scholarly journals Artificial Induction of Lactation in Ewes: The Relative Importance of Oxytocin and the Milking Stimulus

1975 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
WJ Fulkerson ◽  
GH McDowell
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Glands ◽  
The Other ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Artificial Induction ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Eight ovariectomized and four intact ewes were given oestrogen plus progesterone to develop the mammary glands. The intact ewes (group A) and four ovariectomized ewes (group B) then received four injections each day of 1 i.u. syntocinon for 5 days whereas the other four ovariectomized ewes (group C) received placebo injections of 0�9 % saline. Milking commenced the day after the last of these injections.

scholarly journals Short-term evaluation of an intra-articular technique for cranial cruciate ligament rupture in dogs using nylon or polyester

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 593
Author(s):  
Tiago Carmagnani Prada ◽  
Anderson Coutinho da Silva ◽  
Bruno Watanabe Minto
Keyword(s):  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
The Other ◽  
Polyester Yarn ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Limb Function ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Ligament Rupture ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture

Cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCrLR) is a common condition found in the small animal routine, being correlated to traumas, obesity, genetic factors, and primary osteoarthritis (OA) in dogs. Affected animals show articular instability that, if not corrected surgically, may cause secondary OA and loss of limb function. The aim of this study was to compare short-term results of the intra-articular technique for knee stabilization after CCrLR using a surgical button associated with polyester yarn (Group A), the surgical button associated with nylon yarn (Group B), and surgical toggle associated with polyester yarn (Group C). Eighteen dogs presenting CCrLR, weight varying from 5 to 35 kg, and different sex and breed were divided into three groups of six individuals. OA radiographic grade, pre- and post-operative lameness, surgical time, and the macroscopic aspect of cartilage were assessed. The intra-articular technique was performed by passing a suture through two tunnels, drilled in the femoral condyle and tibial crest to stabilize the knee joint. Twelve animals presented a decreased lameness and normal limb function after 15 days. On the other hand, four dogs from Group B presented complications: two dogs had suture rupture after 30 days and other two showed muscular contracture with decreased range of motion, followed by loss of limb function. In Group A, one dog showed suture rupture after 15 days and other had suture infection after 30 days. In Group C, dogs recovered normal limb function without complications. Therefore, surgical toggle associated with polyester yarn was better than the other studied materials.

scholarly journals Efficacy of High-Power Laser in Alleviating Pain and Improving Function of Patients With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Farshad Nouri ◽  
Seyed Ahmad Raeissadat ◽  
Dariush Eliaspour ◽  
Seyed Mansoor Rayegani ◽  
Maryam Sadat Rahimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
The Other ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Group A ◽  
Laser Group ◽  
Group B ◽  
Single Blind ◽  
Post Therapy

Introduction: In this study, a single-blind and randomized controlled trial (RCT) for assessing the effectiveness of high-power (up to 12 W) laser therapy (HPLT) on patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) was carried out. Methods: Forty-four patients were randomly assigned to two treatment groups by generating random numbers with MATLAB 2014b software, where odd and even numbers were attributed to sham laser group (group A) and actual laser group (group B), respectively. Group B patients underwent HPLT with total dose of 300 J/session for 5 consecutive sessions separated by a 2-day interval. On the other hand, sham laser was applied to group A patients. Both groups had the same exercise therapy programs during the study period (3 months). The exercise therapy program included isometric knee exercise for 3 sets per day and 10 times in each set, with duration of 10 seconds per time and straight leg raise for 15 seconds 10 times a day. The group codes of patients were not revealed to subjects and data analyzer until completion of the study. Kujala, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and visual analog scale (VAS) questionnaires were chosen as outcome measures. These questionnaires were completed at three points during the study; at the beginning of the study to obtain the pre-therapy conditions and one month and three months after the start of the study to evaluate post-therapy conditions. Results: Two main analyses were conducted: within-group and between-group analyses. Withingroup analyses indicated significant improvements in respect to all measurements where pretherapy and post-therapy comparisons were conducted in both groups (P < 0.05). On the other hand, between-group comparisons did not reveal any statistically significant functional difference between group A and group B regarding the evaluative criteria (P > 0.05) except for pain VAS (P < 0.05). Conclusion: This study indicated that short-term HPLT accompanied by appropriate exercise regimen significantly decreased pain in patients with PFPS. But it was not recommended as an efficient modality in functional improvement. Also, it was observed that, in the short-term period of study, HPLT was a safe modality.

Effects of Allogenic Dermal Fibroblasts on Rotator Cuff Healing in a Rabbit Model of Chronic Tear

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1901-1908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieun Kwon ◽  
Yun Hee Kim ◽  
Sung-Min Rhee ◽  
Tae In Kim ◽  
Jimin Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
The Other ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Load To Failure ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: The failure of rotator cuffs to heal after repair is an unresolved surgical issue. There have been substantial efforts, including the use of biological supplements, to enhance tendon healing. Dermal fibroblasts are a good candidate for tendon tissue engineering because they are similar to the tenocytes used for collagen synthesis. In addition, they are easily accessible because autologous dermal fibroblasts can be obtained from individual skin without major skin defects and allogenic dermal fibroblasts (ADFs) have already been commercialized in the field of skin engineering. Purpose: To determine the effects of dermal fibroblasts on tendon-to-bone healing in a rabbit model of a chronic rotator cuff tear. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 33 rabbits were randomly allocated into 3 groups (n = 11 each). Supraspinatus tendons were detached and left for 6 weeks to establish a chronic rotator tear model. Torn tendons were repaired in a transosseous manner with the injection of 5 × 106 ADFs with fibrin in group A, fibrin only in group B, and saline only in group C. At 12 weeks after repair, the mechanical test and histological evaluation were performed. Results: Seven rabbits died before the evaluation (1 in group A, 2 in group B, 4 in group C). In the final evaluation, the mean ± SD load to failure was 48.1 ± 13.3 N/kg for group A, 34.5 ± 8.9 N/kg for group B, and 31.1 ± 8.3 N/kg for group C, and group A showed significantly higher load-to-failure values than the other groups ( P = .011). The midsubstance tear rate, which presented stronger tendon-to-bone healing than insertional tear, was 50.0% in group A, 22.2% in group B, 28.6% in group C, but the differences were not statistically significant ( P = .413). In the histological evaluation, group A showed greater collagen fiber continuity and better orientation than the other groups. Conclusion: This controlled laboratory study verified, on the basis of biomechanics and histology, the potential for the use of ADFs in rotator cuff healing. The current results suggest a new biological supplement to increase the rate of rotator cuff healing. Clinical Relevance: The most important finding of this study was the potential for a new biological supplement to enhance rotator cuff healing—a continuing challenge.

Sequential versus Alternating Regimens in the Treatment of Advanced Breast Cancer

1989 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Fernández Giachella ◽  
Carlos Gálvez ◽  
Carlos Rufino ◽  
Adelina Rufino ◽  
Federico Morera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Advanced Breast Cancer ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Advanced Breast ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trial Group ◽  
Duration Of Response ◽  
Group A ◽  
Alternate Forms ◽  
Group B

With the object of proving whether seqeuntial or alternate forms of chemotherapy would be advantageous one over the other in treating advanced breast cancer and with the purpose of evaluating two different anthracyclines at equimolecular doses in the above-mentioned alternating regimens, 250 patients who had received no prior chemo- or hormonotherapy were entered in a prospective randomized trial. Group A was administered 4-epiadriamycin and cyclophosphamide for 8 courses, followed by 6 cycles of CMF, and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) from the beginning of therapy until progression. In group B, adriamycin + cyclophosphamide were alternated with CMF every two courses until 14 cycles were completed. Group C received 4'-epiadriamycin + cyclophosphamide alternated with CMF for 14 courses. In groups B and C, MPA was administered as in group A. Two hundred and twenty-four patients were evaluated. CR+PR were observed in 55.8 % of group A, 43.4 % of group B, and 46.4 % of group C. Median duration of responses was 16 months (m) in group A, 13 m in group B and 20 m in group C., and median survival (CR + PR) was 16.5 m in group A, 16 m in group B and 24 m in group C. There were no statsitically significant differences among the three groups in terms of response rate, duration of response and survival; furthermore, toxicity was moderate in all groups. At equimolecular doses there were no differences between adriamycin and epirubicin in the alternating schedules.

scholarly journals The association between blood groups and maxillofacial deformities

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (02) ◽  
pp. 138-140
Author(s):  
Rasoul Gheisari ◽  
Mehdi Ghoreishian ◽  
Movahedian Bijan ◽  
Roozbehi Amrolah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group Distribution

ABSTRACT Background: Blood group is a genetic characteristic which is associated with some diseases and deformities. Multifactorial characteristics of facial development make it difficult to predict a genetic pattern in a specific maxillofacial deformity, but epidemiological evaluations can reveal relationships between such deformities and some genetic characteristics or accompanied diseases, and this will help to recognise and treat them. The aim of this study is evaluation of the relationship between blood groups and maxillofacial deformities. Materials and Methods: In this study, blood groups of 190 patients with maxillofacial deformities who had had orthognathic surgery in Alzahra hospital, Isfahan, were compared with the general Iranian population. Results: Among 190 patients, 93 cases (49%) were men and 97 cases (51%) were women. Fifteen cases (8%) were < 20 years old, 130 cases (68%) were 20-30 years old, and the others (45 cases, 24%) were > 30 years old. The blood group distribution in our samples was as follows: blood group O = 76 cases (40%), blood group A = 58 cases (30%), blood group B = 41 cases (22%), and blood group AB = 15 cases (8%). Among these patients, 31 cases (16%) had maxillary deformities and 27 cases (14%) suffered from mandibular deformities while the other 132 cases (70%) had bimaxillary problems. The Chi-square test showed statistically significant differences between the blood group distribution of the patients of this study and the normal Iranian population ( P < 0.001). Conclusion: It was shown that among different blood groups; those with blood group B have a greater likelihood of association with maxillofacial deformities. On the other hand, the probability of the association of such deformities was the least with blood group A.

Some nutritional implications of group-feeding hill sheep

1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Z. Foot ◽  
A. J. F. Russel
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Daily Group ◽  
Group Feeding ◽  
Principal Factors ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
High Level

SUMMARYIn the first experiment two groups of 11 Scottish Blackface ewes were given either 6·10 kg dried grass pellets plus 1·63 kg chopped dried grass daily (Group A) or 8·17 kg hay plus 1·32 kg oat pellets (Group B). During a 10-day experimental period individual dry-matter intakes ranged from 484 to 939 g/day (CV 22·3%) in Group A and from 613 to 883 g/day (CV 13·3%) in Group B. In Group B dry-matter intakes from oats were much more variable (10 to 149 g/day; CV 35·8%) than those from hay (530 to 762 g/day; CV 12·9%). Plasma protein-bound iodine (PBI) concentrations were significantly higher in the Group A sheep.In the second experiment the treatments were: group-penned, group-fed (GG); group-penned, individually fed (GI); and individually penned, individually fed (II). Within each treatment there were two groups of 12 ewes; one group was given a high level of feeding (H) and the other a low level (L) for a 7-week experimental period. Allowances of pelleted concentrates ranged from 7 to 15 g/kg in the L groups and from 18 to 26 g/kg in the H groups. The same mean quantities per kg were given to GG sheep, and food intakes ranged from 5·7 to 17·7 g/kg (CV 25·3%) in GGL and from 12·5 to 30·8 g/kg (CV 24·8%) in GGH. Plasma PBI concentrations were significantly higher in L sheep than in H sheep, and higher in GG than in II. Plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentrations were significantly higher in L sheep than in H sheep and higher in GG than in GI and II.The principal factors determining variations in food intakes between individual animals fed in groups and some of the nutritional implications of group-feeding sheep are discussed.

Lymphocytic infiltrates in primary glioblastomas and recidivous gliomas

1978 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 854-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucio Palma ◽  
Nicola Di Lorenzo ◽  
Beniamino Guidetti
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Content Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltrates ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The correlation existing in several human malignancies between lymphocytic infiltration and prolonged survival prompted this study. Two hundred selected patients who were operated on for glioblastoma were reviewed to investigate the incidence of the lymphocytic infiltration in the histological slides and its possible relevance to a better clinical course. The group that exhibited a definite lymphocytic infiltration (Group A, 11.5%) had a significantly longer preoperative history and postoperative survival (p < 0.01) than the other two groups that presented slight or no infiltration (Group B, 23%, and Group C, 65%, respectively). In addition, biopsies of 28 recidivous gliomas were reviewed to study the fate of this lymphocytic infiltration in relation to time and therapy, such as irradiation and steroids which are known to depress the immune response. The authors found that severe lymphocytic infiltration is a rare immunobiological reaction which significantly improves the prognosis of a malignant brain tumor and seems not to be influenced by time, local x-ray therapy, or steroids.

scholarly journals Endodontic Irrigants and Their Activation Efficacy on Cleansing Post-Space Root Canal Walls

Prosthesis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-414
Author(s):  
Manuela Marchese ◽  
Pontoriero I. K. Denise ◽  
Edoardo Ferrari Cagidiaco ◽  
Alfredo Iandolo ◽  
Simone Grandini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
The Other ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Ultrasonic Activation ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Bonding System ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of activated irrigants (EDTA e NaOCL) during the cleansing of root walls, of the smear layer, of the debris, and gutta-percha after the preparation of the restorative space. Twenty single and multi-rooted (n = 20) have been collected. All samples were prepared by the same operator, using Nickel-titanium rotating instruments (Mtwo) through the Simultaneous Shaping Technique. The continuous-wave of condensation technique of obturation was used. To all specimens, the restorative space has been made, leaving 5 mm of apical gutta-percha, and postoperative periapical X-rays were performed. The samples were randomly divided into two groups: Group (A): cleansing of the root walls with ultrasonic activation of the irrigants (NEWTRON P5 XS; Satelec Acteon); Group (B): radicular walls wash without ultrasonic activation of endodontic irrigants (NaOCl 5.25% and EDTA 17%). Both dental sample groups were cut longitudinally with a low-speed saw (Isomet); the samples were observed by using a scanning electron microscope (Jeol, Jsm-6060LV) in order to evaluate: (1) the amount of debris/smear layer; (2) the mount of obstruction of dentinal tubules found in the two groups; and (3) evaluation of the presence of gutta-percha. Then, the other five samples each group (with and without ultrasonic activation) were prepared following the same protocol. Then, a universal bonding system (G-Praemio Bond, GC) and a layer of a flowable resin composite (Gaenial Flow, GC) were light-cured and used on top of the prepared root canal walls. The samples were cut in two pieces along the long axis of the root. Then, half sample teeth were kept in an acidic solution (37% HCl) for 48 h in order to completely dissolve dental structures and to have a direct view of resin tags formation under SEM. The other half was prepared to observe the adhesive interface under SEM. The amount of debris was not satisfactory in 9 out of 10 cases in Group B, while in Group A, which has been treated with ultrasounds, the result was either good or great in most of the samples. For the sample group treated with ultrasound, the tubules were evaluated as perfectly clean in 9 out of 10 cases, instead, the results are unsatisfactory for 9 out of 10 cases of group B not treated with ultrasound. Differences between Group A and B were statistically significant. With respect to the presence of debris and tubules obstruction treatment with ultrasonic activation, it offers with no doubt better results. When ultrasonic activation is used in combination with endodontic irrigants, a clean dentin substrate is be obtained for the adhesion of restorative materials, but in order to confirm the findings of this study, further in vivo trials are needed.

scholarly journals Dying “from” or “with” COVID-19 during the Pandemic: Medico-Legal Issues According to a Population Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8851
Author(s):  
Fabio De-Giorgio ◽  
Vincenzo M. Grassi ◽  
Eva Bergamin ◽  
Alessandro Cina ◽  
Franca Del Del Nonno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
The Other ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Co Poisoning ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

There is still a lack of knowledge concerning the pathophysiology of death among COVID-19-deceased patients, and the question of whether a patient has died with or due to COVID-19 is still very much debated. In Italy, all deaths of patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 are defined as COVID-19-related, without considering pre-existing diseases that may either contribute to or even cause death. Our study included nine subjects from two different nursing homes (Cases 1–4, Group A; Cases 5–9, Group B). The latter included patients who presumably died from CO poisoning due to a heating system malfunction. All subjects tested positive for COVID-19 both ante- and post-mortem and were examined using post-mortem computed tomography prior to autopsy. COVID-19 was determined to be a contributing cause in the deaths of four out of nine subjects (death due to COVID-19; i.e., pneumonia and sudden cardiac death). In the other five cases, for which CO poisoning was identified as the cause of death, the infection presumably had no role in exitus (death with COVID-19). In our attempt to classify our patients as dying with or due to COVID-19, we found the use of complete assessments (both histological analyses and computed tomography examination) fundamental.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Taalishadi Churna Compared with Sitopaladi Churna in the Management of Kasa

2021 ◽  
pp. 463-470
Author(s):  
Sirjana Shrestha ◽  
Shankar Gautam ◽  
Sabbu Thasineku ◽  
Jitendra Shrestha ◽  
D.L. Bharkher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutrophil Count ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Health Statistics ◽  
Group A ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Group B ◽  
Lottery System

Introduction: Kasa is a Vata-kapha pradhana disease, caused due to Vata vimargagaman and Pranavaha shrotodusti. Due to the various similarities in its clinical presentation, Kasa can be correlated with cough (bronchitis). According to National center for health statistics, 62 million cases of common cold and cough occurs each year. Methodology: A total of 44 patients diagnosed as Kasa were randomly divided as per the lottery system of randomization. The patients of Group A were given 5 gram of Sitopaladi Churna twice a day for 30 days. The patients of Group B were given 5 gram of Taalishadi Churna twice a day for 30 days. The patients of both the groups were supposed to follow the dietary and behavioural advices. The response of the drug was assessed at pre-treatment and post-treatment time. Results: There was equal significant change in all of the Roga bala, Agni bala and Deha bala parameters by both Sitopaladi and Taalishadi Churna. It was revealed that all other blood parameters except Hb, TLC and Neutrophil count used in the study were not significant in both the groups. Both drugs were found equally highly significant (p< 0.0001) in Sushka kasa and Swarabheda. Sitopaladi churna was more effective in relieving Hritparswashool (p=0.002) whereas Taalishadi churna is more effective in reducing Pitanisthivanam (p=0.007). In case of Nirghosh, Sitopaladi churna was more effective (p<0.0001). On the other hand, Taalishadi churna was more effective in relieving Peenasa (p<0.001). Conclusion: Both Sitopaladi Churna and Taalishadi Churna were found to be equally effective in the treatment of Kasa.

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