scholarly journals Additive and Heterotic Genetic Effects in the Haplo-diploid Honeybee Apis Mellifera

1987 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
BP Oldroyd ◽  
C Moran
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Reciprocal Effects ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects ◽  
Partial Diallel

Nine lines of honeybees were used to form a 9 x 9 partial diallel cross. Hamuli number was determined for samples of worker offspring. One set of workers was reared in non-maternal colonies which had been made uniform, as far as possible, with respect to colony strength (number of workers), while another set was sampled directly from the combs of each maternal colony. Combining ability analysis of variance revealed significant additive and non-additive genetic effects for both sets of data, regardless of whether inbred parentals were included or excluded from the analysis. Uniform rearing removed average heterosis and reciprocal effects.

GENOTYPE × ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS IN SMOOTH BROMEGRASS. I. YIELD

1979 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai-Koon Tan ◽  
Geok-Yong Tan ◽  
P. D. Walton
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Half Diallel

Twenty-one progenies and the parents of a 7 × 7 half diallel cross of smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) were evaluated at four locations in Alberta in each of two years, for genetic variation and genetic by environment interactions in the expression of their yield potentials. Years, locations and their interactions were highly significant in the combined analysis of variance. Combining ability analysis revealed that general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were both important in the expression of yield, including spring, fall and annual yield, whereas GCA was more important than SCA for yield per area. Although the genotype × environment interactions were all highly significant, variation accounted for by combining ability effects was generally higher than the interaction effects of GCA and SCA respectively, with environments. High average GCA effects for spring, fall and annual yield were demonstrated for the clones UA5, UA9 and B42. These together with the high average SCA effects suggested that the three clones could be included in a synthetic to develop high yielding cultivars. The results suggested that recurrent selections involving multi-location and multi-year testing seems necessary in breeding for high yielding bromegrass cultivars in Alberta.

scholarly journals Genetic effects on seed quality in diallel crosses of popcorn

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 502-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Diego Silva Cabral ◽  
Antonio Teixeira do Amaral Júnior ◽  
Henrique Duarte Vieira ◽  
Juliana Saltires Santos ◽  
Ismael Lourenço de Jesus Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Reciprocal Effects ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Complete Diallel Cross ◽  
The Ideal

The failure to obtain the ideal stand is one of the causes of decreased crop yields, in this sense it is important to investigate the genetic effects related to seed quality. The aim of this study was to measure the general combining ability (GCA), the specific combining ability (SCA) and the reciprocal effects (RE) for popcorn seed quality in addition to evaluate the association between germination and vigor tests with field emergencein order to identify hybrids with better germination and vigour. Ten inbred lines were evaluated using a complete diallel cross with reciprocals. Seed quality was measured by germination tests (GT) and by modified cold vigour tests (MCV). In the GT, the numbers of strong normal seedlings (SNS), weak normal (WNS), abnormal (AS) and ungerminated seeds (UGS) were counted. In the MCV, the numbers of normal seedlings (NPC), abnormal (ASC) and ungerminated seeds (UGSC) were counted, and the plants' dry matter (DM) was measured. Analysis of variance for GCA, SCA and RE were significant for all variables. The quadratic components for SCA were higher than those for GCA for the SNS, AS, UGS, ASC and UGSC traits, which indicates higher significance for the non-additive effects. The most favourable GCA estimates, were found in lines P3 and L70. The best hybrids were P1xL70, P3xP6 and P8xL70. The RE results showed that L70 and P3 should be used as the female parent in the P1xL70 and P3xP6 hybrid crosses, respectively. The MCV was the test that was most strongly correlated with field emergence, with a magnitude of 0.667.

scholarly journals The partial circulant diallel cross at the interpopulation level

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
José B. Miranda Filho ◽  
Roland Vencovsky
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Alternative Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Partial Diallel

The partial circulant diallel cross mating scheme of Kempthorne and Curnow (Biometrics 17: 229-250, 1961) was adapted for the evaluation of genotypes in crosses at the interpopulation level. Considering a random sample of n lines from base population I, and that each line is crossed with s lines from opposite population II, there will be ns sampled crosses that are evaluated experimentally. The means of the ns sampled crosses and the remaining n(n - s) crosses can be predicted by the reduced model <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/0291e1.gif" align="absmiddle"> where Yij is the mean of the cross between line i (i = 1,2,...,n) of population I and line j (j = 1',2',...,n') of population II; µ is the general mean, and gi and gj refer to general combining ability effects of lines from populations I and II, respectively. Specific combining ability (Sij) is estimated by the difference <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/0291e2.gif" align="absmiddle">. The sequence of crosses for each line (i) is [i x j], [i x (j + 1)], [i x (j + 2)], ..., [i x (j + s -1)], starting with i = j = 1 for convenience. Any j + s -1 > n is reduced by subtracting n. A prediction procedure is suggested by changing gi and gj by the contrasts <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_ti.gif" alt="s_ti.gif (188 bytes)"> i = <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_ytra.gif" alt="s_ytra.gif (986 bytes)"> i. - <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_ytra.gif" align="absmiddle"> .. and <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_ti.gif" align="absmiddle">j = <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_ytra.gif" align="absmiddle">.j - <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_ytra.gif" align="absmiddle">..; the correlation coefficient (r) was used to compare the efficiency of <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_gtil.gif" align="absmiddle">'s and <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_tiac.gif" align="absmiddle">'s for selection of lines and crosses. The analysis of variance is performed with the complete model Yij = µ + gi + gj + sij + <img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_e_.gif" align="absmiddle">ij, and the sum of squares due to general combining ability is considered for each population separately. An alternative analysis of variance is proposed for estimation of the variance components at the interpopulation level. An analysis of ear length of maize in a partial diallel cross with n = 10 and s = 3 was used for illustration. For the 30 interpopulation crosses analyzed the coefficient of determination (R2), involving observed and estimated hybrid means, was high for the reduced (g) model [R2 (<img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_yac.gif" align="absmiddle">ij, Yij) = 0.960] and smaller for the simplified (<img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_ti.gif" align="absmiddle">) model [R2 (<img src="http:/img/fbpe/gmb/v22n2/s_yac.gif" align="absmiddle">ij, Yij) = 0.889]. Results indicated that the proposed procedure may furnish reliable estimates of means of hybrids not available in the partial diallel.

scholarly journals Heterosis and Combining Ability Studies and Relationship Among Fruit and Seed Characters in Peanut1

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Dwivedi ◽  
K. Thendapani ◽  
S. N. Nigam
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Seed Traits ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Seed Characters ◽  
Maternal Interaction ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects

Abstract F1 progenies from an 8 × 8 full diallel cross were studied for the inheritance of fruit yield and fruit and seed characters which are important in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) quality breeding. Substantial genetic variaton was observed for most characters among parents and crosses. Presence of significant heterotic crosses for several characters was an indication of genetic diversity present among the parental lines. Whereas fruit and seed traits were controlled largely by additive genetic effects and fruits/plant and fruit weight/plant by nonadditive genetic effects, for shelling percentage both were equally important. Estimates of general combining ability (gca) for ICGV 86564 was best for various fruit and seed traits. Other genotypes with good gca were ICG 2379 and ICG 3043 for fruit weight/plant and ICGV 87123 for shelling percentage. ICG 4906, ICG 7360, and ICGV 86564 showed significant maternal effects for various traits. Significant maternal interaction effect was evident for more than six traits in six crosses. A positive association among fruit and seed traits, and of fruit weight/plant with fruit number and with fruit/seed length and width should result in progenies with larger fruit/seed size coupled with increased yields.

Diallel crosses of honeybees. II A note presenting an estimate of the heritability of honey production under Australian conditions

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 651 ◽  
Author(s):  
BP Oldroyd ◽  
C Moran ◽  
FW Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Phenotypic Standard Deviation ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Partial Diallel

A partial diallel cross of honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) was formed. Combining ability analysis of variance was used to estimate additive and non-additive genetic variance in seasonal colony weight gain for the artificial 'population' studied. The values determined were: general combining ability variance, 12.14 kg2 (s.e., 11.42); specific combining ability variance, 11 -96 kg2 (s.e., 13.71); environmental variance, 21.65 kg2 (s.e., 8.84); heritability of honey production, 0.42 (s.e., 0.24). The phenotypic standard deviation was 7.6 kg.The results suggest that selection for colony weight gain would be successful.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis and Combining Ability Studies for Yield Related Characters in Rapeseed

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 748
Author(s):  
Aamar Shehzad ◽  
Hafeez Ahmad Sadaqat ◽  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Muhammad Furqan Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Sum Of Squares ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Hybrid Combination ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects

Combining ability analysis has a key position in rapeseed breeding. To estimate the combining ability effects for yield controlling traits in rapeseed, three testers and five lines were crossed using line × tester design in randomized complete block design with three replications. Mean sum of squares of analysis of variances for genotypes were significant for all of the traits; indicating the presence of significant genetic variation. All the interactions between lines and testers exhibited significant results of mean sum of squares for combining ability. Line ‘Duncled’ was found good general combiner for decreased Plant height (PH:-2.0), Days taken to 50% flowering (DF: -15.8) and Days taken to maturity (DM:-3.4) while tester ‘Punjab Sarson” for increased Number of seed/siliqua (SS: 2.2), Number of siliquae/plant (SP: 2.2) and decreased DF (-3.0) traits. Significant general and specific combining ability effects were observed. The best hybrid combination on the basis of specific combining ability effects was “Durre-NIFA × ZN-M-6” for Seed yield/plant (SY: 2.7), DF (-6.1) and DM (-3.5). PH (-0.2), Siliqua length (SL: -0.1), SS (-0.03) and SY (0.2) showed non-additive genetic effects. The half of the characters revealed additive and remaining half showed non-additive genetic effects. The present study unveiled the importance of both type of genetic effects demanding the application of integrated breeding approaches for exploiting the variability. ‘Punjab Sarson × ZN-M-6’ exposed maximum SS (30) and SP (837). Maximum SY (75.9g) and minimum DF (64) were showed by ‘Legend × Duncled’. The present research delivers valuable information of genotypes for promoting yield by means of improving yield related characters.

Combining Ability of Plant Height and Yield components in Indian Mustard (Brassica junceaL.Czern & Coss.) under Salt affected Soil using Line×Tester Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SHAILESH CHAND GAUTAM ◽  
MP Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects

Line × tester analysis of twenty lines and three testers of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss.) cultivars were used to estimate general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA) effects, high parent heterosis and narrow-sense heritability estimate for plant height, yield components and seed yield. Significant variance of line x tester for the traits like pods per plant and seed yield indicating non additive genetic effects have important role for controlling these traits. Significant mean squares of parents v/s crosses which are indicating significant average heterosis were also significant for all the traits except seeds per pod. High narrow-sense heritability estimates for all the traits except seeds per pod exhibited the prime importance of additive genetic effects for these traits except seeds per pod. Most of the crosses with negative SCA effect for plant height had at least one parent with significant negative or negative GCA effect for this trait. For most of the traits except pods per plant, the efficiency of high parent heterosis effect was more than SCA effect for determining superior cross combinations.

scholarly journals Association between Griffing's diallel and the adaptability and stability of Eberhart and Russel

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleso Antônio Patto Pacheco ◽  
Cosme Damião Cruz ◽  
Manoel Xavier dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects ◽  
F1 Cross

The objective of the present work was to provide a methodology to study the inheritance of adaptability and stability through the breakdown of Eberhart and Russell regression coefficients and regression deviations in effects due to the mean and additive genetic effects (gi's and gj's) as well as dominance effects (sij's) of Griffing´s methodology, when the diallel is conducted in several environments. It was concluded that the adaptability and stability parameters are determined in the same manner as are genetic effects. So an F1 cross inherits half the general combining ability (GCA) mean effect from each parent, while the effects due to specific combining ability (SCA) are subjected to the same considerations relative to sij's, i.e., they are dependent on specific combinations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document