scholarly journals Essential Fatty Acids in the Fetal and Newborn Lamb

1985 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Rajion ◽  
JG McLean ◽  
R NP Cahill
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Status ◽  
Newborn Lamb ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Fetal Lamb ◽  
Acid Status ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Long Chain

The concentrations of linoleic and linolenic acids and their metabolites in the liver, kidney, brain, erythrocytes and plasma of fetal lambs at various stages of gestation, and of newborn and 2-week-01d suckled lambs was determined. Throughout gestation the fetal tissues, erythrocytes and plasma all contained low levels of linoleic and linolenic acids together with consistently high levels of their long-chain polyunsaturated metabolites. The triene : tetraene (eicosa-5,8, 11-trienoic acid/arachidonic acid) ratio was always 0 . 4 or less except at birth when it reached 0 . 6 in liver and 0 . 9 in plasma. Milk intake significantly increased the linoleic and linolenic acid levels in the lamb by 2 weeks after birth. These results show that the developing fetal lamb should not be regarded as being deficient in essential fatty acids, as suggested by previous investigators. It is proposed that the total metabolites of linoleic and linolenic acids are the most appropriate measure of the essential fatty acid status of the fetal lamb.

scholarly journals Essential and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid status and fatty acid composition of breast milk of lactating adolescents

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 1029-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Meneses ◽  
Alexandre G. Torres ◽  
Nádia M. F. Trugo
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Status ◽  
Plasma Nefa ◽  
Acid Status ◽  
Long Chain

The aims of the present study were to evaluate essential fatty acids (EFA) and long-chain PUFA (LCPUFA) status in lactating adolescents and its association with breast milk composition. Healthy nursing adolescents from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (n 30; 14–19 years; 30–120 d postpartum), exclusively or predominantly breast-feeding, participated in this study. Breast milk and blood samples were collected after overnight fasting. Fatty acid composition of breast milk, erythrocyte membrane (EM) and plasma NEFA were determined by GC. Indices of fatty acid status (mean melting point (MMP); EFA status index; DHA status indices, 22 : 5n-6:22 : 4n-6 and 22 : 6n-3:22 : 5n-6 ratios) were calculated from EM fatty acid composition. Dietary intake of n-3 fatty acids was low when compared with current recommendations for lactating women. MMP was associated with indices of DHA status, some individual fatty acids in EM and years post-menarche and weeks postpartum, suggesting the use of erythrocyte MMP as a possible comprehensive biochemical marker of LCPUFA status in this physiological condition. The DHA status of lactating adolescents and their milk DHA concentrations were similar to the values of Brazilian lactating adults, but lower compared with the values of lactating adults from other countries. Therefore, these lactating adolescents were apparently not disadvantaged, as compared with the Brazilian adults, when EM and breast milk fatty acid composition were considered. In general, PUFA in milk from adolescents presented few associations with their concentrations in plasma NEFA and with maternal status. However, milk DHA was associated with maternal LCPUFA and DHA states.

Telomere Length in Healthy Adults Is Positively Associated With Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Including Arachidonic Acid, and Negatively With Saturated Fatty Acids

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Varinderpal S Dhillon ◽  
Permal Deo ◽  
Ann Chua ◽  
Phil Thomas ◽  
Michael Fenech
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Status ◽  
Acid Status

Abstract Lymphocyte telomere length (LTL) is a biomarker of aging that may be modified by dietary factors including fat. Red blood cell fatty acid status is a well-validated indicator of long-term dietary intake of fat from various sources. Recent findings from epidemiological studies of LTL in relation to fatty acids in red blood cells are not conclusive. The present study was carried out to investigate if red blood cell fatty acid status in 174 healthy older South Australians is associated with LTL. Lymphocyte telomere length was measured by real-time qPCR and fatty acid content in red blood cells was measured by gas chromatography. Our results indicate that the majority of saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids are negatively associated with LTL, whereas polyunsaturated fatty acids are positively associated with LTL. Multiple regression analysis revealed that arachidonic acid (C20:4n-6) is significantly, independently, positively correlated with LTL (β = 0.262; p = .000). The significant association of fatty acids, particularly C20:4n-6, with telomere length warrants further research.

scholarly journals Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids promote antibacterial and inflammation-resolving effects in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected C3HeB/FeJ mice, dependent on fatty acid status

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Arista Nienaber ◽  
Mumin Ozturk ◽  
Robin C. Dolman ◽  
Renee Blaauw ◽  
Lizelle Zandberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Lipid Mediator ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Fatty Acid Status ◽  
Lower Lung ◽  
Acid Status ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Long Chain

Abstract Non-resolving inflammation is characteristic of tuberculosis (TB). Given their inflammation-resolving properties, omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) may support TB treatment. This research aimed to investigate the effects of n-3 LCPUFA on clinical and inflammatory outcomes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-infected C3HeB/FeJ mice with either normal or low n-3 PUFA status before infection. Using a two-by-two design, uninfected mice were conditioned on either an n-3 PUFA-sufficient (n-3FAS) or -deficient (n3FAD) diet for six weeks. One week post-infection, mice were randomised to either n-3 LCPUFA supplemented (n-3FAS/n-3+ and n3FAD/n3+) or continued on n-3FAS or n3FAD diets for three weeks. Mice were euthanised and fatty acid status, lung bacterial load and pathology, cytokine, lipid mediator, and immune cell phenotype analysed. n-3 LCPUFA supplementation in n-3FAS mice lowered lung bacterial loads (P=0·003), T cells (P=0·019), CD4+ T cells (P=0·014), IFN-γ (P<0·001) and promoted a pro-resolving lung lipid mediator profile. Compared with n-3FAS mice, the n-3FAD group had lower bacterial loads (P=0·037), significantly higher immune cell recruitment and a more pro-inflammatory lipid mediator profile, however, significantly lower lung IFN-γ, IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-17, and supplementation in the n-3FAD group provided no beneficial effect on lung bacterial load or inflammation. Our study provides the first evidence that n-3 LCPUFA supplementation has antibacterial and inflammation-resolving benefits in TB when provided one week after infection in the context of a sufficient n-3 PUFA status. Whilst a low n-3 PUFA status may promote better bacterial control and lower lung inflammation not benefiting from n-3 LCPUFA supplementation.

Essential Fatty Acid Status in Premature Newborns Fed by Nasoduodenal Technique

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Iolanda Minoli ◽  
Bernardo Coppalini ◽  
Claudio Galli ◽  
Guido Moro
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Fatty Acid Status ◽  
Premature Newborns ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Acid Status ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid Status

The fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipids and the triene (20:3, n=9) to tetraene (20:4, n=6) ratio in the same lipid fraction have been determined, as indices of the essential fatty acid status, in a group of 22 healthy premature newborns fed by the nasoduodenal technique. Determinations have been carried out on the first and fifth day of life for all 22 newborns, and also on the tenth and 30th day of life for 12 of them. The normal plasma levels of essential fatty acids obtained indicate a satisfactory utilization of dietary essential fatty acids under these unusual nutritional conditions.

scholarly journals The polyunsaturated fatty acid status of the twin foetal lamb and the effect of maternal nutrient intake

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
E. Payne ◽  
P. V. Rattray
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Fatty Acid Status ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
Acid Status ◽  
Fatty Acid Deficiency ◽  
Foetal Lamb

1. Restriction of food to ewes bearing twin lambs showed a trend to decrease the level of ω6 fatty acids in muscle phospholipids of the foetus though this was not significant statistically (P < 0·05).2. There was a significant increase in the fatty acid ratio, 20:3ω9:20:4ω6 in the twin lambs as compared with single lambs.3. There were no symptoms of polyunsaturated fatty acid deficiency.

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