Regulation of Toxicants in the Australian Environment

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme E. Batley
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Robust Methods ◽  
Ecological Health ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Environmental Guidelines ◽  
Chemical Behaviour ◽  
Single Number

The chemical behaviour of toxicants in the environment is a critical control on their impacts on human and ecological health. The current status of regulations for air, soils, groundwater, surface waters, and sediments in Australia are discussed, with particular focus on metals. It is now recognized that speciation and bioavailability are important in assessing potential effects, yet only now are environmental guidelines addressing these. Recent chemical and ecotoxicological studies of metal bioavailability in waters and sediments investigate robust methods for speciation measurement and report improved models to describe metal uptake and predict toxicity. The way forward with respect to toxicant regulation is a departure from single-number guidelines, to site-specific risk-based assessments, such as those adopted in the new ANZECC/ARMCANZ water quality guidelines.

Using sediment cores to establish targets for the remediation of aquatic environments

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 628-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Lintern ◽  
Marion Anderson ◽  
Paul Leahy ◽  
Ana Deletic ◽  
David McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
European Settlement ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Water And Sediment Quality

When assigning site-specific restoration targets for deteriorating aquatic systems, it is necessary to have an understanding of the undisturbed or background state of the system. However, the site-specific characteristics of aquatic systems prior to disturbance are mostly unknown, due to the lack of historical water and sediment quality data. This study aims to introduce a method for filling this gap in our understanding, using dated sediment cores from the beds of aquatic environments. We used Bolin Billabong, a floodplain lake of the Yarra River (South-East Australia), as a case study to demonstrate the application of this method. We identified the concentrations of aluminium, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, nickel, tin and zinc at 8 cm intervals through the sediment core. This showed that aluminium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, nickel, tin and zinc concentrations in Bolin Billabong sediments significantly increased after European settlement in the river catchment in the mid-19th century. The differences between current Australian sediment quality guidelines trigger values and the background metal concentrations in Bolin Billabong sediments underscore the value of using locally relevant background toxicant concentrations when setting water and sediment quality targets.

The development of South African water quality guidelines for the natural aquatic environment

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 293-299
Author(s):  
H. M. MacKay ◽  
D. J. Roux ◽  
P. J. Ashton ◽  
H. R. van Vliet ◽  
S. Jooste
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
South African ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Water Quality Guidelines ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
South African Water

This paper describes the progress made by the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry in the development of documented water quality guidelines for aquatic ecosystems in South Africa, which will be able to take into account local and site-specific conditions. Proposed guidelines for toxic substances, nutrients and physico-chemical variables are described.

scholarly journals Limited biogeochemical modification of surface waters by kelp forest canopies: Influence of kelp metabolism and site‐specific hydrodynamics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah B. Traiger ◽  
Brian Cohn ◽  
Demetra Panos ◽  
Margaret Daly ◽  
Heidi K. Hirsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Kelp Forest ◽  
Forest Canopies ◽  
Site Specific

Designing Site-Specific Water Quality Objectives and Monitoring

1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 510-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Valiela ◽  
P. H. Whitfield
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Allocation Process ◽  
Water Quality Objectives

Abstract The development of site-specific water quality guidelines and objectives requires considering seasonal variability, biologically critical periods, interactions with other variables, and effects of cumulative exposure and lags in functional responses. Designing an effective and efficient monitoring program to determine compliance with site-specific objectives involves allocating the sampling effort according to these factors. We outline a hierarchical approach to determining this allocation process.

scholarly journals Current Status: Site-Specific Antibody Drug Conjugates

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (S1) ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Schumacher ◽  
Christian P. R. Hackenberger ◽  
Heinrich Leonhardt ◽  
Jonas Helma
Keyword(s):  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Antibody Drug Conjugates ◽  
Drug Conjugates ◽  
Antibody Drug

scholarly journals Current status and future directions of precision aerial application for site-specific crop management in the USA

2010 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yubin Lan ◽  
Steven J. Thomson ◽  
Yanbo Huang ◽  
W. Clint Hoffmann ◽  
Huihui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Crop Management ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Aerial Application ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
The Usa

Assessment of calcium status in Maine forests: review and future projection

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 1109-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
T G Huntington
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Acidic Deposition ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Mineral Weathering ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Ca Depletion

Forest harvesting and acidic deposition can cause substantial decreases in the calcium (Ca) inventory of forest soils if such losses are not replenished through mineral weathering, atmospheric deposition, or fertilization. The net balance between losses and gains defines the forest Ca status. Site-specific studies have measured Ca pools and fluxes in Maine forests, but no synthesis has been published. In this paper, I review the literature on forest Ca and assess the current status and potential future trends. Forest soils in Maine are currently at lesser risk of Ca depletion compared with many forest soils in the central and southeastern United States, because levels of acidic deposition and rates of Ca accumulation in trees are lower in Maine. The rate of Ca accumulation in trees is reduced in Maine as a result of lower growth rates and a higher proportion of conifer trees that require less Ca than hardwoods. However, field-scale biogeochemical studies in Maine and New Hampshire, and regional estimates of harvest removals and soil inventories coupled with low weathering estimates, indicate that Ca depletion is a realistic concern in Maine. The synthesis of site-specific and regional data for Maine in conjunction with the depletion measured directly in surrounding areas indicates that the Ca status of many forest soils in Maine is likely declining. Ca status could decrease further in the future if forest growth rates increase in response to climate trends and recovery from insect-induced mortality and excessive harvesting in recent years. Proposed climate change induced reductions in spruce and fir and increases in hardwoods would also increase the risk of Ca depletion.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document