The distribution of foliage density on single plants

1965 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
JR Philip
Keyword(s):  
Radial Distribution ◽  
Axial Symmetry ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Patterns Of Distribution ◽  
Foliage Density

Means are developed for estimating the radial distribution of foliage density and of "foliage area index" from laterally observed distributions on single plants. The analysis depends on the assumption of axial symmetry. The analysis is applied to Warren Wilson's observations on saltbush. Characteristic patterns of distribution of leaves, stems, and inflorescences are found. The estimated "foliage area index" exceeds 13 at the plant axis.

Linear Functionals of the Foliage Angle Distribution as Tools to Study the Structure of Plant Canopies

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
RS Anderssen ◽  
DR Jackett ◽  
DLB Jupp
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Angle Distribution ◽  
Linear Functionals ◽  
General Transformation ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Plant Canopies ◽  
Contact Frequency ◽  
Numerical Experimentation ◽  
Actual Evaluation ◽  
Foliage Density

In 1967, Miller showed how average foliage density could be computed from contact frequency data. It formalized mathematically the idea posed earlier by Warren Wilson of estimating the leaf area index as a linear combination of measured values of the contact frequency. Recently, it has been shown that Miller's result is a special case of a general transformation that allows linear functionals defined on the (generally unknown) foliage angle distribution (foliage angle functionals) to be evaluated as linear functionals defined on the (measured) contact frequency (contact frequency functionals). This result has important consequences for the use of foliage angle functionals in the study of the structure of plant canopies. For example, it allows Warren Wilson's idea to be extended to the evaluation of such functionals, and thereby simplifies greatly their actual evaluation. In this paper, we first motivate and review the use of foliage angle functionals in the study of plant canopies; then we introduce new functionals (the segmented foliage density and the moments); and finally, we use numerical experimentation with synthetic data to illustrate the advantages of having formulas for the foliage angle functionals of interest that are defined explicitly in terms of the (measured) contact frequency.

Structures and crystallization of vacuum-deposited amorphous Se and Sb films

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 140-141
Author(s):  
Makoto Shiojiri ◽  
Toshiyuki Isshiki ◽  
Tetsuya Fudaba ◽  
Yoshihiro Hirota
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Radial Distribution ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Amorphous State ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Amorphous Films ◽  
Binding Condition

In hexagonal Se crystal each atom is covalently bound to two others to form an endless spiral chain, and in Sb crystal each atom to three others to form an extended puckered sheet. Such chains and sheets may be regarded as one- and two- dimensional molecules, respectively. In this paper we investigate the structures in amorphous state of these elements and the crystallization.HRTEM and ED images of vacuum-deposited amorphous Se and Sb films were taken with a JEM-200CX electron microscope (Cs=1.2 mm). The structure models of amorphous films were constructed on a computer by Monte Carlo method. Generated atoms were subsequently deposited on a space of 2 nm×2 nm as they fulfiled the binding condition, to form a film 5 nm thick (Fig. 1a-1c). An improvement on a previous computer program has been made as to realize the actual film formation. Radial distribution fuction (RDF) curves, ED intensities and HRTEM images for the constructed structure models were calculated, and compared with the observed ones.

Obtaining Normalized Atomic Radial Distribution Functions from EELFS Spectra

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (C2) ◽  
pp. C2-577-C2-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Surnin ◽  
D. E. Denisov ◽  
Yu. V. Ruts ◽  
P. M. Knjazev
Keyword(s):  
Radial Distribution ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Radial Distribution Functions ◽  
Atomic Radial Distribution
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