scholarly journals Recovery of Potentially Pathogenic Phytophthora and Pythium Spp. From Native Vegetation in Australia

1973 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 575 ◽  
Author(s):  
BH Pratt ◽  
WA Heather
Keyword(s):  
Plant Root ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Phytophthora Spp ◽  
Forest Habitats

Soil and plant root samples from a variety of native forest habitats throughout Australia were examined for potentially pathogenic Pythium and Phytophthora spp. by lupin baiting.

Comparison of Bird Counts From Pine Forest and Indigenous Vegetation.

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 281 ◽  
Author(s):  
PV Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Eucalyptus Forest ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Forest Habitats

Bird counts were taken in Feb., March and July 1975 in 4 native habitats, ranging from wet sclerophyll Eucalyptus forest to mallee (E. stricta)-heath on the Boyd Plateau, and two Pinus radiata habitats (20 yr and 40 yr) in the Jenolan State Forest, New South Wales, Australia. In each season the number of birds and the number of species was highest in the native forest habitats, lower in the pine habitats and least in the mallee-heath. The composition of native forest, pine forest, and mallee-heath bird communities shows considerable differences.

scholarly journals Ant recolonization of rehabilitated bauxite mines at Trombetas, Pará, Brazil

1996 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Majer
Keyword(s):  
Full Range ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Habitat Requirements ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Generalist Species ◽  
Ant Community ◽  
Bauxite Mines

ABSTRACTAnt species were sampled in three rainforest and 10 rehabilitated bauxite mine plots at Trombetas, in the tropical monsoonal region of Brazil. Rehabilitation ranged from 0 to 11 years in age and was mainly performed by planting mixed native forest tree species. One plot supported single-species blocks of Australian Eucalyptus and Acacia species. Two hundred and six ant species were recorded, of which 82 were exclusively found in the native vegetation, 54 were confined to the rehabilitation and 70 were found in both situations. In contrast with other studies, ant species richness in the Eucalyptus/Acacia plantation was as great as in the areas rehabilitated with native vegetation. The overall rate of return of ant species was considerably greater than in mines situated within subtropical regions of Brazil, Africa and Australia. However, if the greater richness of ants in the native vegetation at Trombetas was accounted for, the proportional return of the original ant fauna was not particularly rapid. The return of ant species slowed as the rehabilitated areas aged. In comparison with forest, the rehabilitation was characterized by proportionately more generalist species and fewer specialists, especially from the soil and litter layers. The full range of habitat requirements for the ant community has not been restored by the eleventh year of rehabilitation and further management may be required to enhance the degree of colonization. It is suggested that the findings for ants may apply to other components of the biota as well.

scholarly journals Sarsina violascens spatial and temporal distributions affected by native vegetation strips in eucalyptus plantations

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 703-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Cola Zanuncio ◽  
Wagner de Souza Tavares ◽  
Francisco de Sousa Ramalho ◽  
Germano Leão Demolin Leite ◽  
José Eduardo Serrão
Keyword(s):  
Contact Zone ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distributions ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantations ◽  
Eucalyptus Cloeziana ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate spatial and temporal distributions of Sarsina violascens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Lymantriinae) in two Eucalyptus cloeziana plantations, one with native vegetation strips (WNVS) and another without them (ONVS). Adults were collected with light traps, which were installed: inside an area of native vegetation (Cerrado), 100 m from the edge; at the contact zone between the native vegetation area and the E. cloeziana plantation; inside the E. cloeziana plantation, 250 m from the edge; at the central part of the native vegetation strip, around 500 m from the edge (WNVS) or in the contact zone between two E. cloeziana compartments (ONVS); and inside the E. cloeziana plantation, 500 m from the edge. The number of S. violascens adults collected was 240 in the system WNVS and 1,378 in the system ONVS. The lower number of individuals in the system WNVS was probably due to favored biological control provided by higher species richness with the use of native vegetation strips. These strips, intermingled with E. cloeziana plantations, allow a higher proportion of native forest in the landscape and can help to reduce S. violascens infestations.

scholarly journals Invasive Melastomataceae in Seychelles

Oryx ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Gerlach
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Oceanic Islands ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Introduced Plant Species

The Seychelles are the only high oceanic islands of granitic origin and their native vegetation is thus of considerable botanical interest. In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries widespread clearance for coconut and cinnamon plantations resulted in native forest being confined mainly to montane areas. Cinnamon has proved to be very invasive in natural forest and a number of other introduced plant species have also been recognized as problematic for some time. Recent studies have revealed that two more introduced plant species - Memecylon floribunda and Clidemia hirta - are significant new threats to native vegetation on Mahe and Silhouette, respectively.

scholarly journals INFLUÊNCIA HIPSOMÉTRICA NA FRAGMENTAÇÃO EM REGIÕES SEMIÁRIDAS

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 824
Author(s):  
Jéssica Stefane Alves Cunha ◽  
Ana Lícia Patriota Feliciano ◽  
Emanuel Araújo Silva ◽  
Luiz Carlos Marangon ◽  
Fabiana Estigarribia
Keyword(s):  
Altitudinal Gradient ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Categorical Maps ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Do So

A degradação da floresta nativa, em regiões secas, encontra-se em expansão devido a exploração da madeira e à conversão da vegetação em distintos usos. Assim, objetivou-se analisar a fragmentação da paisagem em áreas semiáridas e a influência do gradiente altitudinal nesse processo. Para tanto, as imagens RapidEye adquiridas no ano de 2014 foram segmentadas, identificadas e classificadas em Floresta e Outros usos, bem como confeccionados mapas categóricos para utilizar no software Fragstats e gerar dados para análise das métricas da paisagem. Os resultados dos parâmetros determinaram que as regiões secas possuem uma alta quantidade de fragmentos menores que cinco ha demonstrando um alto retalhamento. O ambiente Baixada é o mais prejudicado, diante da maior quantidade de fragmentos menores e da distância entre os mesmos, isso é devido a cobertura florestal desse ambiente está sob pressão sendo mais vulnerável à fragmentação, em virtude do cultivo agrícola e pastagem. De forma oposta se encontra o ambiente Chapada, no qual a classe Floresta comporta-se como a matriz da paisagem. Portanto, a altitude influencia o processo de fragmentação da vegetação nativa de regiões semiáridas, uma vez que ao aumentar a altitude também aumenta a conectividade entre os fragmentos.Palavras-chave: Análise da paisagem, métricas, Brasil, gradiente, fragstats. HYPSOMETRIC INFLUENCE IN FRAGMENTATION IN SEMI-ARID REGIONS ABSTRACT:The degradation of native forest, in dry regions, is expanding due to the exploitation of wood and the conversion of vegetation to different uses. Thus, the objective was to analyze the fragmentation of the landscape in semi-arid areas and the influence of the altitudinal gradient in this process. To do so, the RapidEye images acquired in the year of 2014 were segmented, identified and classified in Forest and Other uses, and also categorical maps were made to be used in the Fragstats software and generate data for analysis of the landscape metrics. The results of the parameters determined that the dry regions have a high amount of fragments smaller than five, demonstrating a high shredding. The Lowland environment is the most affected, due to the greater amount of smaller fragments and the distance between them, this is due to the forest cover of this environment is under pressure being more vulnerable to fragmentation, due to the agricultural cultivation and pasture. On the opposite side is the Plateau environment, in which the Forest class behaves as the matrix of the landscape. Therefore, altitude influences the fragmentation process of native vegetation of semiarid regions, since increasing the altitude also increases the connectivity between the fragments.Keywords: Landscape analysis, metrics, Brazil, gradient, fragstats.

scholarly journals SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN AN INTEGRATED CROP-LIVESTOCK-FORESTRY SYSTEM

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
Marcio Neves Rodrigues ◽  
Leonardo David Tuffi Santos ◽  
Regynaldo Arruda Sampaio ◽  
Luiz Arnaldo Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens ◽  
Degraded Pasture ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha

The experiment was conducted in Eutrophic Red-Yellow Ultisol, and aimed to evaluate soil chemical properties in Integrated Crop-Livestock-Forestry Systems (ICLF) in comparison to other types of soil use. The study assessed ICLF systems, monocultures of acacia (Acacia mangium), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus urophylla x E. grandis), Urochloa brizantha, Urochloa decumbens, Sorghum bicolor and Panicum maximum, with crop variations in three agricultural cycles in a 2 year period, in comparison to native vegetation, 8-year-old U. brizantha pasture and degraded pasture of P. maximum with exposed soil areas. In contrast to native forest and well-managed pastures and ICLF systems, contents of organic matter and calcium in the soil were lower in monocultures of eucalyptus, acacia and forage. The good fertility of the soil contributed to the total CEC, pH, K and Mg variables evaluated and these did not show any distinction between the environments analyzed. Soil organic matter and Ca contents were higher in native vegetation and managed pasture environments. These can be used in the evaluation of implemented systems ICLF few years before, in order to determine the feasibility of systems.

scholarly journals Fine root biomass and seed bank in secondary and primary forests in Eastern Amazon

Interação ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 748-761
Author(s):  
Madson Alan Rocha de Sousa ◽  
Raul Negrão de Lima ◽  
Ana Clara Saraiva de Lima ◽  
Camila de Almeida Milhomem ◽  
Luiz Fernandes Silva Dionisio
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Fine Root Biomass ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Plant Root System ◽  
Important Structure

Amazon is made up of a mosaic of ecosystems that have important structure, flora, and ecological functions for Brazil and the world. Knowing aspects of this biome related to the production and biomass of fine roots is of major importance given the role that the plant root system plays in nutrient cycling and carbon storage. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify the fine root mass in two regeneration areas and in primary forest, with a forest edge, in order to verify whether in different environments there are significant differences in root mass, as well as to compare the seed bank of the three areas to try to identify similarities among banks. The native forest presented a higher root mass, which differs from the two regeneration areas. The seed bank of succession forests is more similar to each other. The native forest has a greater number of seeds per volume of soil and litter collected. Concerning morphospecies, a higher number was observed in succession forests. The three areas differ in terms of fine root mass; however, regarding the seed banks, a possible edge effect may be affecting the native forest.

Three new species of mites (Acari: Zerconidae) from canopy habitats in Irish forests

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARÍA LOURDES MORAZA ◽  
JULIO ARROYO ◽  
THOMAS BOLGER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Forest Habitats

Three new species of the genus Zercon (Acari: Zerconidae) are described and illustrated on the basis of material collected from canopy samples from native and non-native forest habitats in Ireland. A key to the species of Zercon from Britain and Ireland is provided.

scholarly journals Soil Chemical Attributes under Crop-Livestock-Forest Integration System and in Different Land Uses in Mata dos Cocais Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Victor Roberto Ribeiro Reis ◽  
Diana Signor Deon ◽  
Luciano Cavalcante Muniz ◽  
Uelson Serra Garcia ◽  
Ilka South de Lima Cantanhêde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Integration System ◽  
Degraded Pasture ◽  
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Potential Acidity

The sustainability of ecosystems is closely linked with the assessment of soil properties that estimate their quality. This work proposes to evaluate soil chemical attributes as a function of the implantation of a crop-livestock-forest integration system (ICLF) in the region of Mata dos Cocais in the state of Maranhão, Northeast Brazil. The four different land uses evaluated were native vegetation with babassu, capoeira vegetation, degraded pasture and area under ICLF system (with marandu grass, maize and eucalyptus consortium). The samples were collected up to one meter deep, comprising seven layers: 0.00-0.10, 0.10-0.20, 0.20-0.30, 0.30-0.40, 0.40-0.60, 0.60-0.80 and 0.80-1.0 m. The chemical attributes evaluated were pH, Ca, Mg, Al, P, K and Na, potential acidity, base sum, base saturation and soil cation exchange capacity (CEC). The levels of P, in the 0.00-0.10 m layer, were higher in the ICLF system than those of the native forest with babassu. The levels of K in the ICLF system and degraded pasture were higher than the other land uses up to a depth of 0.40 m, ranging from 0.92 cmolc dm-3 to 0.62 cmolc dm-3 and 1.04 cmolc dm-3 and 0.67 cmolc dm-3, respectively. Base saturation was higher in soils under ICLF system and degraded pasture than those observed in native forest and capoeira vegetation. There was an effect in chemical attributes of the soil such as a function of land use and, in general, the highest values were found in areas with degraded pasture and ICLF.

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