Seed quality for conservation is critically affected by pre-storage factors

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Probert ◽  
John Adams ◽  
Julia Coneybeer ◽  
Andrew Crawford ◽  
Fiona Hay
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Species Reintroduction ◽  
Controlled Processing ◽  
Ambient Relative Humidity ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
Seed Collecting

The quality of seed-conservation collections, and hence their value for species reintroduction or restoration, is critically dependent on factors operating in the period between the point of collection and arrival at environmentally controlled processing and storage facilities. The timing of the acquisition of desiccation tolerance and seed longevity in air-dry storage, in relation to mass maturity and the time of natural seed dispersal, varies across species. In some wild plant species, seed quality continues to improve up to, and possibly beyond, the point of dispersal. Holding immature berries of Solanum dulcamara L. and capsules of Digitalis purpurea L. under natural conditions enabled comparison of seed quality between seeds stored under natural conditions and those dried rapidly under seedbank dry-room conditions. While seeds from fully ripe (post-mature) capsules of D. purpurea were insensitive to different post-harvest drying treatments, seed quality declined when mature berries of S. dulcamara were held under natural conditions. These results emphasise that the selection of post-harvest treatment will not only depend on the maturity of collected seeds but also may vary across species depending on the fruit type. Except for subtropical and tropical coastal locations, ambient daytime conditions during the main seed-collecting season (November–February) across Australia can be expected to result in tolerable rates of seed deterioration for the duration of seed-collecting missions. However, because seed moisture levels can be considerably higher than when equilibrated with ambient relative humidity, post-harvest handling decisions should ideally be informed by measurements of seed moisture at the time of collection, and subsequently seed moisture should be monitored during transit.

scholarly journals Antioxidant enzyme activity and physiological potential of Capsicum baccatum var. baccatum seeds as a function of post-harvest storage of fruit

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Teixeira Pinheiro ◽  
Rafael Macedo de Oliveira ◽  
Alice de Souza Silveira ◽  
Manuel Jesús Zavala León ◽  
Laryssa Bitencourt Teixeira Lima Brum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Fleshy Fruit ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
And Storage

Abstract: Post-harvest storage of fleshy fruit is a strategy used for improving seed quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate post-harvest storage of the fruit of C. baccatum var. baccatum (cumari pepper) and relate it to antioxidant enzyme activity and seed physiological potential. Red-colored fruit (65 days after anthesis) was gathered and stored at 20 °C for 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 days. The seeds were removed and evaluated for moisture content, physiological quality, antioxidant enzyme activity, and protein content. The means were fitted to regression equations and then passed through multivariate analysis (PCA). Seed moisture and 100-seed weight decreased through post-harvest storage. The 5- and 10-days storage periods led to an increase in the germination. Electrical conductivity was greater for the 0- and 20-day storage periods. Dry matter and protein increased in the 5- and 10-days. Enzymes exhibited reductions of activity comparing 0 and 20 days. The post-harvest storage of C. baccatum fruit for 5 and 10 days improves seed physiological potential and is related to physiological maturity. The incomplete maturation of cumari seeds obtained from unstored fruit (0 days) is related to greater enzyme activity, greater oxidative stress, and low germination and vigor. The lack of post-harvest storage of fruit and storage of fruit for longer than 10 days contributes to a lower physiological potential of cumari pepper seeds.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL LINE OF THERMAL PROCESSING OF SMALL-SEEDED CROPS

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. K OVSIANNYKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Technological Line ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Post Harvesting ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
Seed Crops

Despite successes, many problems are encountered with small-seed crops (sorghum, turnip, mustard, linen, etc.), for many of them there are not enough recommendations of regulations and other normative and technological documentation. The article is devoted to ways of improving the drying process of freshly harvested grain. It is known that during post-harvest processing, small-seeded crops undergo a certain thermal effect at certain stages of it. First of all, this regards, drying and cooling processes. Meanwhile, heat treatment is a complex technological process in which numerous physical-mechanical and biochemical changes, sometimes irreversible, occur in oil seed. In addition, heat treatment is the most energy-efficient. Timely and proper drying of grain not only increases its stability during storage, but also improves food and seed quality of grain. As a result of drying, post-harvest maturing is accelerated, humidity is leveled and technological properties change. Drying has a positive effect on the yield and quality of grain and products of its processing. To our regret, there are almost no studies of drying process of small-seeded crops grown in Ukraine. Meanwhile, drying is an important link in the post-harvesting process of corn. The paper gives recommendations on drying technology of crops (sorghum) and oilseeds (turnip, mustard, flax) of smallseeded food crops in grain-harvesting enterprises. The basic scheme of technological line of heat treatment of small-seeded crops and recommendations for reducing energy intensity and increasing the efficiency of heat treatment and improving their quality are developed. The main purpose of this article is to familiarize a wide range of specialists in the field of post-harvest processing and storage of grain with drying regimes and the scheme of technological drying line of small-seeded crops.

CHANGES IN MOISTURE, TEMPERATURE, AND QUALITY OF CORN SEED DURING HIGH-TEMPERATURE DRYING

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 749-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
ULRICH HERTER ◽  
JOSEPH S. BURRIS
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Seed Corn ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
High Temperature Drying

Mechanical drying has frequently caused injury in corn seed. Changes in seed moisture, temperature, and quality were determined for inbred lines A632, B73 and Mo17 to define the relationship between these variables. Ears harvested at ca. 48 and 38% seed moisture could be dried at 50 °C for 4–15 h and 18–24 h, respectively, before germination started to decline linearly with prolonged 50 °C drying. Drying time at 50 °C, seed moisture, or embryo moisture after 50 °C drying could be used equally well for prediction of seed quality. Seedling dry weights often declined even when seed was dried for only a few hours at 50 °C. Temperature measurements within seeds indicated that evaporation cooled the seed no more than 5 °C. Drying susceptibility of seed parents varied greatly between years.Key words: Moisture, temperature changes, seed corn, drying

Time of harvest, prethreshing treatment and quality in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seed crops

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Siddique ◽  
G Somerset ◽  
PB Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Maturation ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Snap Beans ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Poor Seed ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
Time Of Harvest

Trials on the cultivars Canyon and Gallatin 50 in 1978 and Cascade in 1979 were run in North Queensland to examine ways of improving seed quality of snap beans. The trials concentrated on the maturation period, since this is a critical period for the development of seed quality. We found that seed quality was poor when the crop was cut at the stage when the leaves had fallen and all the pods were dry, or if the plants were cut at any stage and allowed to dry on the ground in single rows. This poor seed quality was associated with high pod temperatures during seed maturation. Cutting the crop before leaf fall, at a seed moisture content close to 50% (20-40% of pods dry) and windrowing immediately in 5 or 10 rows to 1 windrow gave low pod temperatures during seed maturation and high seed quality. Seed harvested and threshed directly off the crop was of good quality provided the seed moisture content in the crop had fallen to less than 25%.

Techniques and key issues in collecting crop wild relatives

2021 ◽  
pp. 155-184
Author(s):  
Michael Way ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Crop Wild Relatives ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Genetic Sampling ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Essential Resource ◽  
Seed Collections

The genetic diversity found in populations of crop wild relatives is an essential resource for future crop breeding, but populations are at risk of loss before germplasm has been fully conserved in genebanks. This chapter describes best practice for targeting and identifying species, and review knowledge about the variation in wild plant populations to guide the timing of collecting and approaches for genetic sampling. Indicators are presented for seed quality, ripeness and dispersal. Techniques for collection of seed, herbarium vouchers and associated data are reviewed with examples drawn from the Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change (Crop Wild Relative) project. Further research is needed to find optimal approaches for handling of seed to ensure high longevity of seed collections, and improved tools are needed to guide sampling of genetic diversity of crop wild relatives.

scholarly journals Effect of Seed Moisture on Wyoming Big Sagebrush Seed Quality

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuguang Bai ◽  
D. Terrance Booth ◽  
Eric E. Roos
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Big Sagebrush ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Wyoming Big Sagebrush

Effect of preharvest applications of glyphosate on the drying, yield and quality of canola

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Darwent ◽  
K. J. Kirkland ◽  
L. Townley-Smith ◽  
K. N. Harker ◽  
A. J. Cessna
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Canola Seed ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Seed Content ◽  
Seed Yields

Potential use of preharvest applications of glyphosate in canola (Brassica rapa L.) in western Canada both as a harvest aid and to control weeds prompted this study. Experiments were conducted from 1988 to 1990 at four locations in the region to document the effectiveness of preharvest applications of glyphosate to enhance canola seed and foliage drydown and to measure the effect of such applications on seed yield and quality. Glyphosate was applied in early August to early September at rates of 0.45, 0.90 and 1.70 kg acid equivalent ha−1 to canola with seed moisture contents ranging from 79 to 12%. Seed and foliage moisture drydown were not enhanced by glyphosate treatment. Glyphosate treatments generally had little or no effect on canola seed yields, seed weight, seed germination, green seed content or oil content except when applied when the pods were green and when seed moisture contents were high. Seed/pod moisture was not a reliable indicator of stage of canola development and thus, should not be used alone as an indicator of when preharvest applications of glyphosate can be applied to canola without decreasing seed yield and quality. Key words: Glyphosate, canola, Brassica rapa L., preharvest application, desiccation, seed quality

QUALITY CHANGES OCCURRING IN SMALL LOTS OF DRY AND MOIST RAPESEED DURING STORAGE

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 831-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. MILLS
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Quality Changes ◽  
Penicillium Verrucosum ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Wallemia Sebi ◽  
Aspergillus Candidus ◽  
Seed Respiration

Small, 25-kg quantities of moist and dry Brassica napus L. ’Tower’ rapeseed were stored in drums located outdoors for 65 wk. Quality changes occurring in the moist (10.9–15.0% moisture content) rapeseed, which was deliberately allowed to spoil, were compared to those in dry (4.3–4.9% moisture content) seed. Moist seeds in the first 7 wk had high respiration and declined in quality during the 65 wk of storage as indicated by decreased seed germination, increased leakage of seed electrolytes, and increased free fatty acid (FAV) levels. Levels of post-harvest molds, including Aspergillus candidus, A. glaucus group species, A. versicolor, Penicillium verrucosum var. cyclopium and Wallemia sebi, also increased. Mycelia of P. verrucosum var. cyclopium caused seeds of 12.9–17.8% moisture content to become cemented together at the bottom of some drums necessitating removal of samples by chipping at 65 wk. Dry seeds, originally 11.2–12.2% moisture content before drying, had low seed respiration, high germination, low levels of most post-harvest molds but also moderate levels of P. verrucosum var. cyclopium and high FAV and therefore were also of low quality. Drying of the seeds occurred too late to prevent initial rapid loss in seed quality caused by seed enzymatic action and Penicillium activity; to be effective, drying of high moisture seeds should be carried out immediately after combining.

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