Analysis of nutrient use efficiency (NUE) in Eucalyptus pilularis forests

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 558 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Turner ◽  
Marcia J. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Cost Index ◽  
Organic Matter Production ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Nutrient Utilisation ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Eucalyptus Pilularis

Alternative indices to use for nutrient use efficiency (NUE) were analysed for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulfur, using 17 Eucalyptus pilularis forest sites to test the hypothesis that NUE increases with decreasing nutrient availability. Reported indices represent different measures of nutrient use, including (1) efficiency of acquisition from soil, (2) quantities required for organic matter production, (3) organic matter production related to uptake, (4) ability to internally retranslocate nutrients and (5) physiological requirement of nutrients. Some indices are highly correlated but the highest correlations were according to age. Phosphorus, the main growth-limiting nutrient, on average, produced 6.5 and 10.9 t of organic matter per kilogram of phosphorus required and taken up from soil, respectively. Comparable estimates were made for other nutrients. NUEs of mobile nutrients increased with decreases in nutrient availability and this supported the hypotheses when age was taken into account. The NUEs of one nutrient are not independent of other nutrients. The inverse of foliage nutrient concentration is a valuable low-cost index of nutrient utilisation and correlates with net primary production/nutrient requirement, and is related to age. Resorption of nutrients, comparing new and abscised tissue, was of low value, but abscised-tissue nutrient correlations are related to a lower benchmark and are of value. The use of selected NUE indices for species comparison was discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of K-N-Humates on Dry Matter Production and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Maize in Sarawak, Malaysia

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1282-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Auldry Chaddy Petrus ◽  
Osumanu Haruna Ahmed ◽  
Ab Majid Nik Muhamad ◽  
Hassan Mohammad Nasir ◽  
Make Jiwan
Keyword(s):  
Humic Substances ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Use Efficiency

Agricultural waste, such as sago waste (SW), is one of the sources of pollution to streams and rivers in Sarawak, particularly those situated near sago processing plants. In addition, unbalanced and excessive use of chemical fertilizers can cause soil and water pollution. Humic substances can be used as organic fertilizers, which reduce pollution. The objectives of this study were to produce K- and ammonium-based organic fertilizer from composted SW and to determine the efficiency of the organic-based fertilizer produced. Humic substances were isolated using standard procedures. Liquid fertilizers were formulated except for T2 (NPK fertilizer), which was in solid form. There were six treatments with three replications. Organic fertilizers were applied to soil in pots on the 10th day after sowing (DAS), but on the 28th DAS, only plants of T2 were fertilized. The plant samples were harvested on the 57th DAS during the tassel stage. The dry matter of plant parts (leaves, stems, and roots) were determined and analyzed for N, P, and K using standard procedures. Soil of every treatment was also analyzed for exchangeable K, Ca, Mg, and Na, organic matter, organic carbon, available P, pH, total N, P, nitrate and ammonium contents using standard procedures. Treatments with humin (T5 and T6) showed remarkable results on dry matter production; N, P, and K contents; their uptake; as well as their use efficiency by maize. The inclusion of humin might have loosened the soil and increased the soil porosity, hence the better growth of the plants. Humin plus inorganic fertilizer provided additional nutrients for the plants. The addition of inorganic fertilizer into compost is a combination of quick and slow release sources, which supplies N throughout the crop growth period. Common fertilization by surface application of T2 without any additives (acidic and high CEC materials) causes N and K to be easily lost. High Ca in the soil may have reacted with phosphate from fertilizer to form Ca phosphate, an insoluble compound of phosphate that is generally not available to plants, especially roots. Mixing soil with humin produced from composted SW before application of fertilizers (T5 and T6) significantly increased maize dry matter production and nutrient use efficiency. Additionally, this practice does not only improve N, P, and K use efficiency, but it also helps to reduce the use of N-, P-, and K-based fertilizers by 50%.

scholarly journals Ecosystem Water Use Efficiency in the Three-North Region of China Based on Long-Term Satellite Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7977
Author(s):  
Qi’ao Zhang ◽  
Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Organic Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Variation Trends

Water use efficiency (WUE), given by the ratio between organic matter production and water consumption, could be considered as a very important ecological indicator for assessing vegetation system growth conditions by combining organic matter production and water consumption. It is especially important for regional vegetation sustainable management by creating enough organic matter with restricted water supply. Furthermore, proper analysis of WUE is vital for the evaluation and future plans of ecological restoration projects in ecologically fragile regions such as the Three-North region of China. In this study, ecosystem WUE across the Three-North region of China from 2001 to 2017 was obtained, and the variation trends and major influencing factors were also analyzed. The results demonstrated that (1) the average WUE across the Three-North region of China is 0.7376 g∙C∙m−2∙mm−1 with an annual increase of 0.002 g∙C∙m−2∙mm−1∙y−1; (2) the spatiotemporal variation trends of WUE are similar to those of gross primary production (GPP); and (3) in the southeastern parts of the Three-North region, the vegetation conditions are better with sustainable improvements, while in Xinjiang Province, the sustainable degradation areas are widely spread. The results of this research reveal large spatial heterogeneity of WUE, with high WUE mainly in the southeastern region with sufficient precipitation and afforestation programs. For those areas far away from this region, WUE is not satisfactory, suggesting that, for a sustainable vegetation growth, it is important to consider the water supply to maintain suitable vegetation cover. Furthermore, the results of this research are important for future ecological restoration and sustainable management of environment.

Nutrient use efficiency and utilisation in east coast Australian Eucalyptus forests

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 585
Author(s):  
John Turner
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Available N ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Difference

Nutrient use efficiency (NUE) has been used as a method to evaluate the utilisation and processes of cycling of nutrient in forests. In publications, different methods have been used to calculate NUE, but as efficiency they are all expressed as ratios and these cover the basic areas of: (1) absorption from the soil and uptake, (2) efficiency in their requirement or utilisation of nutrients including physiological efficiency and (3) efficiency in the retention and internal re-utilisation of nutrients. Few studies address NUE based on complete nutrient cycling information but use indices based on litterfall or foliage nutrient concentrations. In this study different expressions of NUE were defined and evaluated for N and P using data on nutrient cycles on species in the genus Eucalyptus in regrowth and mature native eastern Australian forests. It has been hypothesised that NUE increases with decreasing nutrient availability however increasing such efficiency has a cost reflected in reduced productivity. The hypothesis was proven for all expressions of NUE correlating NUE against estimates of soil N or P availability but there were differences between coastal and tableland Eucalyptus forests. The level of significance varied for different types of NUE and in these ecosystems P was of greater significance than N. This reflected the importance of P in relation to productivity on many of the weathered soils or the limited value of the soil available N indices. It is suggested that the difference expressions of NUE differ in their significance with species so some will be relatively more efficient in terms of uptake, others in utilisation and others in redistribution. Only in extreme situations of nutrient availability do species have relatively high efficiency for all methods NUE calculation. It is proposed that these differences are of importance in site/species distribution and more importantly in mixed stands where they provide advantages either at different stages of stand development or after significant disturbances such as fire.

scholarly journals Biochar: Agronomic and environmental potential in Brazilian savannah soils

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 761-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiano A. Petter ◽  
Beata E. Madari
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Stable Form ◽  
Soil Conditioner ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Brazilian Savannah ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Due to the high activity of microorganisms, the loss of soil organic matter is high in tropical regions. This loss becomes even greater if the soil is managed improperly or when there is no technology that leverages the permanence of the soil carbon by maintaining appropriate levels of organic matter, providing chemical, physical and biological soil improvements and contributing to reduce CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. Due to its aromatic structure, biochar is a highly stable form of carbon in the soil that may contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, such as CO2, N2O and CH4, and act as a soil conditioner, improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil. Biochar may also result in increased productivity due to the improvement of soil attributes or a possible electrophysiological effect. Research over the past decades has demonstrated the potential of biochar as a soil conditioner, improving fertility and nutrient-use efficiency, in addition to maximising the productivity of crops, such as soybean and rice.

Nutrient-Use Efficiency: A Litterfall Index, a Model, and a Test Along a Nutrient-Availability Gradient in North Carolina Peatlands

1995 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott D. Bridgham ◽  
John Pastor ◽  
Charles A. McClaugherty ◽  
Curtis J. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Nutrient Use and Yield of Banana as influenced by Fertigation

Agropedology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K.D. Kale ◽  
◽  
D.D. Pawar ◽  
U.S. Surve ◽  
S.S. Jadhav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Surface Irrigation ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Crop Growth Stage ◽  
Drip Fertigation

A field experiment was conducted during 2010-2011 in medium deep clay soils at the Research Farm of Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, Maharashtra to find out the effect of drip fertigation on yield and nutrient use efficiency of banana (cv. Grand naine). The treatments comprised of 100, 80 and 60 % recommended dose (RD) of fertilizer applied through drip in two schedules (Schedule A-equal, Schedule B crop growth stage), drip irrigation with only N through drip, drip with conventional fertilizers through soil and surface irrigation as control. The drip irrigation increased banana yield by 59.6 per cent and saved fertilizer to the tune of 40 per cent .The treatment comprising of 100 % RD of fertigation (schedule B) had maximum banana yield (81.84 t ha-1) over surface irrigation (51.26 t ha-1), however, it was at par with 100 % RD of fertigation in uniform 16 splits and 80 % RD of fertigation. Application of water soluble fertilizers through drip resulted in highest nutrient availability than control. In general, 100 % RD had the highest nutrient availability than 80 % and 40 % RD of fertilizer. The nutrient availability was more in treatment in which fertilizers were applied as per growth stages (schedule B) than equal splits (schedule A). The uptake of nutrients was higher in fertigated treatments than other treatments

Nutrient distribution and cycling in a subtropical rainforest in New South Wales

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Lambert ◽  
John Turner
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
New South ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Nutrient Distribution ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Subtropical rainforests in New South Wales (NSW) are distributed on the more fertile forest soils and are nutritionally distinct from the Eucalyptus forests in the same areas. The distribution, cycling of organic matter and nutrients and nutrient use efficiency in an Australian subtropical rainforest were studied and aspects were compared with reported Eucalyptus studies. The available nutrients were greatly in excess of the stand uptake or requirement. A single undisturbed plot within a research trial in mature forest was selected for the study. At the beginning of the study, the aboveground forest biomass was ~334 t ha–1 of organic matter and, 22 years later, there was 357 t ha–1, giving a net accumulation rate of 1.03 t ha–1 year–1, and net primary productivity of 13.0–14.6 t ha–1 year–1. Litterfall and forest-floor analyses indicated a very rapid turnover of organic matter, with an estimated half-life of ~0.5 years. The quantity of nutrients in the stand was high relative to other forest types in the area, with 1109.2 kg N ha–1, 62 kg P ha–1, 1999 kg Ca ha–1, 591 kg Mg ha–1 and 901 kg K ha–1. Nutrient requirement estimated as nutrient content of the current tissue was estimated to be 107, 5.3, 99, 26 and 61 kg ha–1 year–1 for N, P, Ca, Mg and K, respectively, and uptake defined as removal from the soil was estimated to be 112, 4.7, 128, 37 and 49 kg ha–1 year–1 for the same nutrients, the difference between these being net nutrient redistribution. Nutrient use efficiency (NUE), defined as net primary productivity (NPP) per requirement (t kg–1), was calculated to be 0.12, 2.43, 0.13, 0.50 and 0.21 for N, P, Ca, Mg and K, respectively; these values were low, for example, compared with mature E. pilularis, for which NPP was 0.20, 6.5, 0.43, 1.04 and 0.52 t kg–1 for N, P, Ca, Mg and K, respectively. Using NUE defined as NPP per uptake provided comparable estimates. The rainforest represents a forest growing with basically no nutrient limitations, and, as such, is a benchmark for forest nutrient distribution, cycling and NUE.

scholarly journals Soil Profile Studies of Organic and Conventional farms growing Chilli, Capsicum annuum

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavita Choudhary ◽  
Dayanand Dayanand ◽  
Preeti Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Conventional Farms ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The experiments were conducted to determine effects of farming practises on soil quality of fields. Comparative analyses of soil samples from organic and conventional farms were carried out for soil organic matter nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, salinity, and soil pH. Applications of organic manures increase the availability of organic elements in soil naturally and improve the Nutrient Use Efficiency (NUE) of crops. Standard chemical analytical methods were used to determine organic matter, EC, pH, in soil. Special attention was paid to phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium. Soil profile analysis showed that organic farming gradually enhances soil quality naturally. Results indicated increasing levels of organic carbon, total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, CEC, pH of soil from farms practising organic farming.

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