Taxonomic Account of Datura L. (Solanaceae) in Australia With a Note on Brugmansia Pers

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 415 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Haegi
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Current Usage ◽  
Identification Of Species

A taxonomic account of the genus Datura in Australia is presented. Wild populations of D. stramonium, D. ferox, D, leichhardtii, D, inoxia and D. wrightii occur and D. metel is cultivated and occasionally persistent. A comprehensive revision of the genus has not been attempted, but full descriptions based on a study of herbarium specimens, plants in the field and cultivated material are provided for each of the six species, of which five are naturalized aliens. D. leichhardtii has generally been considered an Australian endemic but the closely related species D. pruinosa (which may be conspecific) occurs in central America. This raises the biogeographical problems of trans-Pacific distribution. Although the application of names is in accordance with current usage, some nomenclatural problems are outlined. A key for the identification of species is presented. The genus Brugmansia, often treated as a section of Datura, is represented in Australia only by species in cultivation.

Reproductive isolation between two closely related species of the Queensland fruit fly Dracus tryoni (Frogg) and D. neohumeralis Hardy (Diptera : Tephritidae) I. Variation in humeral callus pattern and the occurrence of intermediate colour forms in the wild

1967 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 501 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Wolda
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Similar Variation ◽  
In The Wild

A number of samples from wild populations of the Queensland fruit fly, Dacus tryoni and D. neohumeralis, were studied. There is a considerable variation in the colour pattern on the humeral callus. This variation is continuous so that any criterion for distinguishing between "intermediates" and "good species" is purely arbitrary. It was found in areas where D. neohumeralis does not occur as well as in localities where it is very abundant. By whatever criterion one defines intermediates, there appears to be no relation between the frequency of such forms and the presence or absence of D. neohumeralis or with the relative proportions of the two species in the population. However, flies with only a very small yellow area on an otherwise brown humeral callus were found only in Cairns where D. neohumeralis is usually the most abundant species. A similar variation in humeral callus pattern was found in other related species, such as D. kraussi and D. halfordiae. It is concluded that the intermediate colour forms may not be hybrids between D. tryoni and D. neohumeralis but variants of D. tryoni and, possibly the darker forms from Cairns, of D. neohumeralis.

Phenological displacement is uncommon among sympatric angiosperms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel S. Park ◽  
Ian K. Breckheimer ◽  
Aaron M. Ellison ◽  
Goia M. Lyra ◽  
Charles C. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Character Displacement ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Reproductive Character Displacement ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Species Pairs

AbstractInteractions between species can influence access to resources and successful reproduction. One possible outcome of such interactions is reproductive character displacement. Here, the similarity of reproductive traits – such as flowering time – among close relatives growing in sympatry differ more so than when growing apart. However, evidence for the overall prevalence and direction of this phenomenon, or the stability of such differences under environmental change, remains untested across large taxonomic and spatial scales. We apply data from tens of thousands of herbarium specimens to examine character displacement in flowering time across 110 animal-pollinated angiosperm species in the eastern USA. We demonstrate that the degree and direction of phenological displacement among co-occurring closely related species pairs varies tremendously. Overall, flowering time displacement in sympatry is not common. However, displacement is generally greater among species pairs that flower close in time, regardless of direction. We additionally identify that future climate change may alter the nature of phenological displacement among many of these species pairs. On average, flowering times of closely related species were predicted to shift further apart by the mid-21st century, which may have significant future consequences for species interactions and gene flow.

Chaetogastra cogniauxiana (Melastomataceae), a new Brazilian species from the Chaetogastra gracilis complex

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 511 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
FABRÍCIO SCHMITZ MEYER ◽  
RENATO GOLDENBERG
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
New Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Great Species ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Great Species Richness

Eleven varieties of Tibouchina gracilis were indicated as synonyms of Chaetogastra gracilis in the most recent work on the taxonomy of the genus. However, field observations and a more detailed analysis of herbarium specimens, including the types, led us to the conclusion that two of these varieties represent a single new species. Chaetogastra cogniauxiana is endemic to Brazil, and differs from C. gracilis by the smaller size, 10–70 cm tall (versus 30–120 cm tall in C. gracilis), dendritic-setose to dendritic-strigose hypanthium and bracteoles (vs. dendritic-sericeous hypanthium and bracteoles), and smaller petals, 9.8–13.4 × 8.8–9.1 mm (vs. larger petals, 16.5–21.6 × 11.2–14.8 mm). In this article, we provide a complete description of C. cogniauxiana, and indicate the main morphological differences between C. cogniauxiana and the most closely related species. We also provide comments on taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of this species, photos, illustrations, and a distribution map. This work is part of a monograph of the genus Chaetogastra in Brazil, which showed a great species richness and also the necessity of several taxonomic adjustments.

scholarly journals A new Allium species from section Molium from Israel: A. akirense (Amaryllidaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 173 (2) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolai Friesen ◽  
Ori Fragman-Sapir
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Allium Species ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Phylogenetic Revision

As part of the phylogenetic revision of the Eurasian representatives of the subgenus Amerallium we have discovered a new Allium species (section Molium) in Israel, related to A. qasyunense. It is described here as Allium akirense, based on living plants and recent herbarium specimens. Independence of the new species is confirmed by morphological and ecological features, and also by molecular ones. To learn more about the phylogenetic relationships within a group of closely related species of section Molium, we used maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses of combined nuclear (ITS—internal transcribed and ETS—external transcribed spacers of rRNA genes) and chloroplast (rpl32–trnL intergenic spacer) dataset of 7 taxa. Discussion on geographic distribution, conservation status and habitat is provided, as well as an identification key including the closest related species.

New species of the damselfly genus Argia from Mexico, Central America and Ecuador with an emphasis on Costa Rica (Insecta: Odonata: Coenagrionidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4235 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROSSER W. GARRISON ◽  
NATALIA VON ELLENRIEDER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Central America ◽  
Related Species ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
M 10 ◽  
Pan American ◽  
Biological Reserve

Seven new species of Argia are described, five of which occur in Costa Rica: Argia calverti n. sp. (Holotype ♂, Costa Rica, Cartago Prov., Tapantí Reserve, 1,310 m, 6 vii 1963, F. G. Thompson leg., in FSCA); Argia carolus n. sp. (Holotype ♂, Costa Rica, San José Prov., El Rodeo Biological Reserve, 7 km W of Villa Colón, 9°54' N, 84°16' W, 561 m, 10–13 vii 1990, T. W. Donnelly leg., in FSCA); Argia elongata n. sp. (Holotype ♂, Costa Rica, Cartago Prov., Reventazón river, SE of Turrialba by highway 10, 9°52'56'' N, 83°38'49'' W, 561 m, 10 viii 1979, R. W. & J. A. Garrison leg., in CSCA); Argia haberi n. sp. (Holotype ♂, Costa Rica, San José Prov., Bosque del Tolomuco, km 118 on Pan American highway, in seeps and trickles through brushy pasture on forested hillside, 9°28'18'' N, 83°41'48'' W, 1,710 m, 27 iii 2006, F. Sibley leg., in FSCA); Argia schorri n. sp. (Holotype ♂, Costa Rica, Puntarenas Prov., 2.8 mi E of Golfito, 8°39' N, 83°7' W, 35 m, 4 vii 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr. & M. A. Ortiz B. leg., in USNM), and two which are so far only known from Mexico and Ecuador respectively: Argia rudolphi n. sp. (Holotype ♂, Mexico, Puebla State, Zihuateutla, Sierra de Huauchinango, La Unión, in drainage area, 20°14'25'' N, 97°53'38'' W, 596 m, 21 v 1987, R. Novelo & A. Gómez leg., in CSCA) and Argia schneideri n. sp. (Holotype ♂, Ecuador, Napo Prov., Las Palmas, on Anzu river in Napo river watershed, 11 xii 1936, W. Clark-MacIntyre leg., in UMMZ). All the new species, as well as closely related species needed for diagnosis including A. anceps Garrison, A. cupraurea Calvert, A. cuprea (Hagen), A. extranea (Hagen), A. fissa Selys, A. fulgida Navás, A. oenea Hagen in Selys, A. popoluca Calvert, A. rhoadsi Calvert, and A. westfalli Garrison, are illustrated and diagnosed from their congeners and their known distribution areas are mapped.  

scholarly journals An annotated key to the species of Gastridium (Poaceae) with distributional novelties to the Italian territory

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Scoppola
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Poaceae Family ◽  
Italian Territory

Gastridium is a Mediterranean-paleotropical genus of the Poaceae family, native to Italy. Species number and diversity were imperfectly known until recent taxonomic updates on morphological and molecular basis that enhanced our knowledge of this taxon. The present contribution provides a complete key of the genus, encompassing the four currently known closely related species, G. lainzii, G. phleoides, G. scabrum, and G. ventricosum. The essential features of panicle, spikelets, and florets are specified and briefly discussed. Revisions of ancient and recent herbarium specimens provided three Italian distributional novelties for G. phleoides concerning Liguria, Campania, and Puglia and two for G. scabrum concerning Liguria and Basilicata. In contrast, the distributional ranges of G. scabrum and G. lainzii in the W Mediterranean region remain poorly known and await further investigations.

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