by periglacial processes. This material accumulated in the river valleys as gravel and sand deposits, which make up the overwhelming bulk of Pleistocene fluvial sediments. The rivers generally adopted braided courses during cold stages. The deeply incised modern valley system has developed largely as a result of rapid climatic changes over the past 2.4 Ma or so. Throughout this period the river system has undergone repeated adjustments in response to continental glaciation. These responses are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the impact of the Anglian-Elsterian glaciation that blocked the southern North Sea to produce a vast ice-dammed lake, the overspill from which initiated the Dover Straits. By contrast, interglacial sedimentation comprises predominantly fine, often fossiliferous sediments with rivers normally adopting single-thread channels, while estuarine sediments were deposited in areas invaded by high eustatic sea levels. The impact of sea-level change on the length of rivers and their courses is considered.

scholarly journals Stormwater Management Practices and Green-Blue Infrastructure in Urban Areas: an Overview

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Sabbion
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Impervious Surfaces ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Flooding Risk ◽  
The Impact

Water quality, flooding risk, and water consumption in urban areas are emerging  issues. Urban impervious surfaces increase stormwater runoff,  affecting ecosystems  and leading to hydrogeological instability and flooding risk. Sustainable urban design strategies can contribute to counteract the negative impact of anthropic activities both at city-scale and global scale. Green and Blue Infrastructure (GBI) approaches, in particular, are an alternative to stormwater traditional management. In Europe, Sustainable Drainage System implementation copes with impervious surfaces to achieve water quality, amenity, and biodiversity increase. Best Management Practices, developed mainly in the USA, focus on specific measures for sustainable stormwater treatment. Water Sensitive Urban Design, spread in Australia and England, also aims to minimize the impact of developed areas preventing flood risk, limiting water consumption and enhancing environmental quality. In the USA and Canada, Low Impact Development offers design strategies to manage runoff and deliver structural practices to mimic predevelopment processes of infiltration, filtration and detention.

scholarly journals Prewhitened causality analysis for the chlorophyll-a concentration in the Yeongsan River system

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunhyung Lee ◽  
Sanghyun Kim ◽  
Eunhye Na ◽  
Kyunghyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
River System ◽  
River Regulation ◽  
Principal Factor ◽  
Principal Factor Analysis ◽  
Chl A ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Blooming of algae has been a primary issue of concern for heavily polluted aquatic ecosystems. The chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration depends on various hydrological, biochemical and anthropogenic components, which makes prediction of algal blooms complicated. A river regulation project in Yeongsan River, South Korea, involving the construction of a weir, had substantially altered the flow regime. A prewhitened time series analysis is a useful method for delineation of a causal relationship between two environmental variables. This study explores the impact of river regulation on algal blooming using both the prewhitened cross-correlation method and principal factor analysis. Both individual and comprehensive causality structures were configured for the variation in Chl-a concentration. A prewhitened cross-correlation analysis indicates that the water quality response patterns of the river system were changed to those of a reservoir after the river regulation project. A principal factor analysis of correlations indicates that the weir construction had a stronger impact on algal concentration than both the hydro-meteorological factor and difference in sampling location. Variation in stochastic structures from nutrients and water quality factors to algal bloom was substantially reduced by the construction of a weir, which can be explained by the relatively uniform flow pattern throughout the river regulation practice.

scholarly journals Impacts of climate change scenarios on dissolved oxygen in the River Thames, UK

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 138-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Cox ◽  
P. G. Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Stochastic Modelling ◽  
River System ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
The Impact

A water quality model is used to assess the impact of possible climate change on dissolved oxygen (DO) in the Thames. The Thames catchment is densely populated and, typically, many pressures are anthropogenic. However, that same population also relies on the river for potable water supply and as a disposal route for treated wastewater. Thus, future water quality will be highly dependent on future activity. Dynamic and stochastic modelling has been used to assess the likely impacts on DO dynamics along the river system and the probability distributions associated with future variability. The modelling predictions indicate that warmer river temperatures and drought act to reduce dissolved oxygen concentrations in lowland river systems.

The impact of lime on water quality when draining clay soils

Ekologija ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentinas Šaulys ◽  
Nijolė Bastienė
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
The Impact

Анализ «Методики разработки нормативов допустимых сбросов веществ и микроорганизмов в водные объекты для водопользователей» в общем контексте водоохранного законодательства (в порядке обсуждения)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Saakian ◽  
Aleksandr, Grigor’ev ◽  
E. Kravets ◽  
E. Rudakov ◽  
A. Faddeev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Best Available Technologies ◽  
Process Indicators ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Protection Legislation ◽  
The Impact

Выполнен анализ действующей редакции Методики разработки нормативов допустимых сбросов веществ и микроорганизмов в водные объекты для водопользователей , утвержденной приказом Минприроды России от 17 декабря 2007 г. 333, на предмет непротиворечивости и соответствия нормам водоохранного законодательства. Выявлена неопределенность применения Методики в условиях воздействия на качество воды природных и антропогенных факторов, не зависящих от конкретного водопользователя. Положения Методики противоречат принципам нормирования воздействия на водные объекты на основе наилучших доступных технологий, что было показано на примерах утвержденных технологических показателей содержания загрязняющих веществ в сточных водах различных отраслей промышленности. Анализ системы нормирования допустимых воздействий на водные объекты и географической дифференциации нормативов качества воды в пределах Российской Федерации вместе с системой целевых показателей качества воды также показал несоответствие Методики основным принципам водоохранного законодательства.The analysis of the current edition of the Methods of developing standards for permissible discharges of substances and microorganisms into water bodies for water users , approved by the Order of the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia dated December 17, 2007 No. 333 for consilience and compliance with the regulations of the water protection legislation, is carried out. Uncertainty of the application of the Methods in the conditions of the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors that are independent of a specific water user on the quality of water has been identified. The provisions of the Methods contradict the principles of regulating the impact on water bodies based on the best available technologies shown on the examples of approved process indicators of the concentrations of various industrial pollutants in wastewater. An analysis of the system of regulating the permissible impact on water bodies and the geographical differentiation of water quality standards within the boundaries of the Russian Federation, together with the system of water quality targets, also showed that the Methods do not comply with the basic principles of the water protection legislation.

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