The wood anatomy of New Guinea Nothofagus B1

1954 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
HE Dadswell ◽  
HD Ingle
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
South America ◽  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Temperate Species ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Secondary Wood ◽  
Genus One

An examination has been made of the secondary wood of available species of the genus Nothofagus B1. From the results it appears that on the basis of wood anatomy a ready separation can be made into two distinct groups within the genus: one comprising the New Guinea species (eight examined) and the other the temperate species from South America, New Zealand, and eastern Australia (14 examined). The New Guinea species can be separated easily from the remainder by the larger, less numerous vessels, the distinct bands of parenchyma, and the absence of tracheids. The results support the segregation of the New Guinea species into a separate subsection of the genus as proposed by van Steenis (1953).

Ticks in Australia: endemics; exotics; which ticks bite humans?

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Stephen C Barker ◽  
Dayana Barker
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
South Australia ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soft Tick ◽  
Ixodes Holocyclus ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Paralysis Tick

At least 71 species of ticks occur in Australia; a further 33 or so species are endemic to its neighbours, New Guinea and New Zealand. The ticks of Australia and other parts of Australasia are phylogenetically distinct. Indeed, there are at least two lineages of ticks that are unique to Australasia: the genus Bothriocroton Klompen, Dobson & Barker, 2002; and the new genus Archaeocroton Barker & Burger, 2018. Two species of ticks that are endemic to Australia are notorious for feeding on humans: (i) Ixodes holocyclus, the eastern paralysis tick, in eastern Australia; and (ii) Amblyomma triguttatum triguttatum, the ornate kangaroo tick, in Western Australia, at one place in South Australia, and in parts of Queensland. Three of the other endemic species of ticks that feed on humans in Australia are also noteworthy: (i) Bothriocroton hydrosauri, the southern reptile tick, which is a vector of Rickettsia honei (Flinders Island spotted fever); (ii) Haemaphysalis novaeguineae, the New Guinea haemaphysalid; and (iii) Ornithodoros capensis, the seabird soft tick. Here, we present images of female Ixodes holocyclus, Amblyomma t. triguttatum, Bothriocroton hydrosauri and Haemaphysalis novaeguineae and our latest maps of the geographic distributions of Ixodes holocyclus, Amblyomma t. triguttatum and Bothriocroton hydrosauri. None of the five exotic species of ticks in Australia typically feed on humans.

Ophioceras leptosporum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Economic Applications

Abstract A description is provided for Ophioceras leptosporum. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, dispersal and transmission, habitats and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Cameroon), North America (Mexico), South America (Brazil (Bahia)), Asia (Afghanistan, China (Hong Kong), Malaysia, Papua New-Guinea, Taiwan, Thailand), Australasia (New Zealand), Europe (Belgium, Finland, Netherlands, Serbia, Spain, Switzerland, UK)). In a study of endophytes of Terminalia and other plants in Cameroon, Toghueo et al. (2017) detected O. leptosporum and demonstrated that it produced amylase and lipase, both enzymes with potential economic applications.

A revision of the Australian Tortricini, Schoeotenini, and Chlidanotini, (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae)

1965 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 613 ◽  
Author(s):  
IFB Common
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Leaf Miners ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Cape York

The Australian Tortricini, Schoenotenini, and Chlidanotini together include 40 species in 17 genera. The Tortricini which are represented by 16 species in six genera, fall into two groups, the Phricanthes group with two genera and the Eboda group with four genera. Phricanthes Meyr. contains four Australian species, P. peistica and P. diaphorus being described as new. The other two species have a wide distribution abroad. The larvae attack plants in the family Dilleniaceae. The endemic genus Scolioplecta Meyr. includes seven widely scattered species, of which S. exochus and S. allocotus are described as new. A new species, A. diapella, from the Cape York Peninsula is referred to Amboyna Razowski, based on an Indonesian species. Anameristes, gen. nov. is a monotypic genus from north Queensland rain forest, established for Eboda cyclopleura Turn. Eboda Walk, contains one Australian species, and a series of others in the Indo- Malayan and Papuan areas. Asterolepis Razowski includes three species from Australia and New Guinea, with A. earina from Cape York and A. brandti from Papua described as new. The Schoenotenini are represented by 19 Australian species in seven genera. Two elements are distinguished. The Proselena group ranges from India to the New Hebrides and Rapa, including eastern Australia and New Zealand, while the Schoenotenes group has reached its greatest diversity in New Guinea. Proselena Meyr, has two species; Syncratus, gen. nov. has two new species, S. scepanus and S. paroecus; Tracholena, gen, nov., with type species Cnephasia sulfurosa Meyr., has three species; and Palaeotoma Meyr. is monotypic. The larvae of Proselena are leaf miners in Bursaria, those of T. sulfurosa tunnel in the bark of exotic Cupressus, while Palaeotoma has larvae boring in insect galls on Eucalyptus. Larval characters of these are discussed and compared with those of the New Zealand Prothelymna and Dipterina. The wide-ranging Diactenis Meyr., with a single new Australian species D. tryphera, may also belong to this group. Two genera of the Schoenotenes group are known from Australia. Cornuticlava Diak. includes three rain forest species in northern Queensland, including C. aritrana and C. phanera described as new. Epitrichosma Low. contains seven Australian species, one of which comes from the Darwin area, another E. hesperia, sp. nov. from south-western Australia, one from rain forest in southern Queensland and eastern New South Wales, and four including two new species E. ceramina and E. metreta from north-eastern Queensland. The last also occurs in New Guinea. The Chlidanotini contain five Australian species in four genera. Trymalitis Meyr. and Caenognosis Wals. are small but widely distributed Old World genera. The two new monotypic endemic genera Daulocnema, based on D. epicharis, sp. nov., and Leurogyia, based on L. peristictum, sp. nov., are described. The venation, genitalia, mouth-parts, and other adult structures, used to distinguish the genera, together with the larval characters of a few species, are discussed and figured. The genitalia of both sexes and the wings of the Australian species are figured and keys to the genera and species are given.

scholarly journals Stratigraphic development and petroleum prospectivity of northern Zealandia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Zelia Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Source Rock ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Reservoir Rock ◽  
Seismic Unit ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Basin Floor

<p>Northern Zealandia lies between Australia, New Zealandia, and New Caledonia. It has an area of 3,000,000 km2 and is made up of bathymetric rises and troughs with typical water depths of 1000 to 4000 m. I use 39,309 line km of seismic-reflection profiles tied to recent International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) drilling and three boreholes near the coast of New Zealand to investigate stratigraphic architecture and assess the petroleum prospectivity of northern Zealandia.  Sparse sampling requires that stratigraphic and petroleum prospectivity inferences are drawn from better-known basins in New Zealand, Australia, New Caledonia, TimorLeste and Papua New Guinea. Five existing seismic-stratigraphic units are reviewed. Zealandia Seismic Unit U3 is sampled near New Zealand and may contain Jurassic Muhiriku Group coals. Elsewhere, Seismic Unit 3 may have oil-prone equivalents of the Jurassic Walloon Coal Measure in eastern Australia; or may contain Triassic-Jurassic marine source rocks, as found in offshore Bonaparte Basin, onshore Timor-Leste, and the Papuan Basin in Papua New Guinea. Seismic Unit U2b (Mid-Cretaceous) is syn-rift and may contain coal measures, as found in Taranaki-Aotea Basin and New Caledonia. Seismic Unit U2a (Late Cretaceous to Eocene) contains coaly source rocks in the southeastern part of the study area, and may also contain marine equivalent carbonaceous mudstone, as found at Site IODP U1509. Unit U2a is transgressive, with coaly source rocks and reservoir sandstones near its base, and clay, marl and chalk above that provides a regional seal. Seismic Unit U1b (Eocene-Oligocene) is mass-transport complexes and basin floor fans related to a brief phase of convergent deformation that created folds in the southern part of the study area and regionally uplifted ridges to create new sediment source areas. Basin floor fans may contain reservoir rock and Eocene folding created structural traps. Seismic Unit U1a is Oligocene and Neogene chalk, calcareous ooze, and marl that represents overburden. Mass accumulation rates (MAR) and climatic temperatures were high in the late Miocene and early Pliocene, resulting in peak thermal maturity and hydrocarbon expulsion at ~ 3 Ma.  Approximately one-fifth of the region has adequate source rock maturity for petroleum expulsion at the base of Seismic Unit U2: Fairway Basin (FWAY), southern New Caledonia Trough (NCTS) and Reinga Basin (REIN). Plays may exist in either Seismic Unit U3 or U2, with many plausible reservoir-seal combinations, and several possible trapping mechanisms: unconformities, normal faults, folds, or stratigraphic pinch-out. The rest of the region could be prospective, but requires a source rock to exist within Seismic Unit U3, which is mostly unsampled and remains poorly understood.</p>

A brief historical account of an endemic swallowtail butterfly first collected a century ago on Goodenough Island (D'Entrecasteaux group) in Papua New Guinea

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-169
Author(s):  
W. J. Tennent ◽  
D. K. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Historical Account ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
University Museum ◽  
High Elevations

Graphium weiskei goodenovii Rothschild, 1915 (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) has been known for over a century only from two male specimens: one in the Natural History Museum, London; the other in the Oxford University Museum of Natural History (OUMNH). Endemic to Goodenough Island, in the D'Entrecasteaux group, Papua New Guinea, it was first collected on the summit of ‘Oiamadawa'a (Mount Madawaa, Mount Madara'a) in 1912 by New Zealand anthropologist Diamond Jenness. The second specimen, which became the holotype, was collected in mountains in the south of the island by Albert Stewart Meek, one of Walter, Lord Rothschild's most prolific collector/explorers for his museum at Tring in Hertfordshire. In each case, capture of specimens was sufficiently notable to be recorded contemporaneously by the captors. These data, and maps and photographs made by the collectors suggest that the butterfly was widespread at moderate to high elevations on Goodenough Island. The authors climbed ‘Oiamadawa'a in 2015 and collected further specimens, now deposited in OUMNH.

Stratigraphic development and petroleum prospectivity of northern Zealandia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Zelia Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Source Rock ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Reservoir Rock ◽  
Seismic Unit ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Basin Floor

<p>Northern Zealandia lies between Australia, New Zealandia, and New Caledonia. It has an area of 3,000,000 km2 and is made up of bathymetric rises and troughs with typical water depths of 1000 to 4000 m. I use 39,309 line km of seismic-reflection profiles tied to recent International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) drilling and three boreholes near the coast of New Zealand to investigate stratigraphic architecture and assess the petroleum prospectivity of northern Zealandia.  Sparse sampling requires that stratigraphic and petroleum prospectivity inferences are drawn from better-known basins in New Zealand, Australia, New Caledonia, TimorLeste and Papua New Guinea. Five existing seismic-stratigraphic units are reviewed. Zealandia Seismic Unit U3 is sampled near New Zealand and may contain Jurassic Muhiriku Group coals. Elsewhere, Seismic Unit 3 may have oil-prone equivalents of the Jurassic Walloon Coal Measure in eastern Australia; or may contain Triassic-Jurassic marine source rocks, as found in offshore Bonaparte Basin, onshore Timor-Leste, and the Papuan Basin in Papua New Guinea. Seismic Unit U2b (Mid-Cretaceous) is syn-rift and may contain coal measures, as found in Taranaki-Aotea Basin and New Caledonia. Seismic Unit U2a (Late Cretaceous to Eocene) contains coaly source rocks in the southeastern part of the study area, and may also contain marine equivalent carbonaceous mudstone, as found at Site IODP U1509. Unit U2a is transgressive, with coaly source rocks and reservoir sandstones near its base, and clay, marl and chalk above that provides a regional seal. Seismic Unit U1b (Eocene-Oligocene) is mass-transport complexes and basin floor fans related to a brief phase of convergent deformation that created folds in the southern part of the study area and regionally uplifted ridges to create new sediment source areas. Basin floor fans may contain reservoir rock and Eocene folding created structural traps. Seismic Unit U1a is Oligocene and Neogene chalk, calcareous ooze, and marl that represents overburden. Mass accumulation rates (MAR) and climatic temperatures were high in the late Miocene and early Pliocene, resulting in peak thermal maturity and hydrocarbon expulsion at ~ 3 Ma.  Approximately one-fifth of the region has adequate source rock maturity for petroleum expulsion at the base of Seismic Unit U2: Fairway Basin (FWAY), southern New Caledonia Trough (NCTS) and Reinga Basin (REIN). Plays may exist in either Seismic Unit U3 or U2, with many plausible reservoir-seal combinations, and several possible trapping mechanisms: unconformities, normal faults, folds, or stratigraphic pinch-out. The rest of the region could be prospective, but requires a source rock to exist within Seismic Unit U3, which is mostly unsampled and remains poorly understood.</p>

Capronia normandinae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
South America ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
New Guinea

Abstract A description is provided for Capronia normandinae. Some information on its morphological characteristics, associated organisms and substrata, dispersal and transmission, habitats and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Asia (Papua-New Guinea), Atlantic Ocean (Portugal, Madeira), Australasia (New Zealand), Europe (France, Ireland, Norway, Portugal, Spain, UK), South America (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador)).

Annotated catalogue of the click-beetle genera Hapatesus Candѐze, 1863 and Toorongus Neboiss, 1957 (Coleoptera: Elateridae) from the Australasian realm

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4885 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-234
Author(s):  
JOHANA HOFFMANNOVA ◽  
ROBIN KUNDRATA
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Click Beetle ◽  
Bismarck Archipelago ◽  
Annotated Catalogue

An annotated catalogue of the genera Hapatesus Candѐze, 1863 and Toorongus Neboiss, 1957 (Coleoptera: Elateridae) is presented. Altogether, 21 species are classified in Hapatesus (of which five in the subgenus Minutesus Neboiss, 1957), and four in Toorongus. The species of Hapatesus are distributed in Australia, New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago and New Zealand, and there are also dubious reports from Taiwan, India and Uganda. Toorongus, on the other hand, is an endemic of Australia. For each taxon we provide synonyms, information on types, type localities, distribution, and bibliography. The systematic placement and distribution of the above-mentioned genera are briefly discussed. 

Biogeographic congruence in the South Pacific

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Seberg
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
South America ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Classical Problem ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
General Area ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Ever since J. D. Hooker's famous 'Introductory Essay' to Flora NOVE-Zelandise, a classical problem in biogeography has been to give a casual explanation of southern hemisphere distribution patterns. An attempt is made to see whether the cladograms for the circum-Pacific areas (South America, New Zealand, Tasmania and Australia) are congruent. The area cladograms are derived from Nothofagus (Fagacae), Embothriinae (Protaceae), Oreobolus (Cyperaceae), Cyttaria (Helotiales) and Eriococcidae (Homoptera). The resulting general area cladogram showing southern South America as the sister-area to New Zealand, south-eastern Australia and Tasmania, and Tasmania plus south-eastern Australia as sister-areas to New Zealand are compared with different geological hypotheses for the area. The biological area cladogram is shown to be congruent with widely different geological hypotheses.

Phylogeny of the Hebe Complex (Scrophulariaceae: Veroniceae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Garnock-Jones
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
South America ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Dispersal Events ◽  
Occurrence Of Species

The southern segregates of Veronica (Hebe, Parahebe, Chionohebe, Dementia, and Detzneria) form a monophyletic assemblage of c. 144 species found in New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand, Rapa, and South America. Most of the species occur in New Zealand, where Hebe is the largest genus and a characteristic member of many vegetation types. Cladistic analysis of the Hebe complex, based on 45 characters and 22 terminal taxa, indicates that: (1) Hebe is monophyletic if Hebe 'Paniculatae' is excluded and H. formosa is included; (2) Parahebe is paraphyletic; (3) Chionohebe is monophyletic, but is part of a larger clade which includes alpine Parahebe and possibly the monotypic Detzneria; (4) Hebe 'Paniculatae', Derwentia, and New Guinea Parahebe are monophyletic basal groups in the complex. According to this study, recognition of monophyletic genera would require six genera in the complex, supporting the recognition of Derwentia and separation of Hebe 'Paniculatae' from Hebe. Leonohebe Heads is considered polyphyletic and is not accepted; new combinations are provided for two species of Leonohebe with no name at species rank in Hebe. Competing biogeographic hypotheses have implied (1) a Gondwanan origin, or (2) migration from South-east Asia via New Guinea. An origin in Australasia from Asian ancestors best explains the topology of the basal parts of the cladogram, but at least seven dispersal events from New Zealand are postulated to explain the occurrence of species of Hebe in South America and Rapa and Parahebe, Hebe, and Chionohebe in Australia. An hypothesis which did not allow dispersal would require that nearly all the evolution in the complex occurred before the Tertiary, and hardly any since.

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