In vitro Propagation of Araucaria cunninghamii and Other Species of the Araucariaceae Via Axillary Meristems

1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 665 ◽  
Author(s):  
GE Burrows ◽  
DD Doley ◽  
RJ Haines ◽  
DG Nikles
Keyword(s):  
Basal Medium ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Total Inhibition ◽  
Hoop Pine ◽  
Axillary Meristems ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Araucaria Cunninghamii ◽  
Stem Segments

Stem segments with 3-5 leaf axils, excised from the upper portion of the mainstem of 2-year-old hoop pine (Araucaria cunninghamii Aiton ex D. Don) seedlings, produced orthotropic buds from the concealed axillary meristems when cultured on a basal medium (BM) of half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) inorganic salts, the medium level of growth factors and amino acids of de Fossard, 20 g L sucrose and 6.5 g/L agar. This procedure was also successful with A. balansae, A. bidwillii, A. colurnnaris, A. hunsteinri, A. luxurians, A. montana, A. rulei, A. scopulorum and Agathis robusta and with stem segments from orthotropic coppice shoots of juvenile morphology collected from the stumps of 20-year old hoop pines felled near ground level. The hoop pine explants were highly sensitive to cytokinin; 1 μM and 10 μM 6-benzylaminopurine caused the formation of distorted buds and total inhibition of bud development respectively. Lofier concentrations (0.001-0.1 μM ) did not noticeably influence bud formation or development. A low rate of multiplication was induced by reculturing the stem segments after the excision of the initial shoots. New buds developed in the leaf axils of that part of the initial shoot which remained attached to the primary stem explant. Shoots derived from seedling and coppice cultures of hoop pine and seedling cultures of Agathis robusta rooted in vitro on BM + 0.1-10.0 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), but with only 5-20% success. Up to 80% rooting was obtained if both hoop pine shoot types (i. e. from seedling and coppice cultures) were cultured on modified BM (quarter strength MS salts, 10 μM IBA plus no agar) for 2 weeks, before being transferred to a mixture of non-sterile peat and perlite or vermiculite and perlite, maintained under a high humidity (90-95%). Plantlets were subsequently transferred to normal glasshouse conditions and then to the field with less than 5% mortality. Thus hoop pine can be added to the relatively small number of conifers for which the capacity to micropropagate juvenile and mature plants and successfully establish their clones in the field has been demonstrated.

scholarly journals In vitro Plant Regeneration from Callus of Citrus x monstruosa (Pompia), an Endemic Citrus of Sardinia

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Fraternale ◽  
Laura Giamperi ◽  
Anahi Bucchini ◽  
Pierpaolo Cara ◽  
Donata Ricci
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
In Vitro Plant Regeneration ◽  
Response Frequency ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Cut Surface ◽  
Stem Segments

A regeneration protocol was developed from callus obtained from various explants taken from in vitro cultured seedlings (root, leaf and stem internodes) of Citrus x monstruosa. The best treatment in terms of response frequency and mean number of shoots for explants was 35.0 μM BA with 5.5 uM NAA. The best shoot regeneration was obtained with internodal stem segments cut longitudinally with the cut surface in contact with the culture medium and pre-treatment of 21 days of these explants in darkness. The best rooting of explants was obtained on half-strength MS basal medium supplemented with either NAA or IBA at 5.4 μM and 2.5 μM, respectively. Hardening of Citrus x monstruosa was accomplished in 40 days, with 95% survival rate.

scholarly journals Aspectos anatômicos da cultura in vitro da Araucaria angustifolia. I. Organização

1992 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecília Iritani ◽  
Flávio Zanette ◽  
Jovita Cinslinki
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Axillary Meristems ◽  
Régulateurs De Croissance ◽  
Stem Segments

Foram feitos estudos anatômicos sobre a organização e desenvolvimento dos meristemas axilares ortotrópicos de segmentos caulinares de Araucaria angustifolia cultivados in vitro, em meio básico de Murashigue & Skoog , sem reguladores de crescimento. Os resultados mostraram que estes meristemas formam àpices caulinares normais, razão porque pode-se esperar que plantas normais venham a ser obtidas a partir dos mesmos. Abstract Anatomy and aspects of the orthotropic axillary meristems organization and development of Araucaria angustifolia seedlings stem segments cultivated in Murashigue & Skoog’s basal medium without growth regulators were earried out. Provided that results showed normal shoots with normal apical meristem were developed from axillaxy bud rneristems, normal plantets and plants can be expected from in vitro stem segments cultivated on the cited conditions. Résumé Ètudes anatomiques sur l’organization et developement des méristémes axillaires des microboutures de jeunes plantes d'Araucaria angustifolia cultivées in vitro sur le milieu de culture de Murashigue & Skoog sans régulateurs de croissance. on áté realiseés. Les résultats montrent que cés mèristèmes forment bourgeans ou apex caulinaire normaux, raison por laquelle ont peut espérer plantets normaux dans les conditions citées.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of Three Moroccan Prickly Pear Cactus Opuntia and Plant Establishment in Soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aissam EL FINTI ◽  
Rachida EL BOULLANI ◽  
Naima AIT AABD ◽  
Fouad MSANDA ◽  
Mohammed A. SERGHINI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Medium ◽  
Prickly Pear ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
In Vitro Micropropagation ◽  
Prickly Pear Cactus ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Micropropagated Plants ◽  
Large Production ◽  
Pear Cactus

Opuntia is one of the most widespread cacti, primarily due to their edible fruit and vegetable mass used as feed. The high demand for young plants of Opuntia made it necessary to find a rapid method of multiplication of the cactus, the safest method consisting in vitro micropropagation of species belonging to this genus. With aim of large production of plant material, a propagation system of three important prickly pear cactus cultivar (Opuntia ficus-indica) in Morocco was developed. Segments of healthy young cladode (containing one areole) were cultivated in Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) containing adenine sulfate (40 mg/1), monosodium phosphate (50 mg/l), sucrose (50 g/l), phytagel (0.3%) and benzyladenine (BA) at 22.2 μM, to start the process of micropropagation. In vitro-developed shoots from areoles were used as secondary explants to induce shoot development in the MS medium with 5 mg/l of BA. All of the three studied cultivars showed an important multiplication rate in this medium. ‘Sidi Ifni M’ (‘Moussa’) cultivar shows the greatest number of shoots followed by ‘Sidi Ifni A’ (‘Aissa’) and ‘Delahia’ 17.26, 14.12 and 12.13 respectively. Rooting of in vitro-generated shoots was achieved most efficiently on half-strength MS basal medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or IAA. Rooting frequencies were in the range from 95 to 100% and the highest mean number of root (19.1) was obtained with IBA for ‘Delahia’ cultivar. All micropropagated plants were transferred to greenhouse and all of them survived acclimatization process and showed good overall growth.

A Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscope Study of Leaf Axil Structure in Araucaria cunninghamii

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
GE Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Leaf Axil ◽  
Thin Walls ◽  
Hoop Pine ◽  
Axillary Meristems ◽  
Full Complement ◽  
Plasmodesmatal Frequency ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Storage Products ◽  
Araucaria Cunninghamii

The cells of active plant meristems are characterised by their small size, thin walls and a full complement of organelles, most noticeably a large nucleus surrounded by densely staining, little-vacuolated cytoplasm. The axillary meristems of Araucaria cunninghamii Aiton ex D. Don (hoop pine) possess a similar ultrastructure, even though they quickly assume a near complete, potentially permanent quiescence following their detachment from the flanks of the actively dividing apical meristem. However, they differ from metabolically active cells in that those organelles and structures associated with cytokinesis and cell wall formation are either absent (microtubules) or infrequent and in an apparently inactive state (smooth endoplasmic reticulum, non-vesiculating dictyosomes, nuclei with a low heterochromatin to euchromatin ratio). In addition, storage products (starch, lipid globules), usually not present in metabolically active cells, are well developed. In addition to not developing a bud-like organisation, the meristems are also unlike typical axillary buds in that they have no vascular or provascular connections with the axial vascular tissues and are bounded adaxially by a group of thick-walled cells. While these cells constitute a physical barrier around the axillary meristems, they are nucleated and possess numerous simple pits that have a high plasmodesmatal frequency. Thus it appears that the meristems are not physiologically isolated, but are in cytoplasmic continuity with the remainder of the plant.

scholarly journals In vitro organogenesis in Albizia guachapele, Cedrella odorata and Swietenia macrophylla (Fabaceae, Meliaceae)

2015 ◽  
pp. 225-228
Author(s):  
Lisette Valverde Cerdas ◽  
Magali Dufour ◽  
Víctor Villalobos
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Adventitious Buds ◽  
Swietenia Macrophylla ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Aseptic Conditions ◽  
Spanish Cedar

Regeneration of adventitious buds was achieved from hypocotyl explanls of Albizia guachapele (Guayaquil) and Cedrella odorata (Spanish cedar), and from epicotyl explants from Swietenia macrophylla (Honduran Mahogany). Seeds were obtained from CATIE's Latin American Fores! Seed Bank and genninated under aseptic conditions .. Four explants were cultured in each Petri dish on half strength modified Murashige and Skoog basal medium, and five concentrations of BA (benzyladenine) were studied; A. guachapele and S. macrophylla responded positively lo the presence of BA in the culture medium. Otherwise, Cedrella odorata requíred media supplemented with citokinin and auxin combinations lo induce adventitious buds.

scholarly journals In Vitro Long-Term Cultures of Papaya (Carica Papaya L.).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Javier Regalado González ◽  
Manuel López Granero ◽  
Carlos Lopez Encina
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Average Multiplication ◽  
Half Strength

Abstract We present the data on proliferation corresponding to 10 years of continuous incubation in vitro of papaya shoots, and propose a reliable method for long-term micropropagation for papaya, using two types of explants: Microshoots from somatic embryos, and from axillary buds of papaya. Three different media were assayed. The proliferation medium (PPRM) allowed to maintain papaya shoots under continuous proliferation during 20 years, maintaining a consistent behaviour. Most of the shoots developed in PPRM rooted during the incubation, and after acclimated easily, maintaining the morphological characteristics of the parental plants, flowering and setting fruits normally. The PPRM medium consist in MS medium supplemented with NAA (0.1 mg l-1), BA (0.5 mg l-1), GA3 (0.5 mg l-1) and Adenine sulphate (40 mg l-1). The average multiplication rate was higher than 20 shoots per explant along the long-term assay. The elongation medium (PELM), was designed to recover shoots with a poor growth, and allowed the development of high quality shoots ready for rooting, and consist in a MS basal medium supplemented with NAA (0.1 mg l-1), Kin (0.5 mg l-1) and GA3 (1 mg l-1). The rooting medium (PROM) was designed to induce high quality roots from non-rooted shoots and consist in a half strength MS medium plus IBA (1mg l-1). On PROM, agar can be exchanged for expanded vermiculite. Acclimation took place inside an acclimatization tunnel under progressive hydric stress. After 4 weeks, the plant recovery rate was 90% for plants maintained under continuous proliferation during ten years.

scholarly journals Dual Phase Regeneration System for Mass Propagation of Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw.: A High Value Medicinal Orchid

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-266
Author(s):  
Mohammad Musharof Hossain ◽  
Madhu Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Root Systems ◽  
Dual Phase ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Prolonged Culture ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Cymbidium Aloifolium ◽  
Medicinal Orchid ◽  
Stem Segments

Efficient micropropagation protocol was established in Cymbidium aloifolium through induction of secondary (2°) protocorms from primary (1°) protocorms, shoot buds (SBs) and protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) from pseudo-stem segments of in vitro raised seedlings. Neo-formation of 2° protocorms from 1° protocorms was obtained in liquid and agar-solidified Phytamax (PM) medium with NAA, 2,4-D, BAP and Kn at different concentrations and combinations. The highest number of 2° protocorms was induced in liquid PM medium (9.76 ± 0.88/1° protocorm) amended with 2.0 mg/l BAP + 1.0 mg/l 2,4- D. Although protocorms proliferated profusely in liquid medium, hyperhydricity was observed after prolonged culture. Both SBs and PLBs were induced from pseudo-stem segments on agar gelled PM medium and the mode of differentiation was dependent upon specific PGRs concentrations. The maximum number of SBs (5.80 ± 2.59/explant) was recorded in BAP and NAA at 1.0 mg/l each, while the maximum number of PLBs (7.20 ± 3.22/explant) were induced in 2.0 mg/l BAP and NAA each. Well developed root systems were induced SBs and PLBs on transferring to half-strength PM medium fortified with 0.5 mg/l IAA. The rooted plantlets were transferred to the greenhouse with 95% survival.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Eclipta alba (Linn.) Hassk- a Valuable Medicinal Herb

1970 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKM Sayeed Hassan ◽  
Farhana Afroz ◽  
Laila Shamroze Bari ◽  
John Liton Munshi ◽  
Miskat Ara Akhter Jahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Medicinal Herb ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
Eclipta Alba ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets

A protocol was established for mass propagation of a valuable medicinal herb, Eclipta alba (Linn.) Hassk (Asteraceae) through in vitro culture. Apical and axillary buds of young sprouts from selected plants were used as explants. Best shoot induction was observed on MS basal medium supplemented with 0.5 mgl-1 BAP + 0.1 mgl-1 NAA, in which 94% of the explants produced 18 shoots per culture. Repeated subcultures in the same medium, resulted rapid shoot multiplication with 26 shoots per culture. In vitro raised shoots rooted on half strength MS medium with 1.0 mgl-1 IBA +1.0 mgl-1 NAA. For acclimatization and transplantation, the plantlets in the rooting culture tubes were kept in normal room temperature for 7 days before transplanting in pots where plantlets were reared for three weeks. The survival rate of regenerated plantlets was 80%. Key words: Eclipta alba, Medicinal plant, Shoot proliferation, Micropropagation, Acclimatization   DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v43i2.965 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(2), 215-222, 2008 

scholarly journals In vitro Regeneration of Grass Pea (Lathyrus sativus L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Saha ◽  
M Afrin ◽  
AKM Mohiuddin ◽  
AM Shohael
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Lathyrus Sativus ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Grass Pea ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Lathyrus Sativus L

In vitro regeneration protocol for grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) was optimized using different concentrations and combinations of growth regulators. Direct shoot regeneration obtained through shoot organogenesis from different explants of grass pea cultured on MS medium supplemented with Gamborg B5 vitamin containing 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), Thidiazuron (TDZ) and ?-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Highest percentage of shoots were obtained at 4.0 mg/l of BAP on nodal explants. Stunted multiple shoots were developed from nodal explants while 1.5 mg/l TDZ was used. About 56% of direct shoots were also obtained, while the combination of BAP (4.0 mg/l) and NAA (0.5 mg/l) were used. Regenerated plantlets were rooted most effectively (40%) in rooting medium containing half strength of MS basal medium containing 1.0 mg/l NAA. Well rooted plantlets were further successfully acclimatized to ambient humidity level and grown in controlled environment until hardening.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 4(2): 1-8, 2015 (December)

scholarly journals In vitro Regeneration through Apical and Axillary Shoot Proliferation of Ficus religiosa L. - A Multi-purpose Woody Medicinal Plant

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K.M. Sayeed Hassan ◽  
Farhana Afroz ◽  
Miskat Ara Akhter Jahan ◽  
Rahima Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Axillary Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Ficus Religiosa ◽  
Half Strength

A protocol was established for mass propagation of the valuable medicinal plant Ficus religiosa L. (Moraceae) through in vitro culture using apical and axillary buds of young sprouts from selected plants. Best shoot induction was observed on MS basal medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BAP + 0.1 mg/l IAA, in which 78 per cent of the explants produced 16 shoots per culture. Repeated subcultures in the same medium, resulted rapid shoot multiplication with 24 shoots per culture. In vitro raised shoots rooted on half strength MS supplemented with 2.0 mg/l IBA + 0.1 mg/l NAA. For acclimatization and transplantation, the plantlets in the rooting culture tubes were kept in normal room temperature for seven days before transplanting in pots where plantlets were reared for three weeks. The survival rate of regenerated plantlets was 85 per cent.  Key words: Ficus religiosa, Medicinal plant, Shoot proliferation, Regeneration,                   Acclimatization D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.4987 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 71-78, 2009 (June)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document