Micromorphological variability of leaf epidermis in Mesoamerican common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, Leguminosae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian A. Stenglein ◽  
Ana M. Arambarri ◽  
Oscar N. Vizgarra ◽  
Pedro A. Balatti
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Trichome Density ◽  
Stomatal Size ◽  
Abaxial Leaf Surface ◽  
Leaf Surfaces ◽  
The Common

The purpose of this work was to make a detailed description of leaf epidermal characteristics among four Mesoamerican common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) types, since they may play a role in plant defence against pathogens and/or drought. Therefore, we studied variability of epidermal cell number per mm2, stomatal size and number per mm2, stomatal index, and trichome density and dimensions on both the adaxial and abaxial epidermal surfaces. In all the common bean types studied, both surfaces of the leaves were devoid of wax crystalloids. Trichome density and distribution differed among the common bean types. Furthermore, the abaxial leaf surface always presented more trichomes than the adaxial surface. The leaves were amphistomatic, with the guard cells located in line with epidermal cells. Common bean leaves presented paracytic, anomocytic and anisocytic stomatal types. All common beans presented the adaxial epidermis of the leaves with a lower density of bigger stomates than on the abaxial epidermis.Our results demonstrate that micromorphological characteristics on both leaf surfaces are variable traits among common bean types.

Inheritance of leaf area and hooked trichome density of the first trifoliolate leaf in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Park ◽  
P. R. Timmins ◽  
D. T. Quiring ◽  
P. Y. Jui
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Trichome Density ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Large Populations

Hooked trichomes on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants are known to function as a plant defence against phytophagous insects and rust disease, and wide genotypic variability exists for trichome density. A bean cross between small-leafed, low-trichome-density cv. Harokent (P1) and broad-leafed, high-trichome-density cv. California Dark Red Kidney (P2) was analyzed to determine the inheritance of leaf area and trichome density of the first trifoliolate leaf under controlled environments. The F1 hybrids had leaf areas similar to those of the broad-leafed parent P2, had a trichome density similar to that of P1, and had fewer trichomes per leaf than the mid-parental value. Frequency distribution of the characteristics for the F2 and backcross P1F1 were skewed toward P1 but displayed continuous variation, with means around the mid-parental values. Generation-means analysis suggested control of the characteristics by additive, dominance and epistatic gene interactions. Low narrow-sense heritability estimates were obtained for these characteristics. Significant correlations between leaf area and trichome abundance and between trichome abundance and density were obtained, but leaf area and trichome density were not correlated. Selecting small leaves with high trichome density may be accomplished, since they are independent. These two characteristics are desired in small white pea bean cultivars. However, several cycles of recurrent selection in large populations may be required to combine these two desired characteristics. Key words: Common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, inheritance, trichomes, plant defence

scholarly journals Genetic characterization at the species and symbiovar level of indigenous rhizobial isolates nodulating Phaseolus vulgaris in Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evdoxia Efstathiadou ◽  
Georgia Ntatsi ◽  
Dimitrios Savvas ◽  
Anastasia P. Tampakaki
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Phylogenetic Affiliation ◽  
Rhizobial Inoculation ◽  
Rhizobial Species ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
Rhizobial Isolates

AbstractPhaseolus vulgaris (L.), commonly known as bean or common bean, is considered a promiscuous legume host since it forms nodules with diverse rhizobial species and symbiovars. Most of the common bean nodulating rhizobia are mainly affiliated to the genus Rhizobium, though strains belonging to Ensifer, Pararhizobium, Mesorhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, and Burkholderia have also been reported. This is the first report on the characterization of bean-nodulating rhizobia at the species and symbiovar level in Greece. The goals of this research were to isolate and characterize rhizobia nodulating local common bean genotypes grown in five different edaphoclimatic regions of Greece with no rhizobial inoculation history. The genetic diversity of the rhizobial isolates was assessed by BOX-PCR and the phylogenetic affiliation was assessed by multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of housekeeping and symbiosis-related genes. A total of fifty fast-growing rhizobial strains were isolated and representative isolates with distinct BOX-PCR fingerpriniting patterns were subjected to phylogenetic analysis. The strains were closely related to R. anhuiense, R. azibense, R. hidalgonense, R. sophoriradicis, and to a putative new genospecies which is provisionally named as Rhizobium sp. I. Most strains belonged to symbiovar phaseoli carrying the α-, γ-a and γ-b alleles of nodC gene, while some of them belonged to symbiovar gallicum. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that strains assigned to R. sophoriradicis and harbored the γ-b allele were found in European soils. All strains were able to re-nodulate their original host, indicating that they are true microsymbionts of common bean.

scholarly journals Genetic gain in the breeding program of common beans at IAC from 1989 to 2007

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisson Fernando Chiorato ◽  
Sérgio Augusto Morais Carbonell ◽  
Roland Vencovsky ◽  
Nelson da Silva Fonseca Júnior ◽  
José Baldin Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
The State ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Second Period

The goal of the present work was to evaluate the genetic gain obtained in grain yield for the common bean genotypes from 1989 until 2007, at the Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, in the state of São Paulo. Genetic gain has been separated into two research periods; the first, from 1989 to 1996, and the second, from 1997 to 2007. In the first period, a genetic gain of 1.07 % per year was obtained, whereas for the second period, the gain was zero. However, the mean yield of the evaluated lines was approximately 1000 kg ha-1 superior to the figures obtained in the first period. The main cause for the absence of genetic gain in the second period is that the focus of the breeding program was changed to grain quality. The individualized analysis of the genotypes with carioca grains in the second period indicated the lack of genetic gain during the investigated period.

scholarly journals Effect of Soaking Prior to Cooking on the Levels of Phytate and Tannin of the Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) and the Protein Value

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabete HELBIG ◽  
Admar Costa de OLIVEIRA ◽  
Keila da Silva QUEIROZ ◽  
Soely Maria Pissini Machado REIS
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals Use of BABA and INA As Activators of a Primed State in the Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keren Martínez-Aguilar ◽  
Gabriela Ramírez-Carrasco ◽  
José Luis Hernández-Chávez ◽  
Aarón Barraza ◽  
Raúl Alvarez-Venegas
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Primed State ◽  
The Common
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