Micropropagation of two threatened Tasmanian species of Calocephalus (Asteraceae), with comments on phenotypic plasticity

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Jane Sands ◽  
Natalie Ruth Brown ◽  
Anthony Koutoulis
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Morphological Differences

Micropropagation systems were developed for Calocephalus citreus Less. and C. lacteus Less., two threatened Tasmanian members of the Asteraceae. Disinfected cold-treated capitula were used to initiate regeneration. For C. citreus, initiation was achieved on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 0.1�mg�L–1 or 0.5�mg�L–1 indoleacetic acid (IAA) and 1�mg�L–1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) in 5�weeks, while for C. lacteus initiation was achieved on MS with α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (0.1�mg�L–1) in 3�weeks and on MS without any plant growth regulator (PGR) in 6�weeks. Multiplication was achieved in both species on MS with various concentrations of IAA (0.01–0.5�mg�L–1) and BAP (0.1–1�mg�L–1). In C. citreus, shooting in all treatments did not differ significantly from PGR-free MS, while in C. lacteus PGR-free MS was one of the better treatments. Multiplication media also initiated root formation in C. lacteus, thereby facilitating immediate planting out. Optimal root induction in C. citreus was achieved by using MS with 1�g�L–1 activated charcoal. Clear morphological differences between in vitro and ex vitro plants of both species were observed. This phenotypic plasticity was more pronounced in C. lacteus than in C. citreus. As C. lacteus has a wider distribution than C. citreus and C. lacteus was more responsive during many stages of the micropropagation process, it may be possible to use the culture-induced phenotype to provide insights into the ecology of plant species.

scholarly journals In vitro study of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers (Menispermaceae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 103-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Singh ◽  
Saroj K Sah ◽  
Aunji Pradhan ◽  
Sabari Rajbahak ◽  
Niran Maharajan
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Nodal Segment ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium

In vitro study was carried out in an important medicinal plant Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers belonging to the family: Menispermaceae. Vegetative parts such as stem, leaf and nodal explants were excised from an elite in vivo grown mature plant and thereafter cultured on Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different hormonal concentrations for callus induction and organogenesis. Callus formation occurred from nodal segments, leaf and inter-node explants when planted on different combinations of hormones. Tinospora cordifolia showed response for in vitro shoot growth from the nodal segment. The best shoot growth was observed on MS medium supplemented with kinetin (1.5 mg/l). Similarly, the best result for root induction was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (1.0 mg/l) and naphthaleneacetic acid (2.5 mg/l). Key-words: callus induction; explants; medicinal plant; MS medium; tissue culture.DOI: 10.3126/botor.v6i0.2918 Botanica Orientalis - Journal of Plant Science (2009) 6: 103-105

In vitro propagation of Epacris impressa (Epacridaceae) and the effects of clonal material

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 215 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Anthony ◽  
C. B. McLean ◽  
A. C. Lawrie
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Multiple Shooting ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Main Determinant ◽  
Woody Plant Medium ◽  
Half Strength

A system of micropropagation has been developed for Epacris impressa Labill. (pink heath) (Epacridaceae), the floral emblem of Victoria, Australia. Only explants from glasshouse-grown plants treated with 1.2 g L–1 mancozeb were established successfully in vitro. Shoot material was very sensitive to surface-sterilisation, with 0.5% NaOCl for 5 min being optimal. Multiple shooting was induced optimally on Woody Plant Medium (WPM, Lloyd and McCown 1980) with 12–25 µM of the cytokinin 2iP (6-(γ,γ-dimethylallylamino) purine). Inclusion of the auxin IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) induced callus and reduced shooting. Rooting in vitro was greatest (up to 40%) with half-strength WPM and 16 µM IBA. Clones from individual plants varied in multiple shooting response to 2iP (0–49 µM) and root induction response to auxins (IBA and NAA (α-naphthaleneacetic acid), 0–43 µM). These results suggest that explant materials are the main determinant of success in in vitro propagation and that they require individual optimisation of treatments to maximise shoot and root formation.

REGENERATION OF PLANTLETS FROM HYPOCOTYL DERIVED CALLUS OF MORUS ALBA

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kathiravan ◽  
A. Shajahan ◽  
A. Ganapathi
Keyword(s):  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Shoot Buds ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Buds ◽  
Hypocotyl Segments

Plantlets were regenerated from hypocotyl callus of Morus alba cv. MR2. Calli were established from hypocotyl segments on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with indoleacetic acid (0.5 mg/1) and benzyladenine (BA) (0.5 mg/1). They were transferred to MS medium with different concentrations of naphthaleneacetic acid NAA and BA for four weeks. Adventitious shoot buds were observed by transferring callus onto fresh Linsmaier and Skoog (LS) medium containing NAA (0.5 mg/1) and BA (0.75 mg/1). Shoots produced in vitro were rooted on MS medium with indolebutyric acid (0.75 mg/1).

scholarly journals Regeneration of plants from alginate-encapsulated shoots of Rhododendron dalhousiae Hook. F.

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Singh ◽  
Bhusan Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Root Formation ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Synthetic Seed ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Direct Sowing

A method has been developed for plant regeneration from alginate-encapsulated nodal segments of Rhododendron dalhousiae. Shoot tips collected from in vitro proliferated shoots were used for synthetic seed production. For encapsulation, nodal segments were mixed with MS medium supplemented with 3% sodium alginate and incubated with calcium chloride (60 mM). The maximum frequency (69%) of conversion of encapsulated shoot tips into plantlets was achieved on MS medium containing 25 μM 2-isopentenyladenine (2iP) along with additive such as, 100 mg L-l polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), 100 mg L -l ascorbic acid, 10 mg L-l citric acid. The presence of 2iP (25 μM) with IAA (0.6 μM) improved re-generation. Amongst the two gelling agents used higher shoot proliferation as well as better growth were observed in cultures grown on Agar in comparison to Phytagel medium. Encapsulated nodal segments stored at 4°C for 25 days also showed successful conversion, followed by development into complete plantlets when returned to regeneration medium. Liquid medium was superior over solid medium for root formation and growth. IBA (1.0 μM) was more effective than other auxins for root induction. Plantlets with developed shoot and roots were hardened off to survive ex vitro conditions and successfully established in greenhouse. Possibility of direct sowing of synthetic seeds in the soil was also examined.

scholarly journals In vitro Propagation of Globba schomburgkii Hook. f. via Bulbil Explants

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 701-710
Author(s):  
Piyaporn SAENSOUK ◽  
Surapon SAENSOUK ◽  
Phattaraporn PIMMUEN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Different Types

An efficient and rapid protocol for the micropropagation of Globba schomburgkii Hook. f. via bulbil explants was investigated. The long divided and undivided bubils of G. schomburgkii Hook. f. were cultured on MS medium (Murashige and Skoog) that had either 3 mg/l benzyladenine (BA) or 0.5 mg/l naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) added for 8 weeks. The results indicated that the long divided bulbils of G. schomburgkii Hook. f. showed a greater amount of plant regeneration than the undivided bulbils. Callus induction, as well as shoot and root formation, were observed when culturing microshoots of 1 cm in length on media (MS) that had Thidiazuron (TDZ) or NAA plus BA added at a range of concentrations for 8 weeks. The highest percentage of callus induction was 40 % when culturing the microshoots on MS medium supplemented with NAA and BA. The best result for shoot formation was achieved when culturing the microshoots on MS medium with TDZ added. The highest number of roots was obtained when culturing the microshoots on MS medium with NAA and BA added. The in vitro-derived plantlets of G. schomburgkii Hook. f. were transplanted to pots containing different types of potting mixture in a greenhouse. The survival rates were 80 % when G. schomburgkii Hook. f. was transplanted to sand.

Effects of Sucrose on Tuberous Root Formation and Saccharide Accumulation in Manihot esculenta Crantz In Vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 225-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Hui Wu ◽  
Meng Ting Geng ◽  
Jie Fan ◽  
Yuan Yao ◽  
Yi Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Tuberous Root ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Tuberous Roots

The induction of tuberous roots of cassava in vitro is functional in MS medium containing 0.54 mM NAA, 0.44 mM BA and 3%-7% sucrose; meanwhile, the saccharide accumulation in the induced tuberous roots was increased with the sucrose content addition from 3%-7% in the inducible medium. Thus, the sucrose is an important factor for tuberous root induction in Cassava in vitro. The experimental results showed that the appropriate concentration of sucrose played a key role on the tuberous root induction in Cassava in vitro.

scholarly journals CLONAL PROPAGATION OF Gypsophila aretioides, AN IDEAL ROCK GARDEN PLANT SPECIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Leila Samiei ◽  
Mahboubeh Davoudi Pahnekolayi ◽  
Zahra Karimian
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Garden Plant ◽  
Ornamental Species

Gypsophila aretioides, a cushion form evergreen plant, is a high potential wild species ideal for the use in rock garden, or as a ground cover in sunny dry areas. This plant has the competence to be developed as a new ornamental species. The purpose of this experiment was to provide an efficient micropropagation protocol for G. aretioides in order to facilitate the availability of this species for further studies of domestication. The influence of various concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and thidiazuron (TDZ) was investigated for multiplication stage. TDZ at low concentration of 0.05 mg dm−3 resulted in the maximum shoot (9.7) and leaf (42.3) number. The shoots were best rooted on MS medium containing 0.6 mg dm–3 indolebutyric acid (IBA) with 7.8 roots per shoot. Despite achievement of a successful protocol for in vitro multiplication and root induction of Gypsophila, low survival rate was obtained when rooted explants were exposed to ex vitro conditions. This is an important issue, which requires particular consideration and further studies. The possible reasons contributing to the low acclimatization rate of this species are being discussed.

scholarly journals Establishment of Cell Suspension Culture and Plant Regeneration in Abrus precatorius L., a Rare Medicinal Plant

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Serajur RAHMAN ◽  
Mohammad Abdul Bari MIAH ◽  
Mohammad Shahadat HOSSAIN ◽  
Ahmad Humayan KABIR ◽  
Mohammad Motiur RAHMAN
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Abrus Precatorius ◽  
Isolated Cell

A new protocol has been developed for cell culture and in vitro regeneration of Abrus precatorius that holds enormous potentiality for preparation of medicines. In vitro grown calli were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) liquid media in agitated condition fortified with 0.5 mg/l 6-Benzylaminopurine. Growth curve of cells revealed that the cells continued to grow until 12 days of culture and got the highest peak from day 6-8. Isolated cell was found to produce highest 8.2% calli when suspended on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l 6-Benzylaminopurine and 0.1 mg/l 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid. Callus derived from single cell produced highest number of embryo (25-28%) cultured on MS medium fortified with 2.0 mg/l 6-Benzylaminopurine and 0.2 mg/l 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid. The bipolar embryos were selected and optimum shoot formation was recorded on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l 6-Benzylaminopurine and 0.1 mg/l 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid. The optimum root induction was noticed in MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l 3-Indolebutyric acid. Rooted plantlets were successfully transferred to potting soil and acclimatized to outdoor conditions.

scholarly journals In Vitro Regeneration, Ex Vitro Rooting and Foliar Stoma Studies of Pseudostellaria heterophylla (Miq.) Pax

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 949
Author(s):  
Fengyun Wang ◽  
Xiaowei Xin ◽  
Hao Wei ◽  
Xiaohui Qiu ◽  
Boling Liu
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Density ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Pseudostellaria Heterophylla ◽  
Stomatal Apparatus

Pseudostellaria heterophylla, in the family Caryophyllaceae, is an important Chinese medicinal plant commonly used to treat various diseases in children and valued for its ornamental properties. In this study, nodal segments were obtained from wild plants and used as explants to develop an efficient micropropagation protocol for this species. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.5 mg·L−1 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) was the most suitable medium for inducing axillary buds and enhancing their growth, and MS medium containing 0.1 mg·L−1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) was the most effective for inducing in vitro rooting. To reduce labor, time, and cost, microshoots were rooted under ex vitro conditions. Pretreatments of the shoots with 100 mg·L−1 naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) for 1 min ensured successful rooting in 86.7% of shoots. Comparison of the leaf microstructure between in vitro- and ex vitro-rooted plantlets revealed abnormal stomatal apparatus in the former. The stomatal apparatus of ex vitro plantlets were normal, although the stomatal density was reduced, which indicated that these plantlets were more likely to be able to adapt to environmental conditions in the field. We identified the optimal medium for P. heterophylla multiplication with respect to increased rooting efficiency of micropropagated shoots under ex vitro conditions. This results presented here will be helpful for agricultural cultivation of P. heterophylla.

scholarly journals Improved Rooting and Acclimatization of Micropropagated Hazelnut Shoots

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1688-1690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Nuri Nas ◽  
Paul E. Read
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Commercial Micropropagation

Microshoots of four hazelnut genotypes grown in vitro on Nas and Read medium (NRM) containing various combinations of CuSO4 • 5H2O and myo-inositol were successfully rooted and acclimatized ex vitro without any need of in vitro hardening treatments. Dipping of shoot bases in 1000 ppm indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) solution for 5 or 10 seconds followed by placement of shoots in plant growth regulator free NRM gave rise to formation of roots as early as 8 days. Shoots treated for 5 and 10 seconds rooted similarly, and depending on genotype, 88% to 98% rooting was observed within 15 days after treatment with IBA. Ex vitro survival of shoots three months after in vitro-root induction was 73% when shoots were treated with IBA for 5 seconds and 66% when shoots were treated for 10 seconds. The highest ex vitro survival rate (97%) 3 months after root induction was observed when shoots were treated with IBA solution for 10 seconds, and then cultured directly in peat pellets. Shoots developed good roots, and grew up to 70 cm in height 3 months after root induction. The potential use of rooting and acclimatization protocol for commercial micropropagation of hazelnut is presented.

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