Fructose-Permeable Liquid Membranes Containing Boronic Acid Carriers

2004 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Duggan
Keyword(s):  
Boronic Acid ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Transport Process ◽  
Boronic Acids ◽  
The Other ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Considerable Progress ◽  
Liquid Membranes ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Careful Investigation

Liquid membranes that contain boronic acids have potential application in environmentally benign industrial D-fructose production. This review describes our efforts to develop boronic acid carriers that promote high fluxes, that are resistant to leaching, and that are highly selective for fructose over other sugars. Considerable progress has been made with multidentate boronic acid carriers. Initial attempts to transport D-fructose as macrocyclic β-D-fructopyranose diesters appeared to suffer from competitive transport of macrocyclic α-D-glucofuranose diesters, and did not lead to high D-fructose selectivity. On the other hand, carriers that can bind multiple equivalents of D-fructose as tridentate β-D-fructofuranose esters have been much more effective. Unfortunately, D-fructose selectivity is still apparently limited by a competitive and boronic acid-independent non-selective ‘mobile fixed site relay’ transport process. However, further progress will be possible through improved carrier design, careful investigation of the various stages of the transport process, and the use of more industrially useful membrane configurations.

scholarly journals XXVIII. On the forces caused by the communication of heat between a surface and a gas; and on a new photometer

1876 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 725-735 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Theory ◽  
Solid Surface ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Careful Investigation ◽  
The Way

In a paper read before the Royal Society, April 1874, I pointed out that the communication of heat from a solid surface to a gas, whether accompanied by evaporation or not, must, according to the kinetic theory, be attended by a reactionary force equi­valent to an increase in the pressure of the gas on the surface, and, conversely, when heat is communicated from the gas to the surface the pressure against the surface is diminished; and I also suggested that these forces are the probable cause of the motion, resulting in some way from radiation, which Mr. Crookes had brought into such pro­minent notice. Since the publication of this paper neither my conclusions as to the existence of these “heat reactions,” nor the reasoning by which I supported them, have been controverted or even questioned; but, on the other hand, they have received important confirmation. The results at which Professors Tait and Dewar arrived after a careful investigation fully bear out my conclusions, not only as to the existence of the forces, but also as to the way in which they explain Mr. Crookes’s experiments.

Phenomena of the Mechanical Deformation of Rubber

1931 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
H. Mark ◽  
E. Valko
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Mechanical Deformation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Considerable Progress ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Normal Position ◽  
Regular Lattice ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Crystalline System

Abstract It is only during recent years that it has become possible by the use of new technic to detect molecular phenomena produced in the mechanical deformation of substances. As far as metallic substances are concerned, and crystalline substances in particular, the problem has already been solved for the most part. On the other hand, in spite of considerable progress during recent years the study of the deformation of organic substances and of fibers in particular, in which group rubber is included, has not yet been carried on. The mechanical properties of a crystalline system vary according to whether there is a single crystal or an aggregate of crystals. However, in both cases the extensibility of the products originates in a displacement of parallel layers, i. e., a sliding of the parts of the crystal along definite crystalline planes, this phenomenon of sliding being irreversible in these substances. In fact, in these cases the reversible part of the elongation is very weak, and amounts to only a few thousandths of the entire phenomenon. In brief, the phenomena of hardening brought about by deformation (sometimes observable) are due to disturbances of the regular lattice. In particular, the displacement of the atom and the change from its normal position can cause the appearance of irregularities on the surface of sliding.

scholarly journals Inter-Ethnic Relations in Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, with Special Emphasis on Sokoru, Tiroo-Afata and Dedo Districts: 1900s-2007

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1054
Author(s):  
Deressa Debu Woyesa ◽  
Tsegaye Zeleke Tufa ◽  
Buruk Woldemichael Jima
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cash Crop ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Ethnic Relation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Jimma Zone ◽  
Careful Investigation ◽  
Good Attitude

A careful investigation has been made on the pattern of the 20th century inter-ethnic relation in Jimma zone of the Oromia region focusing mainly on three of the districts: Sokoru, Tiroo Afataa and Dedo. The result proved that the inter-ethnic relation of the period under study was dominated largely by the harmonious relationship between Oromos of the region and basically those Omotic neighbors of Yam, Dawro, Konta and Kafa. The inter-ethnic relation with people of Yam dominated the two districts of Sokoru and Tiro Afaata and the good attitude of particularly the king, Aba Jifar II, towards the Yam people constituted the bedrock of this peaceful interaction and integration with the Mecha Oromo of the region. The inter-ethnic relation with people of Dawro, Konta and Kafa, on the other hand, dominated the district of Dedo, and the fruit of the cash crop transaction of the region attracted a large number of these people to the study area. In both of the three districts, the inter-ethnic relations resulted in the assimilation of the Omotic neighboring communities into the Cushitic culture of Oromo of the study area making the Omotic communities bilingual in their languages and practitioner of mainly the doctrine of Islam in their religion.

I.—British Liassic Gasteropoda

1887 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 193-202
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Considerable Progress ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Vertical Range ◽  
Made In

The Gasteropoda, next to the Lamellibranchiate Mollusca, are the most varied class of organisms found in the Lias. The general elegance of their forms, and the frequent beauty of their ornamentation, make these fossils extremely attractive objects; whilst their limited vertical range gives them a by no means inconsiderable stratigraphical importance. Notwithstanding these inducements to their study, the Gasteropoda of the Lias have not received, in this country, anything like the amount of attention which has been given to the other leading classes of organisms derived from that formation. On the Continent, on the other hand, considerable progress had been made in the investigation of this interesting group of fossil mollusca more than thirty years ago.

A study of cometary eruptions through OH radio-lines

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 249-254
Author(s):  
A.M. Silva ◽  
R.D. Miró
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
The Other ◽  
Initial Mass ◽  
Radio Lines ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sudden Rise

AbstractWe have developed a model for theH2OandOHevolution in a comet outburst, assuming that together with the gas, a distribution of icy grains is ejected. With an initial mass of icy grains of 108kg released, theH2OandOHproductions are increased up to a factor two, and the growth curves change drastically in the first two days. The model is applied to eruptions detected in theOHradio monitorings and fits well with the slow variations in the flux. On the other hand, several events of short duration appear, consisting of a sudden rise ofOHflux, followed by a sudden decay on the second day. These apparent short bursts are frequently found as precursors of a more durable eruption. We suggest that both of them are part of a unique eruption, and that the sudden decay is due to collisions that de-excite theOHmaser, when it reaches the Cometopause region located at 1.35 × 105kmfrom the nucleus.

Closing the GAP—A 5Å Scanning Microscope

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
A. V. Crewe
Keyword(s):  
Normal Form ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Scanning Microscope ◽  
Conventional Microscope ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Closing The Gap ◽  
Thermal Sources ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Transmission Microscope

We have become accustomed to differentiating between the scanning microscope and the conventional transmission microscope according to the resolving power which the two instruments offer. The conventional microscope is capable of a point resolution of a few angstroms and line resolutions of periodic objects of about 1Å. On the other hand, the scanning microscope, in its normal form, is not ordinarily capable of a point resolution better than 100Å. Upon examining reasons for the 100Å limitation, it becomes clear that this is based more on tradition than reason, and in particular, it is a condition imposed upon the microscope by adherence to thermal sources of electrons.

Life Beyond 1MeV

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
K.H. Westmacott
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good Case ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The U.S

Life beyond 1MeV – like life after 40 – is not too different unless one takes advantage of past experience and is receptive to new opportunities. At first glance, the returns on performing electron microscopy at voltages greater than 1MeV diminish rather rapidly as the curves which describe the well-known advantages of HVEM often tend towards saturation. However, in a country with a significant HVEM capability, a good case can be made for investing in instruments with a range of maximum accelerating voltages. In this regard, the 1.5MeV KRATOS HVEM being installed in Berkeley will complement the other 650KeV, 1MeV, and 1.2MeV instruments currently operating in the U.S. One other consideration suggests that 1.5MeV is an optimum voltage machine – Its additional advantages may be purchased for not much more than a 1MeV instrument. On the other hand, the 3MeV HVEM's which seem to be operated at 2MeV maximum, are much more expensive.

Can the Academic Self-Concept be Positive and Realistic?

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reimer Kornmann
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Other Hand

Summary: My comment is basically restricted to the situation in which less-able students find themselves and refers only to literature in German. From this point of view I am basically able to confirm Marsh's results. It must, however, be said that with less-able pupils the opposite effect can be found: Levels of self-esteem in these pupils are raised, at least temporarily, by separate instruction, academic performance however drops; combined instruction, on the other hand, leads to improved academic performance, while levels of self-esteem drop. Apparently, the positive self-image of less-able pupils who receive separate instruction does not bring about the potential enhancement of academic performance one might expect from high-ability pupils receiving separate instruction. To resolve the dilemma, it is proposed that individual progress in learning be accentuated, and that comparisons with others be dispensed with. This fosters a self-image that can in equal measure be realistic and optimistic.

Stories and the Self

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Krause ◽  
Markus Appel
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Contrast Effects ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Abstract. Two experiments examined the influence of stories on recipients’ self-perceptions. Extending prior theory and research, our focus was on assimilation effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in line with a protagonist’s traits) as well as on contrast effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in contrast to a protagonist’s traits). In Experiment 1 ( N = 113), implicit and explicit conscientiousness were assessed after participants read a story about either a diligent or a negligent student. Moderation analyses showed that highly transported participants and participants with lower counterarguing scores assimilate the depicted traits of a story protagonist, as indicated by explicit, self-reported conscientiousness ratings. Participants, who were more critical toward a story (i.e., higher counterarguing) and with a lower degree of transportation, showed contrast effects. In Experiment 2 ( N = 103), we manipulated transportation and counterarguing, but we could not identify an effect on participants’ self-ascribed level of conscientiousness. A mini meta-analysis across both experiments revealed significant positive overall associations between transportation and counterarguing on the one hand and story-consistent self-reported conscientiousness on the other hand.

Don’t Put Me in This Group

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-93
Author(s):  
Jort de Vreeze ◽  
Christina Matschke
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Negative Information ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Group Memberships

Abstract. Not all group memberships are self-chosen. The current research examines whether assignments to non-preferred groups influence our relationship with the group and our preference for information about the ingroup. It was expected and found that, when people are assigned to non-preferred groups, they perceive the group as different to the self, experience negative emotions about the assignment and in turn disidentify with the group. On the other hand, when people are assigned to preferred groups, they perceive the group as similar to the self, experience positive emotions about the assignment and in turn identify with the group. Finally, disidentification increases a preference for negative information about the ingroup.

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