Variation in Flowering Parameters Within and Among Five Species of Australian Alpine Ranunculus

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
CC Pickering
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Phenology ◽  
Alpine Region ◽  
Flowering Pattern ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variation ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
A Value ◽  
Perennial Herbs ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Perfect Synchrony

The flowering phenology of the perennial herbs Ranunculus muelleri, R. dissectifolius, R. granticola, R. millanii and R. niphophilus were characterised at two sites over two flowering seasons in the Kosciusko alpine region of Australia. The date a plant started flowering (mean values for species ranged from 8 November to 14 December), the duration of flowering (mean values for species ranged from 14.3 days to 35.1 days), asynchrony of flower production (mean values ranged from 1.38 to 10.4 days), asynchrony of first day of flowering (mean values ranged from 4.61 to 8.13), intraspecific synchrony (mean values ranged from 0.53 to 0.73, where a value of 1 equals perfect synchrony), and number of flowers (mean values ranged from 1.9 to 10.7) all differed between sites and flowering seasons within species, and among the five species. Thus, while temporal and spatial variation in flowering parameters within species occurred, it did not mask variation among species, with each of the five species of Ranunculus having a distinct flowering pattern.

Temporal and Spatial Variation of Vegetation Coverage in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolis Circle with MODIS Vegetation Indices Data Product

2012 ◽  
Vol 500 ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
Ya Qing Li ◽  
Xiao Juan Li ◽  
Jian Lian ◽  
Rong Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variation ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Modis Ndvi ◽  
Data Product ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

This paper describes the temporal and spatial variation of vegetation coverage in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolis circle using 1km MODIS vegetation indices data product (MOD13A3), and the main satellite data used in this study were MODIS NDVI and EVI data, city borderline data and DEM. After processing data with ENVI software, the time-series maps of the NDVI and EVI were drawn by ArcMap software, and the curve charts were formed by Excel. By using the temperature, rainfall data and vegetation distribution data, the spatial and temporal variation of the VI was analyzed. The results shows that the MODIS VIs varies with season, and the curves of their monthly mean values are downwards opening quadratic parabolas, with the maximum appeared in June and July. The spatial distribution of MODIS vegetation indices is positively correlated with vegetation coverage, and appeared regional characteristics. The vegetation coverage of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolis circle has obviously increased during the past years, due to the ecological project operated in the research region.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic paleoecology: macroecology within an evolutionary framework

Paleobiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-177
Author(s):  
James C. Lamsdell ◽  
Curtis R. Congreve
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Phylogenetic Signal ◽  
Evolutionary Rates ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variation ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

The burgeoning field of phylogenetic paleoecology (Lamsdell et al. 2017) represents a synthesis of the related but differently focused fields of macroecology (Brown 1995) and macroevolution (Stanley 1975). Through a combination of the data and methods of both disciplines, phylogenetic paleoecology leverages phylogenetic theory and quantitative paleoecology to explain the temporal and spatial variation in species diversity, distribution, and disparity. Phylogenetic paleoecology is ideally situated to elucidate many fundamental issues in evolutionary biology, including the generation of new phenotypes and occupation of previously unexploited environments; the nature of relationships among character change, ecology, and evolutionary rates; determinants of the geographic distribution of species and clades; and the underlying phylogenetic signal of ecological selectivity in extinctions and radiations. This is because phylogenetic paleoecology explicitly recognizes and incorporates the quasi-independent nature of evolutionary and ecological data as expressed in the dual biological hierarchies (Eldredge and Salthe 1984; Congreve et al. 2018; Fig. 1), incorporating both as covarying factors rather than focusing on one and treating the other as error within the dataset.

scholarly journals Analysis of Ozone Pollution Characteristics and Influencing Factors in Northeast Economic Cooperation Region, China

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 843
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Tian ◽  
Chunsheng Fang ◽  
Jiaxin Qiu ◽  
Ju Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Ozone Pollution ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variation ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Pm2.5 And Pm10 ◽  
Peak Pattern ◽  
Pm2.5 Concentration

The increase in tropospheric ozone (O3) concentration has become one of the factors restricting urban development. This paper selected the important economic cooperation areas in Northeast China as the research object and collected the hourly monitoring data of pollutants and meteorological data in 11 cities from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2019. The temporal and spatial variation trend of O3 concentration and the effects of meteorological factors and other pollutants, including CO (carbon monoxide), SO2 (sulfur dioxide), NO2 (nitrogen dioxide), and PM2.5 and PM10 (PM particles with aerodynamic diameters less than 2.5 μm and 10 μm) on ozone concentration were analyzed. At the same time, the variation period of O3 concentration was further analyzed by Morlet wavelet analysis. The results showed that the O3 pollution in the study area had a significant spatial correlation. The spatial distribution showed that the O3 concentration was relatively high in the south and low in the northeast. Seasonally, the O3 concentration was the highest in spring, followed by summer, and the lowest in winter. The diurnal variation of O3 concentration presented a “single peak” pattern. O3 concentration had a significant positive correlation with temperature, sunshine duration, and wind speed and a significant anticorrelation with CO, NO2, SO2, and PM2.5 concentration. Under the time scale of a = 9, 23, O3 had significant periodic fluctuation, which was similar to those of wind speed and temperature.

scholarly journals Temporal and spatial variation of Myriapoda (Diplopoda and Chilopoda) assemblages in a Neotropical floodplain

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorhaine Santos-Silva ◽  
Tamaris Gimenez Pinheiro ◽  
Amazonas Chagas-Jr ◽  
Marinêz Isaac Marques ◽  
Leandro Dênis Battirola
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
High Water ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variation ◽  
Ecosystem Integrity ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Hydrological Cycles

Abstract: Myriapods constitute important edaphic macrofauna taxa which dwell in different trophic levels and influence the dynamics of these environments. This study evaluated the variation in composition, richness and abundance of edaphic myriapod assemblages as a function of the distribution and structure of flooded and non-flooded habitats (spatial variation) and hydrological seasonality (temporal variation) in a floodplain of the northern Pantanal region of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Sampling was carried out in three areas of the Poconé Pantanal, along an altitudinal and inundation gradient consisting of inundated and non-inundated habitats and different vegetation formations. Three quadrats (10 x 10 m) were delimited within each habitat type, where sampling was performed using pitfall traps and mini-Winkler extractors during the dry, rising water, high water and receding water periods of two hydrological cycles within the Pantanal (2010/2011 and 2011/2012). A total of 549 millipedes were collected, consisting of 407 Diplopoda and 142 Chilopoda distributed in six orders, 12 families and 20 species. The assemblages composition varied throughout the seasonal periods, indicating that the rising water and dry periods differed from the high water and receding water periods. In addition to the variation between seasonal periods, myriapod richness and abundance also varied in relation to areas consisting of different vegetation formations. Thus, it can be concluded that the hydrological seasonality associated with the inundation gradient and different vegetation types were determinant in the heterogeneous spatial and temporal distribution of myriapod assemblages, validating that the conservation of these invertebrates in the Pantanal is directly linked to the preservation of vegetation, and consequently, ecosystem integrity.

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