scholarly journals The Effect of Cryptorchidism on the Quantitative Histology, Histochemistry and Hydrolytic Enzyme Activity of the Rat Testis

1978 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
AW Blackshaw ◽  
PF Massey
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Meiotic Prophase ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzyme ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Quantitative Histology ◽  
Rat Testis ◽  
Germinal Cells ◽  
Enzyme Patterns

Cryptorchidism of the mature rat testis led to degeneration of the seminiferous tubules and changes in enzyme patterns and activities. Spermatogenic stages 1--4, containing pachytene primary spermatocytes in late meiotic prophase, and stage 5, containing recently formed round spermatids, were damaged by 48 h. Within 96 h stages showed a loss of germinal cells into the lumen and this was almost complete by 192 h.

CONVERSION OF PROGESTERONE TO ANDROGENS BY NON-FLAGELLATE GERMINAL CELLS ISOLATED FROM SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES OF RAT TESTIS

1974 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. GALENA ◽  
C. TERNER
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Isotonic Saline ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Rat Testis ◽  
Germinal Cells

SUMMARY A method is described for the isolation of non-flagellate germinal cells of the testis. The interstitial cells were removed by submersion of teased seminiferous tubules in distilled water. The interstitial cells exposed to water burst while the germinal cells inside the tubules remained intact. The tubules were then homogenized in isotonic saline and the non-flagellate germinal cells (spermatocytes and young spermatids) were isolated by centrifugation and filtration through a layer of Sephadex G-25 gel. On incubation with progesterone these cells produced 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione, and testosterone. The rate of conversion of progesterone to testosterone in vitro was 0·20 μg/h/109 germinal cells. These results suggest that the non-flagellate germinal cells of the testis may make a significant contribution to the production of androgens.

scholarly journals HISTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION OF CERTAIN OXIDATIVE ENZYMES IN THE RAT TESTIS

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 587-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. AMBADKAR ◽  
J. C. GEORGE
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Succinic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Lactic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Malic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Rat Testis ◽  
Subcellular Level

The localization and distribution of β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, succinic dehydrogenase, malic dehydrogenase, and lactic dehydrogenase in the rat testis have been studied histochemically. Intense enzyme activity in the interstitium as well as tubules was observed. However, malic dehydrogenase was found to be more active in the interstitium than in the tubules. The distribution pattern of enzyme activity appeared in four different phases in the seminiferous tubules corresponding to the gradient in the spermatogenetic wave, thereby indicating a metabolic adaptation at subcellular level.

Steroidogenic enzyme activity in the rat testis following Leydig cell destruction by ethylene-1,2-dimethanesulphonate and during subsequent Leydig cell regeneration

1991 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. O'Shaughnessy ◽  
L. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Leydig Cell ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Cell Regeneration ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Steroidogenic Enzyme ◽  
Control Activity ◽  
Rat Testis ◽  
Cell Destruction

ABSTRACT Ethylene-1,2-dimethanesulphonate (EDS) rapidly destroys Leydig cells in the rat testis, although repopulation occurs within 5–7 weeks. In this study we have examined the activity of testicular steroidogenic enzymes after Leydig cell destruction and during regeneration. This was designed to measure the contribution of cells, other than Leydig cells, to steroidogenic activity in the testis, and to determine whether changes in steroidogenic enzyme activity during Leydig cell regeneration after EDS parallel those which occur during normal Leydig cell development. The enzymes studied are those responsible for androgen synthesis and metabolism in the testis. Adult male Wistar rats (300–350 g) were injected with EDS (100 mg/kg, i.p.) and testicular steroidogenic enzyme activity was measured on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 35. On day 3, when no Leydig cells remain in the testis, cholesterol side-chain cleavage (CSCC) activity, per testis, declined to undetectable levels, while 3βhydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3βHSD) and 17α-hydroxylase retained only 0·04 and 0·15% of control activity respectively. In contrast, 17-ketosteroid reductase (17-KSR) and 5α-reductase retained 33 and 10% of control activity respectively. On day 7 there was a further loss of 17-KSR activity (to 20% of control) but no change in other enzymes. The 17-KSR activity remaining on day 7 after EDS was contained almost exclusively in the seminiferous tubules, while the low 3β-HSD activity remaining was confined largely to the interstitial tissue. Other enzymes showed a more even distribution between the two compartments. On day 14 after EDS there was a tenfold increase in 3β-HSD activity (compared with day 7), with no change in CSCC, 17α-hydroxylase or 5α-reductase and a further loss of 17-KSR (to 11% of control). Between days 14 and 21 there were marked increases in the activities of CSCC, 3β-HSD, and 17α-hydroxylase, while 17-KSR showed no change in activity from day 14. Activity of 5α-reductase increased between days 14 and 21 to levels greater than those seen in control animals. By day 35 the activities of all enzymes had returned to control levels. The results show that, in the adult rat testis, the activities of CSCC, 3β-HSD and 17α-hydroxylase are confined, almost entirely, to the Leydig cells, and only 17-KSR shows significant activity in another cell type. During regeneration of Leydig cells after EDS the pattern of changes in enzyme activity is very similar to that seen in the normal development of the adult population of Leydig cells. Journal of Endocrinology (1991) 131, 451–457

Evidence for microbial attenuation of particle flux in the Amundsen Gulf and Beaufort Sea: elevated hydrolytic enzyme activity on sinking aggregates

Polar Biology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 2007-2023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen T. E. Kellogg ◽  
Shelly D. Carpenter ◽  
Alisha A. Renfro ◽  
Amélie Sallon ◽  
Christine Michel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Particle Flux ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzyme ◽  
Beaufort Sea ◽  
Amundsen Gulf

Absence of a nuclear androgen receptor in isolated germinal cells of rat testis

1977 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Grootegoed ◽  
M.J. Peters ◽  
E. Mulder ◽  
F.F.G. Rommerts ◽  
H.J. Van Der Molen
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Rat Testis ◽  
Germinal Cells

scholarly journals Expression and localization of the mRNA for DNA (cytosine-5)- methyltransferase in mouse seminiferous tubules.

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 1271-1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Numata ◽  
T Ono ◽  
S Iseki
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Meiotic Prophase ◽  
Oligonucleotide Probe ◽  
Mouse Testis ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Hybridization Histochemistry ◽  
In Situ Hybridization Histochemistry

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase (DNA MTase) is the only enzyme known to be involved in the methylation of mammalian DNA. Although the expression of DNA MTase gene is abundant in the testis, little is known about the role of this enzyme during spermatogenesis. We examined the distribution of DNA MTase mRNA in mouse testis by in situ hybridization histochemistry with an oligonucleotide probe. The mRNA signal was observed in the seminiferous tubules and was localized predominantly in spermatogonia and spermatocytes, particularly during the earlier steps of meiotic prophase I, with maximal intensity in the early pachytene cells. These results suggest some significant role for DNA MTase in spermatogenesis.

Resonant Sensors for Low-Cost, Contact-Free Measurement of Hydrolytic Enzyme Activity in Closed Systems

ACS Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 1489-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaf Charkhabi ◽  
Andee M. Beierle ◽  
Marshall D. McDaniel ◽  
Nigel F. Reuel
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzyme ◽  
Resonant Sensors ◽  
Closed Systems ◽  
Contact Free

scholarly journals Toxicity and Reproductive Parameters Impairment of Cypermethrin in Male Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertin Narcisse Vemo ◽  
Augustave Kenfack ◽  
Ferdinand Ngoula ◽  
Edouard Akono Nantia ◽  
Claude Cedric Njieudeu Ngaleu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Prostatic Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Total Protein Level ◽  
Germinal Cells

Cypermethrin is a large spectrum action insecticide, globally employed to control pests in agriculture and some human and domestic animals ectoparasites. This study aimed to evaluate its toxicity and reproduction impairment in male guinea pig. Forty adult male guinea pigs were divided into 4 groups and orally submitted to 0, 92, 137.5 and 275 mg/kg body weight/day for 90 days. The weight of the liver increased significantly, while that of kidneys decreased significantly in treated animals compared to controls. Serum concentrations of creatinine, urea, ALAT, ASAT, total cholesterol, prostatic acid phosphatase increased significantly, while the testicular total protein level decreased significantly in groups given the insecticide relatively to the control. The testes weight, libido, serum level of testosterone, mobility, sperm count and the percentage of spermatozoa with entire plasma membrane decreased significantly in animals exposed to cypermethrin with reference to controls. The percentages of abnormal spermatozoa increased significantly in animals submitted to 137.5 or 275 mg/kg body weight (bw) of cypermethrin compared to control ones. On the testis histological sections of pesticide-treated animals, immature germinal cells were observed in the lumen of seminiferous tubules. Cypermethrin was toxic in male guinea pig and damaged reproductive parameters.

scholarly journals Hydrolytic enzyme activity enhanced by Barium supplementation

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilo Muñoz ◽  
◽  
Fernando G. Fermoso ◽  
Mariella Rivas ◽  
Juan M. Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzyme
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