Floral ontogeny of Brunonia australis (Goodeniaceae) and Calandrinia sp. (Portulacaceae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn L. Cave ◽  
Colin J. Birch ◽  
Graeme L. Hammer ◽  
John E. Erwin ◽  
Margaret E. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Flower Development ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Ambient Light ◽  
Floral Ontogeny ◽  
Vernalisation Requirement ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Temperature Responses ◽  
Scanning Electron

Floral ontogeny of Brunonia australis Sm. ex R.Br. (blue pincushion) and Calandrinia sp. (not yet fully classified) was investigated by scanning electron microscopy to assist further efforts for manipulating flowering of these potential floriculture crops. This is the first work to study floral initiation and the stages of flower development for these species. Floral initiation of B. australis commenced 28 days after seed germination when grown at 25/10 or 35/20°C (day/night) under long days (11 h of ambient light at 553 ± 45 µmol m–2 s–1, plus a 5-h night break at <4.5 µmol m–2 s–1). Leaf number at floral initiation reflected differences in the accumulated thermal time between treatments so that about double the number of leaves formed at 35/20°C. This suggested differing temperature responses for leaf and phenological development, and that leaf number was not a good indicator of floral initiation. For Calandrinia sp., floral initiation commenced 47 days after seed germination when grown at 25/10°C. Hot temperatures (35/20°C) inhibited flowering; indicating a vernalisation requirement. For B. australis, the pattern of floret development was centripetal, with flowers organised into five whorls. Four bracts surrounded each flower, whereas the sepals, petals and stamens showed a pentamerous arrangement. A central style was terminated by an indusial stigmatic presenter. Flowers of Calandrinia sp. consisted of four whorls, namely two sepals, 8–10 petals, numerous stamens produced centrifugally and a central syncarpous gynoecium with four stigmatic branches.

Resin mould technique for Scanning Electron Microscopy of floral initiation and development in Proteaceae

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 658-659
Author(s):  
Steven Dupee
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Flower Development ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Impression Material ◽  
Dental Impression ◽  
Scanning Electron

This paper illustrates the use of a replicating technique with SEM for distinct floral morphogenesis in two flower species. The initiation of floral apices and flower development have been studied intwo important cut flower crops, Telopea speciosissima and Protea cynaroides. The replicating technique using a dental impression material and Spurr's resin gives good results in monitoringthe development of Protea flower heads. When coitpared with other techniques, this one was preferred due to simpleprocedures, lack of shrinkage and collapse of cells, very little distortion and significant detail of individual flowers.

Cyclamen Leaf Unfolding Rate in Response to Temperature

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 447d-447
Author(s):  
Meriam Karlsson ◽  
Jeffrey Werner
Keyword(s):  
Day Length ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Cyclamen Persicum ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Leaf Unfolding ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Growth Chambers ◽  
Response To Temperature

Nine-week-old plants of Cyclamen persicum `Miracle Salmon' were transplanted into 10-cm pots and placed in growth chambers at 8, 12, 16, 20, or 24 °C. The irradiance was 10 mol/day per m2 during a 16-h day length. After 8 weeks, the temperature was changed to 16 °C for all plants. Expanded leaves (1 cm or larger) were counted at weekly intervals for each plant. The rate of leaf unfolding increased with temperature to 20 °C. The fastest rate at 20 °C was 0.34 ± 0.05 leaf/day. Flower buds were visible 55 ± 7 days from start of temperature treatments (118 days from seeding) for the plants grown at 12, 16, or 20 °C. Flower buds appeared 60 ± 6.9 days from initiation of treatments for plants grown at 24 °C and 93 ± 8.9 days for cyclamens grown at 8 °C. Although there was no significant difference in rate of flower bud appearance for cyclamens grown at 12, 16, or 20 °C, the number of leaves, flowers, and flower buds varied significantly among all temperature treatments. Leaf number at flowering increased from 38 ± 4.7 for plants at 12 °C to 77 ± 8.3 at 24 °C. Flowers and flower buds increased from 18 ± 2.9 to 52 ± 11.0 as temperature increased from 12 to 24 °C. Plants grown at 8 °C had on average 6 ± 2 visible flower buds, but no open flowers at termination of the study (128 days from start of treatments).

Different day and night temperature responses in Lilium hansonii in relation to growth and flower development

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juniel Galido Lucidos ◽  
Kwang Bok Ryu ◽  
Adnan Younis ◽  
Chang-Kil Kim ◽  
Yoon-Jung Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flower Development ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Temperature Responses

The Effect of Pruning and Several Kinds of Growing Media Fertigation Hydroponic Systems Against Protection and Production of Melons (Cucumis Melo L.)

Nabatia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
M Abror ◽  
M Koko Ardiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Cucumis Melo L

This study aims to determine the effect of trimming with a wide variety of growing media hydroponic system fertigation on growth and yield of melon. Research will be conducted in the green house (House of plastic) UMSIDA Agriculture Faculty, Campus 2, Gelam, Candi, Sidoarjo, research time between the months of March to June 2016 using analysis of variance and continued test HSD 5%. The variables measured were plant height, leaf number, level of sweetness of fruit, fruit weight, high-fruit, thickness of the flesh of the fruit, conclusion from this research is going on the effect of trimming and a wide variety of growing media hydroponic system fertigation in treatment PM5 (trimming down, kokopit). There was also a real influence on the treatment PM6 (without pruning, kokopit) .In observation of plant height, leaf number, fruit weight, and high fruit. And also happens to influence a wide range of growing media on growth and yield of melon on hydroponics fertigation system, the PM6 treatment (without pruning, kokopit) had the highest rates in the observation of plant height, weight of the fruit, and the number of leaves.

scholarly journals Assessment on the Effects of Potting Media on Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 969-975
Author(s):  
M.K. Peter ◽  
SIN Agera ◽  
J.I. Amonum
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Poultry Droppings

This study investigated the effects of potting media on seed germination and early seedling growth of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir at the Forestry Nursery in Jos, Nigeria. Using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replicates, laboratory-tested soil samples, top soil, sharp sand, sharp sand + top soil, sharp sand + top soil + cow dung and sharp sand + top soil + poultry droppings were used in various combinations to assess the growth parameters of P. erinaceus (germination percentage, emergence, plant height, number of leaves, length of leaves and stem diameter) for 12 weeks. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze collected data. Result indicated that sharp sand + top soil + poultry droppings had the highest nitrogen concentration (2.19%), sharp sand + top soil + cow dung (2.07%), sharp sand + top soil (1.50%), top soil (0.72%) and Sharp sand (0.38%). Potting media with poultry droppings recorded an overall higher percentage germination of 42.9% by the end of the germination period. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of collected data on combined soil aggregate on growth parameters indicated a significant (p<0.05) difference in plant height, number of leaves, leaf length and stem diameter. Potting with poultry dropping gave the best potting media growth results when compared to other treatments that enhanced seed germination and seedling growth of P. erinaceus. This superior observation of the poultry droppings incorporated potting mixtures over the cow dung provides an outstanding potentials to enhance P. erinaceus plantation establishment. Consequently, recommended for raising seedlings in the nursery as well as ensuring sustainable management.

scholarly journals Budidaya Organik Kunyit pada Kluster Biofarmaka Kabupaten Karanganyar

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Samanhudi Samanhudi ◽  
Ahmad Yunus ◽  
Bambang Pujiasmanto
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Cultivation Techniques

Potential development of medicinal plants in Karanganyar is very large, because this area is famous as a center of medicinal plants such as ginger, turmeric, kencur, and temulawak. In the development of medicinal plants, the approach of organic cultivation is one of the alternatives that can be done to achieve the business. Therefore the application of technology to society about organic farming on Biopharmaca Cluster of Karanganyar was conducted with the aim to apply organic cultivation techniques that have resulted from previous studies, so it can be applied by the community to increase income and welfare. This application of technology to society activity is held in Sambirejo, Jumantono, Karanganyar. The research was conducted from March to October 2016. The results showed that the application of chicken manure affects the number of leaves, number of tillers, and the fresh weight of turmeric rhizome. The addition of manure (chicken, goat, cow) can increase all variables of planting growth which include plant height, number of leaf, number of tillers, fresh weight of plant, dry weight of plant, and fresh weight of rhizomes. Giving three types of manure (chicken, goat, cow) with mycorrhizal dose treatment there is no intraction to some growth observation variables. Mycorrhizal treatment with a dose of 10 g/plant can increase the number of tillers in turmeric. Overall the application of mycorrhizal at various doses (5, 10, and 15 g/plant) can increase plant height, leaf number, number of tillers, and fresh weight of turmeric rhizome.

Effect of phosphorus applied as superphosphate on rate of development and spikelet number per ear of different cultivars of wheat

1977 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Rahman ◽  
JH Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Constant Temperature ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Main Shoot ◽  
Spikelet Number ◽  
Vegetative Phase ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Elongation Phase

The effects of adding phosphorus (40 kg of phosphorus ha-1) at sowing on rate of development, spikelet number per ear, rate of spikelet initiation, apex length at floral initiation, and leaf number at ear emergence of the main shoot of seven wheat cultivars were studied under a 16 hr photoperiod at a constant temperature of 20°C. Phosphorus additions increased the spikelet number per ear, rate of spikelet initiation, and apex length significantly in all wheats, but had no effect on the duration of the vegetative phase, spikelet phase or elongation phase, or on leaf number. The increase in spikelet number was due to an increase of spikelet initiation. All wheats responded similarly to addition of phosphorus.

Investigation of flowering in Banksia baxteri R. Br. and B. hookeriana Meissner for improving pruning practices

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
LJ Rohl ◽  
AM Fuss ◽  
JA Dhaliwal ◽  
MG Webb ◽  
BB Lamont
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
First Year ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Floral initiation and development in relation to time of flowering were investigated in Banksia baxteri and B. hookeriana with the aid of scanning electron microscopy. Floral initiation occurred in spring in B. baxteri and in early summer in B. hookeriana. Floral development was rapid in B. baxteri (3 months to reach anthesis in summer). In B. hookeriana, development took 5 months, with anthesis occurring in winter. Most B. hookeriana blooms were produced on 2-year-old shoots, while B. baxteri produced about half of its blooms on 2-year-old shoots and almost as many on 3-year-old shoots. In both species, shoots that flowered within 2 years were longer and thicker in their first year than other shoots. A critical minimum stem length was determined for the first year's growth, to be used as a criterion for determining which shoots to remove during pruning. Details are provided for the timing of pruning to achieve maximum bloom production in B. baxteri and B. hookeriana.

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