Pollination and Seed Set of Banksia spinulosa: Evidence for Autogamy

1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 633 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Vaughton
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Breeding System ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
National Park ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Pollen Vectors ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The breeding system of Banksia spinulosa var. neoanglica in the New England National Park was examined by excluding pollen vectors and hand pollinating inflorescences. Fruit set of xenogamous and open inflorescences was greater than geitonogamous and autogamous treatments, although not all differences were significant. No differences were found in the number of seeds per follicle or seed weight between treatments. A reduced number of follicles and smaller seeds occurred in the apical third of inflorescences in all treatments. This report of autogamous seed set contrasts with previous findings for this species and indicates intra-specific variation in the breeding system.

Pollination ecology of Caryocar brasiliense (Caryocaraceae) in Central Brazil cerrado vegetation

1993 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério Gribel ◽  
John D. Hay
Keyword(s):  
Breeding System ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
Cerrado Vegetation ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Glossophaga Soricina ◽  
Caryocar Brasiliense ◽  
Anoura Geoffroyi ◽  
Phyllostomus Discolor

ABSTRACTThe floral biology, breeding system and pollination of Caryocar brasiliense were studied in the cerrado vegetation of Central Brazil. The large, yellowish-cream, brush-like flowers are pollinated mainly by glossophagine bats (Glossophaga soricina and Anoura geoffroyi). Three non-glossophagine bats (Phyllostomus discolor, Vampyrops lineatus and Carollia perspicillata) and two short probosisced hawk moths (Erinyis ello and Pseudosphinx tetrio) may also act as occasional pollinators. Caryocar brasiliense is self-compatible although it sets significantly more fruits when crossed than when selfed. The natural fruit set (fruit/flower ratio) and seed set (seed/ovule ratio) are 3.1% and 1.0% respectively. Most of the fruits and seeds are formed through the action of the flower visitors, despite the fact that about 20% of the non-visited flowers receive self pollen on at least one stigma.

scholarly journals Influence of bee pollination on quality and quantity of onion (Allium cepa L.) seed

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-204
Author(s):  
Subhash B. Kandakoor ◽  
Jitendra Kumar S. Hilli
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Bee Pollination ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The activity of bees pollination in onion was observed throughout the day. Numerically maximum activity was observed during afternoon hours (12.00 to 2.00 PM) with 7.00 numbers in rock bee, 5.40 in Indian bees, 11.60 in little bees and 7.80 in case of dammer be, respectively. Among the four species of bees, little bees were more in entire day with highest of 111.60 bees/10 inflorescence/ minute followed by dammer bee with 9.40 bees/10 inflorescence/ minute, Among the bees major contributor was little bee, this may be due to more colonies of little bees in that area and destruction of rock bee colonies. Also, the bee acitivty was observed maximum number at 100 per cent flowering stage. The observations on number of seeds per umbel, 1000 seed weight and per cent germination under the laboratory conditions. The results clearly indicated that, maximum number of seeds per umbel was observed in open pollinated flowers with 339.30 ± 60.27 seeds per umber where all the four species of bees were made visits regularly followed by in case of pollination in mesh cloth cage with bees with 330.00±35.80 and very least number of seed set was observed in case of pollination in mesh cloth cage without bees with only 60.70 seeds/umbel. Similarly, 1000 seed weight also differed significantly in case of pollination with bees and without bees. In case of with bees it weighed around 3.37 g/1000 seeds followed by 3.10 g/1000 seeds in onion with bee cage and least in case of control with only 1.97 g/1000 seeds.

scholarly journals Evaluation Of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Genotypes For Seed Yield And Yield Contributing Characters

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-202
Author(s):  
M Moniruzzaman ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MM Hossain ◽  
AJM Sirajul Karim ◽  
QA Khaliq
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Rabi Season ◽  
Stem Gall ◽  
Number Of Seeds ◽  
Selection Of

Fourteen genotypes of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) from diversed sources were evaluated at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during the rabi season of 2007 to 2008 to select the promising genotype (s) for higher seed yield. The genotype CS005 took the minimum days for bolting (38.00), while CS003 took the maximum (60.00 days) which developed 50% most early flowers (134.3 days) and the tallest plant (116.10 cm). The maximum number of primary and secondary branches were obtained from CS004 (8.70/plant) and CS001 (15.41/plant), respectively. Umbels/plant ranged from 12.70 (CS010) to 33.37 (CS003), while umbellates/ umbel ranged from 4.75 (CS003) to 6.67 (CS010). The maximum number of seeds were obtained from CS011 (35.63/umbel and 684.3/plant) and the lowest per umbel from CS005 (15.00) and per plant from CS010 (163.3). The highest fruit set was obtained from CS011 (48.20%) followed by that of CS007 (46.30%). The genotype CS002 had the maximum 1000-seed weight (12.00 g) and CS004 the minimum (1.65 g). The genotypes CS011 and CS007 gave the highest seed yield per plant (5.79 and 5.57g) as well as per hectare (1.34 and 1.05 t). The highest germination of seed was recorded in CS003 (84.4%) and the lowest in CS004 (67.96%). The genotypes CS004, CS005, CS010, CS013, and CS014 were attacked with stem gall disease. It might be concluded from the study that the genotypes differed significantly in most of the parameters and offer a good scope of selection of better genotypes for desired traits. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(2): 189-202, June 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i2.15882

scholarly journals Seed Production and Seedling Establishment of Parah Trees in Khao Nan National Park, Thailand

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-223
Author(s):  
Anun CHAROENSUK ◽  
Mullica JAROENSUTASINEE ◽  
Krisanadej JAROENSUTASINEE
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Predation ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
National Park ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Main Road ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Parah (Elateriospermum tapos Blume) is a native species of southern Thailand, and is a dominant tree in Khao Nan National Park. There have been few studies of Parah seeds or of seedling establishment. Biotic and abiotic environmental factors interact with seeds and may affect the future of tree populations. This is the first study to determine the factors affecting seeds and seedlings of Parah trees in Khao Nan National Park, Thailand, during 2014 - 2016. We tested 3 factors: (1) parental tree diameter at breast height (DBH), (2) altitude, and (3) distance from the main road. We studied seeds collected from trees, seeds harvested by humans, seed predation, seeds left on the forest floor, and rotten seeds. We measured seed weight, seed size, seedling height, and seedling root collar diameter (RCD). Our results showed that the number of seeds and seedlings per tree, seed weight, seed size, seed harvesting, seed predation, seeds left on the forest floor, rotten seeds, and seedling height varied between the years of study. There was no difference in seeds harvested by humans from 2014 - 2016. The number of seeds per tree and seeds harvested by humans were positively associated with parental tree DBH in 2015 and 2016. The number of seeds left on the forest floor was positively associated with parental tree DBH, and distance from the main road, but was negatively associated with altitude, in 2015, and there was no association in 2016. The number of seeds predated by frugivores was positively associated with altitude in 2016. The number of seedlings per tree was positively associated with distance from the main road. Seedling height was positively associated with distance from the main road, and negatively associated with tree DBH in 2015 and altitude in both years. We found significant results which led to the conclusion that seed production and seeds harvested by humans were positively associated with parental tree size.

Reproductive biology and breeding system in Casuarina equisetifolia (Casuarinaceae) – implication for genetic improvement

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zhang ◽  
C.L. Zhong ◽  
Q. Han ◽  
Q.B. Jiang ◽  
Y. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Breeding System ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Pollen Limitation ◽  
Casuarina Equisetifolia ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Floral Longevity ◽  
Improvement Programs

Understanding the reproductive biology of plant species is essential for successful domestication and genetic improvement programs. Casuarina equisetifolia L. is an important plantation species in China and India but information on reproductive biology is limited. To address this issue, grafted ramets of C. equisetifolia were used to study floral biology, breeding system and progeny performance. The female floral longevity of C. equisetifolia reached 28.4 days under non-pollination conditions, which was significantly longer than that of supplementary pollination (5.5 days) and open pollination (12.2 days), implying successful pollination would accelerate senescence of female flowers. Higher fruit set (88.8%) and seed set (35.7%) under supplementary pollination were obtained, compared with 75.9% and 21.7%, respectively, under open pollination, although there were no fruit set and seed set under non-pollination conditions. Pollen limitation was evident based on pollen limitation index (0.39) in seedling plantations of C. equisetifolia. Selfed seedlings had low height and diameter growth in both nursery and field trials and markedly lower survival in field trial, indicating inbreeding depression. Microsatellite-based estimates of selfing rate of open pollinated, monoecious individuals was 42%, suggesting that monoecious C. equisetifolia individuals are self-compatible, and that the breeding system should be classified as facultative xenogamy.

The Breeding Systems of Three Cooccurring Legumes: Dillwynia hispida, Dillwynia uncinata and Pultenaea densifolia (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae)

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
CL Gross
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Breeding Systems ◽  
High Pollen ◽  
Pollen Vectors ◽  
Esterase Production ◽  
Scanning Electron

The breeding systems of Dillwynia hispida Lindley, D. uncinata (Turcz.) J. Black and Pultenaea densifolia F. Muell. were determined using glasshouse trials and field experiments. Each species is self-incompatible and thus relies on pollen vectors to effect seed-set. Calculations of pollen-ovule ratios are compatible with this conclusion. Increase in the age of pollen led to a decline in fruit-set, which was more pronounced in Dillwynia uncinata than D. hispida or P. densifolia. In this study, Pultenaea densifolia pollen was never more than 60% viable which may explain the extremely high pollen-ovule ratio of this species. In all three species, esterase production on stigmas implied that they were fully receptive by day 3 of flowering. Stigma morphologies were assessed by scanning electron microscopy and the results used to discuss their incompatibility mechanisms.

STUDY OF EFFECT OF EMS, MMS AND GR ON YIELD CONTRIBUTING TRAITS IN URDBEAN, VIGNA MUNGO

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. SAGADE
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Methane Sulphonate ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The study of the effect of three well known mutagens, ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), methyl methane sulphonate (MMS) and gamma rays (GR) on the yield contributing traits of the urdbean variety TPU-4 were carried out in the M3 generation. Effect of selected mutagenic treatments/doses of EMS (0.02, 0.03 and 0.04 M), MMS (0.0025, 0.05 and 0.01 M) and (GR) (30, 40 and 50 KR) on different yield contributing traits like plant height, plant spread, number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant and 100 seed weight were analyzed in the M3 populations of the variety TPU-4. Seeds of M2 plants and control were harvested separately and sown to raise M3 population.. Genetic variabilty in the mutagen administered M3 progeny of the urdbean variety TPU-4 was analyzed by employing statistical methods. Data on mean values and shift in the mean of seven quantitative traits was evaluated on individual plant basis. The experimental findings revealed that concentrations / dose of the all these mutagens showed inhibitory effect on plant height, number of pods per plant, pod length and number of seeds per pod. Lower concentrations of mutagens exerted a promotory effect on plant spread, 100 seed weight and seed yield per plant while higher concentrations of these mutagens inhibited them to different extent.

VARIATION AMONG BRITISH COLUMBIA AND NORTHERN ALBERTA POPULATIONS OF RASPBERRIES, RUBUS IDAEUS SUBSPP. STRIGOSUS MICHX.

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1067-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. J. VAN ADRICHEM
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Specific Character ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
Northern Alberta ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Several population samples of Rubus idaeus subspp. strigosus Michx. (raspberries) were collected in British Columbia and northern Alberta and a number of characters were studied and compared with the cultivar Trent. Significant differences between populations were found for cane length, number of buds per cane, percentage of buds growing, number of inflorescences and flowers per bud, fruit and seed weight. There was a positive correlation between the total seed weight and the number of seeds, and between the total seed and fruit weight. No distinct types could be established based on location or elevation. None of the populations showed significantly better winter hardiness than the cultivar Trent, and although some had a specific character that was superior, none was found to have overall superiority.

scholarly journals Phloem-Feeding Herbivores Affect Floral Development and Reproduction in the Etruscan Honeysuckle (Lonicera etrusca Santi)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 815
Author(s):  
Sandra V. Rojas-Nossa ◽  
José María Sánchez ◽  
Luis Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Complex Landscape ◽  
Fruit And Seed Set ◽  
Phloem Feeding ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Floral development depends on multifactor processes related to genetic, physiological, and ecological pathways. Plants respond to herbivores by activating mechanisms aimed at tolerating, compensating, or avoiding loss of biomass and nutrients, and thereby survive in a complex landscape of interactions. Thus, plants need to overcome trade-offs between development, growth, and reproduction vs. the initiation of anti-herbivore defences. This study aims to assess the frequency of phloem-feeding herbivores in wild populations of the Etruscan honeysuckle (Lonicera etrusca Santi) and study their effects on floral development and reproduction. The incidence of herbivory by the honeysuckle aphid (Hyadaphis passerinii del Guercio) was assessed in three wild populations of the Iberian Peninsula. The effect of herbivory on floral morphology, micromorphology of stigmas and pollen, floral rewards, pollination, and fruit and seed set were studied. The herbivory by aphids reduces the size of flowers and pollen. Additionally, it stops nectar synthesis and causes malformation in pollen and microstructures of stigmas, affecting pollination. As a consequence, fruit set and seed weight are reduced. This work provides evidence of the changes induced by phloem-feeding herbivores in floral development and functioning that affect the ecological processes necessary to maintain the reproductive success of plants.

Morphological and physiological traits associated with seed yield in different chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes under irrigated andwater‐deficit environments

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 260-267
Author(s):  
Reza Talebi ◽  
Ezzat Karami
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Chickpea Cultivar ◽  
High Level ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The morpho â€physiological traits associated with seed yield in chickpea (Cicerarietinum L.) were evaluated on thirty five chickpea genotypes under twodifferent water regimes. In optimum condition, the highest correlation wasbelonged to number of seeds/plant and number of pods/plant (0.944**) andin water deficit condition, the strongest correlation of seed yield was observedwith number of seeds/plant (0.875**), number of pods/plant(0.789**) and 100  â€seed weight (0.438**). Physiological traits (RWC, Chlorophylland Carotenoid) indicated low and positive correlation with yield, buthigh positive correlation with other seeds yields related traits in optimumcondition while, under water deficit condition, chlorophyll content and RWChad low and non â€significant negative correlation with seeds yield. Carotenoid,number of seeds/plant and 100 â€seed weight showed more direct positiveeffect on yield in optimum environment and in stress condition, numberof seeds/ plant and 100 â€seed weight showed highest direct effect on seedyield. Results of factor analysis showed that four factors explained 88.54%and 34.5% of the total variance caused in the characters in optimum andwater deficit environment, respectively. In general, the results suggestedthat a chickpea cultivar, for increased yield under non â€stress conditions,should have maximum number of seeds and pods per plant and under stressconditions should have maximum number of seeds and pods per plant andalso keep the high level of RWC and chlorophyll content in their leaves. Thus,identifying these traits as selection criteria in chickpea breeding programmay be useful for breeders to introduce suitable drought resistant chickpeacultivars for arid regions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document